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Словарь Западной и Северной Европы - Соединённое Королевство

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Western and Northern Europe Vocabulary
nation
nation
[существительное]

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

народ, нация

народ, нация

Ex: France is a nation known for its art, cuisine, and strong sense of national identity. 
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to surround
to surround
[глагол]

to be around something on all sides

окружать, обступать

окружать, обступать

Ex: The city is surrounded by beautiful countryside. 
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countryside
countryside
[существительное]

the area with farms, fields, and trees, that is outside cities and towns

сельская местность

сельская местность

Ex: They enjoyed taking long walks in the peaceful countryside. 
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landscape
landscape
[существительное]

an area of scenery visible in a single view

пейзаж

пейзаж

Ex: The hikers admired the mountain landscape at sunrise. 
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rolling
rolling
[прилагательное]

having a gently rising and falling surface with many small hills

холмистый

холмистый

Ex: The village was surrounded by rolling hills. 
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variety
variety
[существительное]

a range of things or people with the same general features but different in some details

разнообразие

разнообразие

Ex: The garden showcased a beautiful variety of flowers, each with its unique color and fragrance. 
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scenery
scenery
[существительное]

the overall appearance of a place, including its natural features and buildings

пейзаж

пейзаж

Ex: The mountain scenery was beautiful. 
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to flow
to flow
[глагол]

to move smoothly and continuously in one direction, especially in a current or stream

потечь

потечь

Ex: The river flowed gently through the valley, carrying leaves downstream. 
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mild
mild
[прилагательное]

(of weather) pleasantly warm and less cold than expected

мягкий

мягкий

Ex: After weeks of cold, the mild day felt like a gift. 
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to stretch
to stretch
[глагол]

to cover a significant distance or expanse

простираться, тянуться

простираться, тянуться

Ex: The wheat fields stretch for miles across the countryside. 
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to invade
to invade
[глагол]

to enter a territory using armed forces in order to occupy or take control of it

вторгаться

вторгаться

Ex: The army decided to invade the neighboring country to secure vital resources. 
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fortification
fortification
[существительное]

a defensive structure or system constructed to protect an area or position from enemy attacks, typically including walls, towers, and other defensive elements

укрепление, оборонительное сооружение

укрепление, оборонительное сооружение

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to rule
to rule
[глагол]

to control and be in charge of a country

править

править

Ex: The monarch ruled the kingdom with absolute authority. 
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various
various
[прилагательное]

several and of different types or kinds

различный

различный

Ex: The store sells various types of fruits and vegetables. 
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to shape
to shape
[глагол]

to exert a significant influence on the development, nature, or outcome of something

формировать, влиять

формировать, влиять

Ex: Early childhood experiences can shape a person's personality and attitudes later in life. 
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officially
officially
[наречие]

in a manner that is authoritative or formal

официально

официально

Ex: The new policy was officially announced yesterday. 
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to unite
to unite
[глагол]

to come together and form a single entity

объединяться, соединяться

объединяться, соединяться

Ex: The rivers unite at the confluence to form a larger waterway. 
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to gain
to gain
[глагол]

to obtain something through one's own actions or hard work

приобретать

приобретать

Ex: She gained recognition in the industry through years of dedication and innovation. 
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independence
independence
[существительное]

the state of being free from the control of others

независимость

независимость

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
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crucial
crucial
[прилагательное]

extremely important or essential

ключевой, решающий

ключевой, решающий

Ex: It is crucial to follow safety guidelines. 
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tough
tough
[прилагательное]

difficult to endure

трудный, тяжелый

трудный, тяжелый

Ex: After graduating, he faced a tough time finding a job in his field. 
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to defeat
to defeat
[глагол]

to win against someone in a war, game, contest, etc.

наносить поражение

наносить поражение

Ex: The army worked together to defeat the enemy in a decisive battle. 
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constitutional monarchy
constitutional monarchy
[существительное]

a country ruled by a king or queen whose powers are limited by law and elected officials hold most authority

конституционная монархия, монархия с конституционным строем

конституционная монархия, монархия с конституционным строем

Ex: The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. 
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royal family
royal family
[существительное]

the king, queen, their children, and close relatives, often holding significant historical, cultural, and political influence within a monarchy

королевская семья

королевская семья

Ex: The British royal family has been a symbol of tradition and continuity for centuries. 
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to run
to run
[глагол]

to own, manage, or organize something such as a business, campaign, a group of animals, etc.

управлять

управлять

Ex: She ran the family farm, overseeing the planting, harvesting, and sales of their crops. 
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to reign
to reign
[глагол]

to have control and authority over a place, like a country

царствовать

царствовать

Ex: The king reigned over the kingdom for decades, establishing a prosperous era. 
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monarch
monarch
[существительное]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

монарх

монарх

Ex: The monarch’s coronation was a grand ceremony attended by dignitaries from around the world. 
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to pass away
to pass away
[глагол]

to no longer be alive

умереть

умереть

Ex: The community mourned when they heard that the beloved teacher had passed away. 
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palace
palace
[существительное]

a large building that is the official home of a powerful or very important person such as a king, queen, pope, etc.

