pattern

Daftar Kata Level C2 - Biologi

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari semua kata penting untuk berbicara tentang Biologi, yang dikumpulkan khusus untuk pelajar tingkat C2.

Tinjauan

Kartu flash

Ejaan

Kuis

Mulai belajar
CEFR C2 Vocabulary
ribosome
ribosome
[Kata benda]

a tiny structure within cells that assembles proteins by reading the genetic instructions carried by messenger RNA

ribosom

ribosom

Ex: The coordinated movement of ribosomes along mRNA ensures the accurate reading of genetic information. 

Gerakan terkoordinasi ribosom sepanjang mRNA memastikan pembacaan informasi genetik yang akurat.

Tutup
Masuk
Golgi apparatus
Golgi apparatus
[Kata benda]

a cellular organelle involved in the processing, packaging, and distribution of proteins and lipids within the cell, consisting of a stack of flattened membrane sacs called cisternae

Aparatus Golgi, Kompleks Golgi

Aparatus Golgi, Kompleks Golgi

Ex: In nerve cells, the Golgi apparatus contributes to the formation of myelin, a fatty substance protecting nerve fibers. 

Dalam sel saraf, aparatus Golgi berkontribusi pada pembentukan myelin, zat lemak yang melindungi serat saraf.

Tutup
Masuk
lysosome
lysosome
[Kata benda]

a small, enzyme-filled sac in a cell that breaks down waste materials and unwanted substances

lisosom, kantung kecil berisi enzim

lisosom, kantung kecil berisi enzim

Ex: Lysosomes play a vital role in cellular housekeeping by degrading damaged or malfunctioning cellular components. 

Lisosom memainkan peran penting dalam pemeliharaan seluler dengan mendegradasi komponen seluler yang rusak atau tidak berfungsi.

Tutup
Masuk
mitochondrion
mitochondrion
[Kata benda]

an organelle that is abundantly present in most cells and is responsible for energy production

mitokondria, organel penghasil energi

mitokondria, organel penghasil energi

Ex: Dysfunction of the mitochondrion can lead to a variety of diseases and disorders, including mitochondrial myopathy and Leigh syndrome. 

Disfungsi mitokondria dapat menyebabkan berbagai penyakit dan gangguan, termasuk miopati mitokondria dan sindrom Leigh.

Tutup
Masuk
chloroplast
chloroplast
[Kata benda]

a plant cell organelle that uses sunlight to produce energy and make glucose through photosynthesis

kloroplas, organel fotosintesis

kloroplas, organel fotosintesis

Ex: In addition to chlorophyll, chloroplasts house other pigments that aid in capturing different wavelengths of light during photosynthesis. 

Selain klorofil, kloroplas mengandung pigmen lain yang membantu menangkap berbagai panjang gelombang cahaya selama fotosintesis.

Tutup
Masuk
nucleotide
nucleotide
[Kata benda]

a molecule that forms the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

nukleotida

nukleotida

Ex: A chain of nucleotides in DNA or RNA is often referred to as a strand or sequence. 

Rantai nukleotida dalam DNA atau RNA sering disebut sebagai untai atau urutan.

Tutup
Masuk
polypeptide
polypeptide
[Kata benda]

a linear chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, forming a primary structure of a protein

polipeptida, rantai polipeptida

polipeptida, rantai polipeptida

Ex: Amino acids link together through peptide bonds to form the linear structure of a polypeptide. 

Asam amino saling terhubung melalui ikatan peptida untuk membentuk struktur linear dari sebuah polipeptida.

Tutup
Masuk
organelle
organelle
[Kata benda]

a specialized, membrane-bound structure within a cell that performs specific functions, contributing to the cell's overall structure and function

organel, organela

organel, organela

Ex: Golgi apparatus, an organelle with stacked membranes, modifies and packages proteins. 

Aparatus Golgi, sebuah organel dengan membran bertumpuk, memodifikasi dan mengemas protein.

Tutup
Masuk
vacuole
vacuole
[Kata benda]

a cell organelle in plants, fungi, and some protists that stores nutrients, manages waste, and helps maintain cell pressure

vakuola, vesikel

vakuola, vesikel

Ex: Vacuoles in yeast cells store nutrients, aiding in survival during nutrient scarcity. 

Vakuola dalam sel ragi menyimpan nutrisi, membantu kelangsungan hidup selama kekurangan nutrisi.

