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Aklat Total English - Paunang Intermediate - Yunit 4 - Sanggunian

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Unit 4 - Sanggunian sa Total English Pre-Intermediate coursebook, tulad ng "control", "fear", "mental", atbp.

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Total English - Pre-intermediate
to challenge
to challenge
[Pandiwa]

to invite someone to compete or strongly suggest they should do something, often to test their abilities or encourage action

hamunin, anyayahan sa paligsahan

hamunin, anyayahan sa paligsahan

Ex: She challenges her colleagues to a friendly chess match every Friday. 

Hinahamon niya ang kanyang mga kasamahan sa isang paligsahan ng chess tuwing Biyernes.

goal
goal
[Pangngalan]

our purpose or desired result

layunin, hangarin

layunin, hangarin

Ex: Her goal is to become a successful entrepreneur and start her own business. 

Ang kanyang layunin ay maging isang matagumpay na negosyante at magsimula ng sariling negosyo.

to control
to control
[Pandiwa]

to have power over a person, company, country, etc. and to decide how things should be done

kontrolin, pamahalaan

kontrolin, pamahalaan

Ex: Political leaders strive to control policies that impact the welfare of the citizens. 

Ang mga lider pampulitika ay nagsisikap na kontrolin ang mga patakaran na nakakaapekto sa kapakanan ng mga mamamayan.

fear
fear
[Pangngalan]

a bad feeling that we get when we are afraid or worried

takot, pangamba

takot, pangamba

Ex: His fear of public speaking caused him to avoid presentations and speeches. 

Ang takot niya sa pagsasalita sa harap ng publiko ang nagtulak sa kanya na iwasan ang mga presentasyon at talumpati.

physical
physical
[pang-uri]

related to the body rather than the mind

pisikal, pang-katawan

pisikal, pang-katawan

Ex: He experienced physical exhaustion after completing the marathon. 

Nakaranas siya ng pagod sa katawan pagkatapos makumpleto ang marathon.

mental
mental
[pang-uri]

happening or related to someone's mind, involving thoughts, feelings, and cognitive processes

pang-isip, intelektuwal

pang-isip, intelektuwal

Ex: She experienced a mental breakthrough during the meditation session. 

Nakaranas siya ng isang mental na pag-unlad sa panahon ng sesyon ng pagmumuni-muni.

strength
strength
[Pangngalan]

the quality or state of being physically or mentally strong

lakas, tatag

lakas, tatag

Ex: Her strength of character helped her overcome many challenges in life. 

Ang lakas ng kanyang karakter ay tumulong sa kanya na malampasan ang maraming hamon sa buhay.

to rely on
to rely on
[Pandiwa]

to have faith in someone or something

umasa sa, magtiwala sa

umasa sa, magtiwala sa

Ex: When going on a long journey, it's essential to rely on a well-maintained vehicle. 

Kapag pupunta sa isang mahabang paglalakbay, mahalagang umasa sa isang maayos na sasakyan.

to build
to build
[Pandiwa]

to put together different materials such as brick to make a building, etc.

magtayo, gumawa

magtayo, gumawa

Ex: The historical monument was built in the 18th century. 

Ang makasaysayang monumento ay itinayo noong ika-18 siglo.

shelter
shelter
[Pangngalan]

a structure offering protection and privacy from danger

kublihan, kanlungan

kublihan, kanlungan

Ex: The hikers found a shelter in the forest during the storm. 

Nakahanap ang mga manlalakbay ng kanlungan sa kagubatan habang may bagyo.

to achieve
to achieve
[Pandiwa]

to finally accomplish a desired goal after dealing with many difficulties

makamit, magawa

makamit, magawa

Ex: The student's perseverance and late-night study sessions helped him achieve high scores on the challenging exams. 

Ang tiyaga ng mag-aaral at ang kanyang mga sesyon ng pag-aaral sa gabi ay nakatulong sa kanya na makamit ang mataas na marka sa mahihirap na pagsusulit.

to cope
to cope
[Pandiwa]

to handle a difficult situation and deal with it successfully

harapin, pangasiwaan

harapin, pangasiwaan

Ex: She copes with work pressure by prioritizing tasks and maintaining a positive mindset. 

