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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic - Testul 3 - Citire - Fragment 1

Învață vocabular din Cambridge IELTS 17 Academic, Test 3, Reading Passage 1, și recapitulează cuvinte și expresii utile din acest text de lectură.

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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic
extinct
extinct
[adjectiv]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) not having any living members, either due to natural causes, environmental changes, or human activity

dispărut, stins

dispărut, stins

Ex: The dodo bird is an example of a species that is now extinct, as it disappeared centuries ago due to human activity. 

Pasărea dodo este un exemplu de specie care acum este dispărută, deoarece a dispărut cu secole în urmă din cauza activității umane.

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marsupial
marsupial
[substantiv]

any of the order of mammals that carry their young babies in a pouch, such as kangaroos, found either in Australia or Americas

marsupial, animal marsupial

marsupial, animal marsupial

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to [bear] a resemblance

to share similarities in appearance, characteristics, or qualities

Ex: The two paintings bear a resemblance in their use of color and composition. 
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superficial
superficial
[adjectiv]

appearing to have a certain quality, yet lacking it in reality

superficial, aparent

superficial, aparent

Ex: His superficial charm masked his true intentions. 

Farmecul său superficial a mascat intențiile sale adevărate.

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distinguishing
distinguishing
[adjectiv]

serving to identify or characterize

distinctiv, caracteristic

distinctiv, caracteristic

Ex: Her distinguishing feature was her bright red hair, which made her easy to spot in a crowd. 

Trăsătura ei distinctivă era părul ei roșu aprins, care o făcea ușor de remarcat într-o mulțime.

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terrain
terrain
[substantiv]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

teren, peisaj

teren, peisaj

Ex: The rugged terrain of the mountainous region posed a significant challenge for the hikers, requiring careful navigation and endurance. 

Terenul accidentat al regiunii montane a reprezentat o provocare semnificativă pentru drumeții, necesitând o navigare atentă și rezistență.

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prime
prime
[adjectiv]

particularly suitable or ideal for a specific purpose

optim, ideal

optim, ideal

Ex: The property is in a prime area, perfect for both business and residential use. 
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habitat
habitat
[substantiv]

the natural environment in which a particular animal, plant, or other organism normally lives or grows

habitat,  mediu natural

habitat, mediu natural

Ex: The wetland provides an important habitat for migrating birds. 
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exclusively
exclusively
[adverb]

in a manner that is only available to a particular person, group, or thing

exclusiv

exclusiv

Ex: The VIP lounge at the airport is exclusively for first-class passengers. 

Lounge-ul VIP din aeroport este exclusiv pentru pasagerii de la clasa întâi.

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carnivorous
carnivorous
[adjectiv]

(of plants or animals) feeding on the meat or flesh of other animals

carnivor

carnivor

Ex: Lions are carnivorous predators that primarily hunt and eat other animals. 

Leii sunt prădători carnivori care vânează și mănâncă în principal alte animale.

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muscular
muscular
[adjectiv]

having a robust body-build characterized by well-developed muscles, bones, and connective tissue derived from the embryonic mesoderm

musculos, muscular

musculos, muscular

Ex: The muscular anatomy of the athlete shows strong development. 

Anatomia musculară a atletului arată o dezvoltare puternică.

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to distend

to expand, swell, or stretch beyond the normal or usual size

a se dilata, a se umfla

a se dilata, a se umfla

Ex: After a large meal, his stomach began to distend, causing discomfort. 

După o masă mare, stomacul lui a început să se dilateze, provocând disconfort.

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adaptation
adaptation
[substantiv]

the process by which organisms evolve traits that improve their chances of survival and reproduction in a particular environment

adaptare, aclimatizare

adaptare, aclimatizare

Ex: Camouflage is an adaptation that helps animals avoid predators. 
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to compensate

to counteract a force, change, or undesirable effect by producing an opposing effect

compensa,  contrabalansa

compensa, contrabalansa

Ex: The control system automatically compensates for changes in temperature. 
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scarce
scarce
[adjectiv]

present in very limited amounts or number and not commonly found or encountered

rar, puțin abundent

rar, puțin abundent

Ex: The endangered bird species is becoming increasingly scarce due to habitat loss. 

Specia de pasăre pe cale de dispariție devine din ce în ce mai rară din cauza pierderii habitatului.

