to dispute
[动词]
to argue with someone, particularly over the ownership of something, facts, etc.

争议, 辩论
to grumble
[动词]
to complain quietly or softly, often in a way that others cannot hear or understand

咕哝, 抱怨
to vilify
[动词]
to spread bad and awful commentaries about someone in order to damage their reputation

诋毁, 贬损
Ex: It is essential that journalists vilify individuals without verified evidence .
to badmouth
[动词]
to criticize or speak unfavorably about someone or something, often in an unfair or unkind way.

贬低, 诋毁
to compliment
[动词]
to tell a person that one admires something about them such as achievements, appearance, etc.

赞美, 恭维
to uphold
[动词]
to support or defend something that is believed to be right so it continues to last

维护, 支持
to reprove
[动词]
to criticize someone for their actions or behavior, often implying a need for correction

指责, 批评
Ex: During the rehearsal , the reproved the actor for forgetting their lines .
to affirm
[动词]
to strongly and sincerely state that a particular statement or belief is true

确认, 肯定
Ex: The affirmed the importance of education in shaping one 's future during the graduation speech .

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