Siya ay nakakaya ang pressure sa trabaho sa pamamagitan ng pag-prioritize ng mga gawain at pagpapanatili ng positibong mindset.

to push
to push
[Pandiwa]

to force someone to do something, particularly against their will

itulak, pilitin

itulak, pilitin

Ex: Despite her reservations, the manager pushed the team to work overtime to meet an ambitious deadline. 

Sa kabila ng kanyang mga pag-aatubili, itinulak ng manager ang koponan na mag-overtime upang matugunan ang isang mapanghamong deadline.

survival
survival
[Pangngalan]

the state in which a person manages to stay alive or strong despite dangers or difficulties

pagtitiis, pananatiling buhay

pagtitiis, pananatiling buhay

Ex: The survival of the crew depended on their ability to find fresh water. 

Ang kaligtasan ng mga tauhan ay nakasalalay sa kanilang kakayahang makahanap ng sariwang tubig.

wilderness
wilderness
[Pangngalan]

an area of land that has remained largely undisturbed by humans and their modern development

ilang, disyerto

ilang, disyerto

Ex: They camped in the wilderness for a week. 

Nagkampo sila sa ilang sa loob ng isang linggo.

brave
brave
[pang-uri]

having no fear when doing dangerous or painful things

matapang, malakas ang loob

matapang, malakas ang loob

Ex: Despite the danger, he remained brave and rescued the injured hiker from the mountain. 

Sa kabila ng panganib, nanatili siyang matapang at iniligtas ang nasugatang manggagala mula sa bundok.

confident
confident
[pang-uri]

having a strong belief in one's abilities or qualities

tiwala sa sarili,  may kumpiyansa

tiwala sa sarili, may kumpiyansa

Ex: He's confident about his decision to start a new business. 

Kumpiyansa siya sa kanyang desisyon na magsimula ng bagong negosyo.

determined
determined
[pang-uri]

having or displaying a strong will to achieve a goal despite the challenges or obstacles

desidido

desidido

Ex: She was determined to finish the marathon, despite the pain in her legs. 

Siya ay desidido na tapusin ang marathon, sa kabila ng sakit sa kanyang mga binti.

fit
fit
[pang-uri]

healthy and strong, especially due to regular physical exercise or balanced diet

malusog, fit

malusog, fit

Ex: Doctors often recommend regular exercise and a healthy diet to stay fit and prevent illness. 

Madalas irekomenda ng mga doktor ang regular na ehersisyo at malusog na diyeta upang manatiling malusog at maiwasan ang sakit.

funny
funny
[pang-uri]

able to make people laugh

nakakatawa, masaya

nakakatawa, masaya

Ex: He's a funny character, always coming up with quirky ideas. 

Siya ay isang nakakatawa na karakter, laging may kakaibang mga ideya.

generous
generous
[pang-uri]

having a willingness to freely give or share something with others, without expecting anything in return

mapagbigay,  bukas-palad

mapagbigay, bukas-palad

Ex: She's a generous donor, always contributing to charitable causes and helping those in need. 

Siya ay isang mapagbigay na tagapagbigay, palaging nag-aambag sa mga layuning pang-charity at tumutulong sa mga nangangailangan.

intelligent
intelligent
[pang-uri]

good at learning things, understanding ideas, and thinking clearly

matalino, marunong

matalino, marunong

Ex: He is an intelligent critic who always provides insightful feedback. 

Siya ay isang matalino na kritiko na laging nagbibigay ng malalim na puna.

motivated
motivated
[pang-uri]

having a strong desire or ambition to achieve a goal or accomplish a task

motibado, determinado

motibado, determinado

Ex: She was motivated to excel in her career and worked hard to achieve success. 

Siya ay motibado na mag-excel sa kanyang karera at nagsumikap upang makamit ang tagumpay.

reliable
reliable
[pang-uri]

able to be trusted to perform consistently well and meet expectations

maaasahan, mapagkakatiwalaan

maaasahan, mapagkakatiwalaan

Ex: He's reliable, always delivering on his promises and consistently producing quality work. 