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to exhaust

to make someone extremely tired

epuiza, istovi

epuiza, istovi

Ex: The long hike exhausted everyone in the group. 
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pursuit
pursuit
[substantiv]

the act of chasing or following someone or something in order to catch them

urmărire,  goană

urmărire, goană

Ex: The police continued their pursuit of the stolen car. 
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scent
scent
[substantiv]

a distinctive smell, especially a pleasant one

Ex: The scent of fresh bread filled the kitchen. 
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to emerge
to emerge
[verb]

to become visible after coming out of somewhere

emerge, apărea

emerge, apărea

Ex: The pattern on the fabric emerged slowly as the dye set in. 
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to retreat

to move back or away from something, especially to avoid danger or an unpleasant situation

retrage

retrage

Ex: She retreated a few steps when the dog approached. 
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despite
despite
[prepoziție]

used to show that something happened or is true, even though there was a difficulty or obstacle that might have prevented it

în ciuda, cu toate acestea

în ciuda, cu toate acestea

Ex: Despite the heavy rain, they decided to go for a hike. 
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temperament
temperament
[substantiv]

a person's or animal's natural or inherent characteristics, influencing their behavior, mood, and emotional responses

temperament

temperament

Ex: The dog's friendly temperament made it a favorite among the children. 

Temperamentul prietenos al câinelui l-a făcut preferat în rândul copiilor.

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nocturnal
nocturnal
[adjectiv]

(of animals or organisms) primarily active during the night

nocturn

nocturn

Ex: Nocturnal predators like owls and foxes rely on their keen senses to locate prey under the cover of night. 

Prădătorii nocturni precum bufnițele și vulpile se bazează pe simțurile lor ascuțite pentru a localiza prada sub acoperirea nopții.

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to sight
to sight
[verb]

to see or observe with the eyes

zări, vedea

zări, vedea

Ex: He sighted a rare bird through his binoculars during the nature hike. 
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to record
to record
[verb]

to store information in a way that can be used in the future

înregistra,  nota

înregistra, nota

Ex: The scientist records experimental data in a laboratory notebook. 
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to bask
to bask
[verb]

to lie or rest in a pleasant warmth, such as sunlight

se bronzează, se bucură de căldura soarelui

se bronzează, se bucură de căldura soarelui

Ex: She basks in the sun on the beach, feeling the warmth on her skin. 

Ea se întinde la soare pe plajă, simțind căldura pe piele.

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extended
extended
[adjectiv]

lasting longer than usual or anticipated

prelungit, extins

prelungit, extins

Ex: The extended meeting addressed multiple agenda items, causing it to run well past the scheduled time. 

Ședința prelungită a abordat mai multe puncte de pe ordinea de zi, determinând-o să dureze mult mai mult decât timpul programat.

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indication
indication
[substantiv]

something that serves to show, suggest, or point to a fact, condition, or situation

indicație, semn

indicație, semn

Ex: His tone was an indication of irritation. 
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to crawl
to crawl
[verb]

to move slowly with the body near the ground or on the hands and knees

se târî, înainta pe mâini și genunchi

se târî, înainta pe mâini și genunchi

Ex: As the hikers reached the steep slope, they had to crawl on their hands and knees to navigate the challenging terrain. 
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pouch
pouch
[substantiv]

a pocket-like structure that female marsupials, such as kangaroos, use to carry their young with them

pungă, marsupiu

pungă, marsupiu

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teat
teat
[substantiv]

the part of the body of a female mammal from which the young suck milk

sfârc, uger

sfârc, uger

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lair
lair
[substantiv]

a place where a wild animal lives, hides, or takes refuge

bârlog, ascunzătoare

bârlog, ascunzătoare

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widespread
widespread
[adjectiv]

existing or spreading among many people, groups, or communities through communication, influence, or awareness

răspândit, generalizat

răspândit, generalizat

Ex: The disease outbreak caused widespread panic among the population. 

Izbucnirea bolii a provocat panică larg răspândită în rândul populației.

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mainland
mainland
[substantiv]

the main part of a continent or country that is connected to a larger landmass, excluding surrounding islands or territories

continent, uscat

continent, uscat

Ex: They took a ferry from the island to the mainland. 

Au luat un feribot de pe insulă pe continent.

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fossil
fossil
[substantiv]

the preserved remains, impression, or trace of an organism from a past geological age

fosilă

fosilă

Ex: The museum displayed a fossil of an ancient fish. 
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extinction
extinction
[substantiv]

a situation in which a particular animal or plant no longer exists

extincție

extincție

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to coincide

to happen at the same time or at nearly the same time as something else

coincide, se suprapune

coincide, se suprapune

Ex: The festival coincides with the start of the school holidays. 
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predator
predator
[substantiv]

an animal that hunts, kills, and eats other animals

prădător,  răpitor

prădător, răpitor

Ex: The wolf is an efficient predator that hunts in packs. 
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to suckle
to suckle
[verb]

to feed a baby or young animal by drawing milk from the breast or teat

alăpta, suge

alăpta, suge

Ex: The newborn suckled eagerly after birth. 