Tutup
Masuk
centriole
centriole
[Kata benda]

a pair of small cylinders near the nucleus in animal cells, organizing cell division by forming the mitotic spindle

sentriol, pasangan sentriol

sentriol, pasangan sentriol

Ex: During cell division, centrioles replicate, and the pairs move to opposite poles of the cell. 

Selama pembelahan sel, sentriol bereplikasi, dan pasangan bergerak ke kutub yang berlawanan dari sel.

Tutup
Masuk
histone
histone
[Kata benda]

a type of protein that plays a structural role in the packaging of DNA into nucleosomes, fundamental units of chromatin

histon, protein histon

histon, protein histon

Ex: Histones help organize and condense long strands of DNA within the cell nucleus. 

Histon membantu mengatur dan memadatkan untai panjang DNA di dalam inti sel.

Tutup
Masuk
telomere
telomere
[Kata benda]

a repetitive DNA sequence at the end of a linear chromosome, protecting it from deterioration during replication, and playing a role in cellular aging and cancer development

telomer, ujung kromosom

telomer, ujung kromosom

Ex: As cells divide, telomeres gradually shorten, acting as a biological clock that limits the number of divisions. 

Saat sel membelah, telomer secara bertahap memendek, bertindak sebagai jam biologis yang membatasi jumlah pembelahan.

Tutup
Masuk
phenotype
phenotype
[Kata benda]

the observable physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype (genetic makeup) with the environment

fenotipe, karakteristik yang dapat diamati

fenotipe, karakteristik yang dapat diamati

Ex: Flower color, petal shape, and plant height are plant phenotypes. 

Warna bunga, bentuk kelopak, dan tinggi tanaman adalah fenotip tanaman.

Tutup
Masuk
homeostasis
homeostasis
[Kata benda]

the tendency of an organism or cell to regulate its internal environment and maintain a stable, balanced condition, despite external changes

homeostasis, keseimbangan internal

homeostasis, keseimbangan internal

Ex: Breathing rate adjusts to maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body, demonstrating respiratory homeostasis. 

Laju pernapasan menyesuaikan untuk menjaga keseimbangan oksigen dan karbon dioksida dalam tubuh, menunjukkan homeostasis pernapasan.

Tutup
Masuk
translation
translation
[Kata benda]

the process by which the information encoded in the sequence of nucleotides in DNA is converted into a functional product, typically a protein

translasi, translasi genetik

translasi, translasi genetik

Ex: Translation involves initiation, elongation, and termination phases, orchestrating the synthesis of polypeptide chains. 

Translasi melibatkan fase inisiasi, elongasi, dan terminasi, mengatur sintesis rantai polipeptida.

Tutup
Masuk
transcription
transcription
[Kata benda]

the process by which a segment of DNA is used as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule

transkripsi, proses transkripsi

transkripsi, proses transkripsi

Ex: The complementary RNA strand synthesized during transcription is called messenger RNA (mRNA). 

Untai RNA komplementer yang disintesis selama transkripsi disebut RNA duta (mRNA).

Tutup
Masuk
replication
replication
[Kata benda]

the process by which an organism duplicates its genetic material, particularly the copying of DNA in cell division

replikasi

replikasi

Ex: Replication starts at specific sites called origins of replication on the DNA molecule. 

Replikasi dimulai di situs spesifik yang disebut asal replikasi pada molekul DNA.

Tutup
Masuk
codon
codon
[Kata benda]

a sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid during protein synthesis or serves as a start or stop signal in the translation process

kodon, urutan kodon

kodon, urutan kodon

Ex: Mutations in codons can lead to changes in the amino acid sequence of a protein, affecting its function. 

Mutasi pada kodon dapat menyebabkan perubahan dalam urutan asam amino protein, memengaruhi fungsinya.

Tutup
Masuk
symbiosis
symbiosis
[Kata benda]

a close and often long-term interaction between two different species living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both

simbiosis, asosiasi simbiotik

simbiosis, asosiasi simbiotik

Ex: Clownfish and sea anemones exhibit mutualistic symbiosis, as the clownfish receive protection, and the anemones benefit from food scraps. 

Ikan badut dan anemon laut menunjukkan simbiosis mutualistik, karena ikan badut menerima perlindungan dan anemon mendapat manfaat dari sisa makanan.