Siya ay mapagkakatiwalaan, laging tumutupad sa kanyang mga pangako at patuloy na gumagawa ng dekalidad na trabaho.

talented
talented
[pang-uri]

possessing a natural skill or ability for something

may talino, magaling

may talino, magaling

Ex: She is a talented dancer, known for her grace and precision on stage. 

Siya ay isang magaling na mananayaw, kilala sa kanyang grace at precision sa entablado.

blanket
blanket
[Pangngalan]

a large piece of fabric made of wool, cotton, or other materials that is used to keep warm or to provide comfort, used on beds, sofas, chairs, etc.

kumot, blangket

kumot, blangket

Ex: She wrapped herself in a warm blanket while watching her favorite movie on a chilly evening. 

Binalot niya ang sarili sa isang mainit na kumot habang pinapanood ang paborito niyang pelikula sa isang malamig na gabi.

match
match
[Pangngalan]

a small stick with a tip that catches fire when rubbed on a rough surface

posporo, lighter

posporo, lighter

Ex: She used a match to start the campfire in the woods. 

Gumamit siya ng posporo upang simulan ang campfire sa gubat.

candle
candle
[Pangngalan]

a block or stick of wax with a string inside that can be lit to produce light

kandila, sasag

kandila, sasag

Ex: She lit a scented candle to create a cozy atmosphere in the room. 

Nag-sindi siya ng mabangong kandila para lumikha ng maginhawang atmospera sa kuwarto.

chocolate
chocolate
[Pangngalan]

a food prepared from roasted, ground cacao beans

tsokolate, kakaw

tsokolate, kakaw

Ex: She used chocolate to make a rich dessert. 

Gumamit siya ng tsokolate para gumawa ng isang masaganang dessert.

first-aid kit
first-aid kit
[Pangngalan]

a set of tools and medical supplies, usually carried in a bag or case, used in case of emergency or injury

first-aid kit, kit ng pangunang lunas

first-aid kit, kit ng pangunang lunas

Ex: Always carry a first-aid kit when hiking in remote areas. 

Laging magdala ng first-aid kit kapag nagha-hiking sa malalayong lugar.

mirror
mirror
[Pangngalan]

a flat surface made of glass that people can see themselves in

salamin, espeho

salamin, espeho

Ex: He adjusted his tie while gazing into the mirror above the dresser. 

Inayos niya ang kanyang kurbata habang nakatingin sa salamin sa itaas ng aparador.

penknife
penknife
[Pangngalan]

a small, foldable knife designed for general use, often carried in a pocket

kutsilyong pantasa, maliit na natitiklop na kutsilyo

kutsilyong pantasa, maliit na natitiklop na kutsilyo

Ex: He used a penknife to sharpen his pencil. 

Gumamit siya ng liit na kutsilyo para patalasin ang kanyang lapis.

radio
radio
[Pangngalan]

a device that is used for listening to programs that are broadcast

radyo, aparatong radyo

radyo, aparatong radyo

Ex: The radio program has interesting interviews. 

Ang programa sa radio ay may mga kawili-wiling interbyu.

scissors
scissors
[Pangngalan]

a tool used to cut paper, cloth, etc. with two handles and two sharp edges, joined in the middle

gunting

gunting

Ex: She used a pair of scissors to cut out shapes from construction paper for her art project. 

Gumamit siya ng isang pares ng gunting upang gupitin ang mga hugis mula sa construction paper para sa kanyang art project.

tent
tent
[Pangngalan]

a shelter that usually consists of a long sheet of cloth, nylon, etc. supported by poles and ropes fixed to the ground, that we especially use for camping

tolda, kubo

tolda, kubo

Ex: At the end of the trip, we folded the tent and put it back in its bag. 

Sa dulo ng biyahe, tinali namin ang tolda at ibinalik sa bag nito.

torch
torch
[Pangngalan]

a handheld portable light source that uses a flame to lighten a place

sulo, torch

sulo, torch

Ex: He lit a torch to explore the dark cave. 

Nag-sindi siya ng sulo para tuklasin ang madilim na kuweba.

umbrella
umbrella
[Pangngalan]

an object with a circular folding frame covered in cloth, used as protection against rain or sun

payong

payong

Ex: I always carry an umbrella in my bag in case it rains. 

Lagi kong dala ang aking payong sa bag ko sakaling umulan.

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