सी2 स्तर की शब्द सूची - Biology

a tiny structure within cells that assembles proteins by reading the genetic instructions carried by messenger RNA

राइबोसोम

a cellular organelle involved in the processing, packaging, and distribution of proteins and lipids within the cell, consisting of a stack of flattened membrane sacs called cisternae

गोल्गी उपकरण

a small, enzyme-filled sac in a cell that breaks down waste materials and unwanted substances

लिज़ोसोम

an organelle that is abundantly present in most cells and is responsible for energy production

माइटोकॉन्ड्रिया

a plant cell organelle that uses sunlight to produce energy and make glucose through photosynthesis

क्लोरोप्लास्ट

a molecule that forms the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

न्यूक्लियोटाइड

a linear chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, forming a primary structure of a protein

पॉलीपेप्टाइड

a specialized, membrane-bound structure within a cell that performs specific functions, contributing to the cell's overall structure and function

अंगिका

a cell organelle in plants, fungi, and some protists that stores nutrients, manages waste, and helps maintain cell pressure

वैक्यूओल

a pair of small cylinders near the nucleus in animal cells, organizing cell division by forming the mitotic spindle

सेंटीरियोल

a type of protein that plays a structural role in the packaging of DNA into nucleosomes, fundamental units of chromatin

हिस्टोन

a repetitive DNA sequence at the end of a linear chromosome, protecting it from deterioration during replication, and playing a role in cellular aging and cancer development

टेलोमेर

the observable physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype (genetic makeup) with the environment

फेनोटाइप

the tendency of an organism or cell to regulate its internal environment and maintain a stable, balanced condition, despite external changes

होमियोस्टेसिस

the process by which the information encoded in the sequence of nucleotides in DNA is converted into a functional product, typically a protein

अनुवाद

the process by which a segment of DNA is used as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule

परागण

the process by which an organism duplicates its genetic material, particularly the copying of DNA in cell division

प्रत्यावर्तन

a sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid during protein synthesis or serves as a start or stop signal in the translation process

कोडोन

a close and often long-term interaction between two different species living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both

संपर्क

a single-celled, microscopic organism belonging to the group of protozoa, characterized by a flexible cell membrane and the absence of a fixed body shape

अमीबा

a simple, single-celled organism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, such as bacteria and archaea

प्रोकैरियोट

a green pigment found in all green plants and cyanobacteria that is responsible for the absorption of the sunlight needed for the photosynthesis process

क्लोरोफिल

the protein coat of a virus that encases its genetic material and helps it attach to and enter host cells during infection

कैप्सिड

a type of living thing with cells that have a nucleus and other structures enclosed in membranes, like plants, animals, fungi, and some microorganisms

यूकेरियोट

a mature, female reproductive cell or egg, typically larger than a sperm cell, capable of fusing with a sperm cell during fertilization to form a zygote

अंडाणु

an enzyme produced in the stomach that helps in the digestion of proteins by breaking them down into smaller peptides

पेप्सिन

a molecule that carries energy within cells, composed of adenine, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups

एडेनोसिन ट्राइफॉस्फेट

a network of protein fibers in a cell that gives it shape, supports its structure, and aids in movement

साइटोस्केलेटन