used to describe something that exists, grows, etc.

znaleźć, odkryć
a group of mountains or hills in a line

łańcuch górski, pasmo górskie
a block of the earth's crust bounded by faults and shifted to form peaks of a mountain range
having a gently rising and falling surface with many small hills

pagórkowaty
a naturally raised area of land that is higher than the land around it, often with a round shape

wzgórze, pagórek
a large, open, and grass-covered area

łąka, pastwisko
all wild animals, considered as a whole, living in the natural environment

dzika przyroda, fauna
a journey, typically for observing and photographing wild animals in their natural habitat, especially in African countries

safari
from a very short distance away
as a result of a specific cause or reason

z powodu, z uwagi na
the illegal hunting, capturing, or killing of wild animals, usually to sell them or their body parts

kłusownictwo, nielegalne polowanie
an organized attempt to protect and preserve animals, plants, natural resources, or the environment
a group of people who share a common culture, language, religion, or ancestry

grupa etniczna, etnos
a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

zwyczaj, obyczaj
the popular fashion including hairstyle, clothes, etc. particular to a country or class

strój, tradycyjny strój
to be an image, sign, symbol, etc. of something

reprezentować, symbolizować
to completely understand, acknowledge, or become aware of the existence, validity, or importance of something

rozpoznawać, uznawać
happening, done, or made once every year

roczny, coroczny
the area of land where the land meets a body of water such as an ocean, sea, lake, or river

brzeg, wybrzeże
to require someone or something for support, maintenance, help, etc.

zależeć od, polegać na
the business of working on a farm and growing crops to sell

rolnictwo, uprawa
a plant that is grown for food over large areas of land

uprawa, plon
a tall plant growing in Central America that produces yellow seeds, which are used in cooking

kukurydza, ziarno kukurydzy
the dried leaves of the tobacco plant, used for smoking or other forms of consumption

tytoń, tytoń
a type of tall tropical plant that sugar can be extracted from its stems

trzcina cukrowa, roślina cukrowa
commodities, goods, or services sold and sent to another country

eksport, wywóz
the money that is regularly earned from a job or through an investment

dochód
the act of catching too many fish from a body of water, leading to a decrease in fish populations and harm to the ecosystem

przełowienie, nadmierne połowy
a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

zanieczyszczenie, skażenie
a place where people live, consisting mainly of houses and apartment buildings rather than offices and shops

obszar mieszkalny, dzielnica mieszkaniowa
a specific point or location identified relative to surrounding features in an area or region

miejsce, punkt
an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

rezerwat przyrody, sanktuarium dzikiej przyrody
physically harmed or wounded

ranny, uszkodzony
a class of animals to which crocodiles, lizards, etc. belong, characterized by having cold blood and scaly skin

gad, zwierzę zimnokrwiste
made by hand or with the use of hand tools, rather than by machine or mass production methods

ręcznie robiony, rękodzieło
a practice requiring experience and skill, in which objects are made with one's hands

rzemiosło, sztuka rękodzielnicza
cloth that is made by weaving cotton yarn, silk, etc., which is used in making clothes

tkanina, materiał
a method or style of cooking that is specific to a country or region

kuchnia
dominance or authority exercised through legal, political, or formal power

panowanie, rządy
someone who is sent to a foreign country to teach and talk about religion, particularly to persuade others to become a member of the Christian Church

misjonarz
to make more people know or be aware of something by sharing or promoting it

rozpowszechniać, promować
traffic in slaves; especially in Black Africans transported to America in the 16th to 19th centuries
any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

kolonia, terytorium pod kontrolą
the dried leaves of the tobacco plant, used for smoking or other forms of consumption

tytoń, tytoń
the state of being free from the control of others

niepodległość, autonomia
a state or country where power is held by the people or their elected representatives, typically with an elected head of state rather than a monarch

republika, państwo republikańskie
an important or distinctive aspect of something

cecha, funkcja
a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

gatunek, gatunki
| Southern Africa Vocabulary | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Południowa Afryka | Namibia | Zimbabwe | Botswana |
| Mozambik | Lesotho | Zambia | Madagaskar |
| Angola | Malawi | ||