дворец

дворец

Ex: The royal palace gleamed in the sunlight, its marble facade adorned with intricate carvings and gilded accents. 
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royal wedding
royal wedding
[существительное]

a marriage ceremony between members of a royal family or between a royal family member and someone from outside the royal circle

королевская свадьба, королевский брак

королевская свадьба, королевский брак

Ex: The royal wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle was broadcast live to millions of viewers around the world. 
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street party
street party
[фраза]

a fun outdoor event where neighbors and community members gather to celebrate together

уличная вечеринка

уличная вечеринка

Ex: The neighborhood organized a street party for the holiday. 
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afternoon tea
afternoon tea
[существительное]

a small meal that consists of cakes and tea, eaten in the afternoon

полдник, послеобеденный чай

полдник, послеобеденный чай

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scone
scone
[существительное]

a small soft cake that is slightly sweet, usually served beside butter, cream or jam

скон

скон

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firework
firework
[существительное]

(usually plural) a small thing containing explosive powder that produces bright colors and a loud noise when it explodes or burns, mostly used at celebrations

праздничный салют

праздничный салют

Ex: The fireworks lit up the night sky during the New Year's Eve celebration. 
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bonfire
bonfire
[существительное]

a large fire built outdoors for celebration or signaling

костёр, пожар

костёр, пожар

Ex: They gathered around the bonfire on the beach. 
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to blow up
to blow up
[глагол]

to cause something to explode

взрываться

взрываться

Ex: The sudden impact blew the car up. 
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to catch
to catch
[глагол]

to apprehend or capture something or someone, often after chasing them

поймать

поймать

Ex: The police caught the fleeing suspect after a high-speed chase. 
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Christmas carol
Christmas carol
[существительное]

a religious song that is sung at Christmas or during Christmas holiday season

колядка

колядка

Ex: The children sang a Christmas carol at the school concert. 
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to decorate
to decorate
[глагол]

to adorn the inside of a house or room in order to make it more beautiful

отделать

отделать

Ex: They decided to decorate the living room with a fresh coat of light blue paint to create a serene atmosphere. 
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to roast
to roast
[глагол]

to cook something, especially meat, over a fire or in an oven for an extended period

жариться

жариться

Ex: Roast the turkey in the oven at 350° F for several hours until it's golden brown and juicy. 
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turkey
turkey
[существительное]

meat of a turkey, eaten as food, especially during holidays like Thanksgiving and Christmas

индюшатина

индюшатина

Ex: He smoked a whole turkey and served it with a tangy barbecue sauce. 
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band
band
[существительное]

a group of musicians and singers playing popular music

группа

группа

Ex: The band released their debut album last year, which quickly gained popularity. 
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all over the (world|globe)
all over the world
[фраза]

in every part of the world

Ex: The brand is recognized all over the world. 
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to vote
to vote
[глагол]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

голосовать, подавать голос

голосовать, подавать голос

Ex: Citizens regularly vote in elections to choose their representatives. 
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house
house
[существительное]

a group of elected representatives in a government responsible for discussing and making laws

палата, собрание

палата, собрание

Ex: Members of the lower house met to discuss the proposed budget for the upcoming fiscal year. 
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house of commons
house of commons
[существительное]

the lower house of the British parliament

Палата общин, Нижняя палата британского парламента

Палата общин, Нижняя палата британского парламента

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house of lords
house of lords
[существительное]

the upper house of the British parliament

Палата лордов, верхняя палата британского парламента

Палата лордов, верхняя палата британского парламента

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prime minister
prime minister
[существительное]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

премьер министр, глава кабинета министров

премьер министр, глава кабинета министров

Ex: The Prime Minister addressed the nation to announce new economic measures aimed at boosting employment. 
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head
head
[существительное]

a person in a leadership or authority position within a specific organization or group

глава, руководитель

глава, руководитель

Ex: As the head of marketing, she has many responsibilities. 
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party
party
[существительное]

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

партия

партия

Ex: The political party held a rally to mobilize supporters and promote its platform ahead of the upcoming election. 
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seat
seat
[существительное]

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

место

место

Ex: She won a seat in parliament in the last election, representing her local constituency. 
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to affect
to affect
[глагол]

to cause a change in a person, thing, etc.

влиять, воздействовать

влиять, воздействовать

Ex: The sudden loss of her job profoundly affected her emotional well-being. 
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politics
politics
[существительное]

a set of ideas and activities involved in governing a country, state, or city

политика

политика

Ex: After years of studying law and international relations, she decided to enter politics to make meaningful changes in her country. 
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to last
to last
[глагол]

to maintain presence over a period

продолжаться, длиться

продолжаться, длиться

Ex: The concert lasts for two hours, showcasing the band's greatest hits. 
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