Tutup
Masuk
ameba
ameba
[Kata benda]

a single-celled, microscopic organism belonging to the group of protozoa, characterized by a flexible cell membrane and the absence of a fixed body shape

ameba, ameba

ameba, ameba

Ex: Amebas have a remarkable ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions, thriving in diverse ecosystems. 

Ameba memiliki kemampuan yang luar biasa untuk beradaptasi dengan kondisi lingkungan yang berubah, berkembang dalam berbagai ekosistem.

Tutup
Masuk
prokaryote
prokaryote
[Kata benda]

a simple, single-celled organism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, such as bacteria and archaea

prokariota, organisme prokariotik

prokariota, organisme prokariotik

Ex: Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus found in eukaryotic cells. 

Prokariota tidak memiliki organel yang terikat membran seperti nukleus yang ditemukan dalam sel eukariotik.

Tutup
Masuk
chlorophyll
chlorophyll
[Kata benda]

a green pigment found in all green plants and cyanobacteria that is responsible for the absorption of the sunlight needed for the photosynthesis process

klorofil, pigmen hijau

klorofil, pigmen hijau

Ex: During autumn, chlorophyll breaks down in deciduous plants, revealing other pigments and causing leaves to change color. 

Selama musim gugur, klorofil terurai pada tanaman gugur, mengungkap pigmen lain dan menyebabkan daun berubah warna.

Tutup
Masuk
capsid
capsid
[Kata benda]

the protein coat of a virus that encases its genetic material and helps it attach to and enter host cells during infection

kapsid, selubung protein

kapsid, selubung protein

Ex: The assembly of capsids is a highly regulated process during the viral life cycle. 

Perakitan kapsid adalah proses yang sangat diatur selama siklus hidup virus.

Tutup
Masuk
eukaryote
eukaryote
[Kata benda]

a type of living thing with cells that have a nucleus and other structures enclosed in membranes, like plants, animals, fungi, and some microorganisms

eukariota, organisme eukariotik

eukariota, organisme eukariotik

Ex: Fungi, like mushrooms and molds, belong to the eukaryote group due to their cellular structure. 

Jamur, seperti jamur dan kapang, termasuk dalam kelompok eukariota karena struktur selulernya.

Tutup
Masuk
ovum
ovum
[Kata benda]

a mature, female reproductive cell or egg, typically larger than a sperm cell, capable of fusing with a sperm cell during fertilization to form a zygote

ovum, telur

ovum, telur

Ex: The ovum contains half of the genetic material needed to form a new individual. 

Ovum mengandung setengah dari materi genetik yang dibutuhkan untuk membentuk individu baru.

Tutup
Masuk
pepsin
pepsin
[Kata benda]

an enzyme produced in the stomach that helps in the digestion of proteins by breaking them down into smaller peptides

pepsin, enzim pencerna protein

pepsin, enzim pencerna protein

Ex: Pepsin works best at an acidic pH, which is why it is primarily active in the stomach. 

Pepsin bekerja paling baik pada pH asam, itulah sebabnya terutama aktif di lambung.

Tutup
Masuk
adenosine triphosphate

a molecule that carries energy within cells, composed of adenine, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups

adenosin trifosfat, trifosfat adenosin

adenosin trifosfat, trifosfat adenosin

Ex: During cellular respiration, energy from nutrients is used to regenerate adenosine triphosphate. 

Selama respirasi seluler, energi dari nutrisi digunakan untuk meregenerasi adenosine triphosphate.

Tutup
Masuk
biogas
biogas
[Kata benda]

a gas, especially methane, that is produced as a result of the decomposition of animal or plant remains, which is used as fuel

biogas, gas terbarukan

biogas, gas terbarukan

Ex: The production of biogas from agricultural residues not only generates energy but also helps manage waste more effectively. 

Produksi biogas dari residu pertanian tidak hanya menghasilkan energi tetapi juga membantu mengelola limbah lebih efektif.

Tutup
Masuk
cytoskeleton
cytoskeleton
[Kata benda]

a network of protein fibers in a cell that gives it shape, supports its structure, and aids in movement

sitokerangka, rangka sel

sitokerangka, rangka sel

Ex: The cytoskeleton is involved in intracellular transport, guiding vesicles and organelles to their destinations. 

Sitoskeleton terlibat dalam transportasi intraseluler, memandu vesikel dan organel ke tujuan mereka.

Tutup
Masuk
LanGeek
Unduh aplikasi LanGeek