Noul născut sușe avid după naștere.

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dramatic
dramatic
[adjectiv]

surprising or exciting in appearance or effect

spectaculos, dramatic

spectaculos, dramatic

Ex: The actor's performance was dramatic, evoking strong emotions from the audience. 
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to attribute to

to assign the cause or ownership of something to a specific person, thing, or factor

atribui, imputa

atribui, imputa

Ex: She attributed the success of the project to her team's hard work. 

Ea a atribuit succesul proiectului muncii asidue a echipei sale.

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relentless
relentless
[adjectiv]

continuing with the same level of intensity without becoming weaker or less forceful

neobosit, neîncetat

neobosit, neîncetat

Ex: The relentless rain kept pouring for days, causing widespread flooding. 

Ploaia neobosită a continuat să cadă zile întregi, provocând inundații pe scară largă.

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bounty hunter
bounty hunter
[substantiv]

a hunter who kills designated wild animals in order to collect a government reward

vânător de recompense, vânător de prime

vânător de recompense, vânător de prime

Ex: The bounty hunter followed the wolf's tracks through the snow. 
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shotgun
shotgun
[substantiv]

a long gun that can shoot multiple small bullets at one time, suitable for hunting animals such as birds

pușcă de vânătoare, țeavă lungă

pușcă de vânătoare, țeavă lungă

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determined
determined
[adjectiv]

having or displaying a strong will to achieve a goal despite the challenges or obstacles

hotărât

hotărât

Ex: She was determined to finish the marathon, despite the pain in her legs. 

Era hotărâtă să termine maratonul, în ciuda durerii din picioare.

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campaign
campaign
[substantiv]

a series of organized activities that are intended to achieve a particular goal

campanie

campanie

Ex: The marketing campaign aimed to increase brand awareness through social media and television commercials. 
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undoubtedly
undoubtedly
[adverb]

used to say that there is no doubt something is true or is the case

fără îndoială, indubitabil

fără îndoială, indubitabil

Ex: She is undoubtedly the best candidate for the job, given her experience and skills. 

Ea este fără îndoială cea mai bună candidată pentru job, având în vedere experiența și abilitățile ei.

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to play
to play
[verb]

to actively influence or impact a situation, event, or outcome

juca, influența

juca, influența

Ex: Her positive attitude played a key role in motivating the team to achieve their goals. 
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to contribute

to be one of the causes or reasons that helps something happen

contribui, conduce

contribui, conduce

Ex: The feedback from customers contributed to improving the product. 
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eventual
eventual
[adjectiv]

happening at the end of a process or a particular period of time

final

final

Ex: After years of hard work and dedication, he finally achieved his eventual goal of becoming a successful entrepreneur. 
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settler
settler
[substantiv]

a person who moves to a new area to live and establish a community

colonist, pionier

colonist, pionier

Ex: The first settlers built their homes near the river. 

Primii colonizatori și-au construit casele lângă râu.

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prey
prey
[substantiv]

an animal that is hunted and killed for food by another animal

pradă

pradă

Ex: The hawk circled above before diving toward its prey. 
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species
species
[substantiv]

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

specie, specii

specie, specii

Ex: The Galapagos finches are a classic example of how different species can evolve from a common ancestor. 

Cinchezii Galapagos sunt un exemplu clasic al modului în care diferite specii pot evolua dintr-un strămoș comun.

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distemper
distemper
[substantiv]

a contagious viral disease affecting animals, especially dogs, causing respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms

boala Carré, cimurul

boala Carré, cimurul

Ex: Dogs and cats should be vaccinated to protect them from distemper. 

Câinii și pisicile ar trebui vaccinați pentru a-i proteja de cățeauă.

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to affect
to affect
[verb]

to cause illness or medical conditions in an individual

afecta, bolnăvi

afecta, bolnăvi

Ex: The flu virus can quickly affect individuals, causing symptoms such as fever, cough, and fatigue. 
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to breed
to breed
[verb]

to make animals produce offspring in a way that is suitable for human beings

crește, reproduce

crește, reproduce

Ex: The farmer breeds cattle to improve the quality of the herd for meat production. 
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captivity
captivity
[substantiv]

the state of being confined, imprisoned, or held against one's will

captivitate, detenție

captivitate, detenție

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demise
demise
[substantiv]

the end or failure of something, such as an organization, system, or life

sfârșit, decădere

sfârșit, decădere

Ex: The company's demise was caused by poor management decisions. 

Disparitia companiei a fost cauzată de decizii de management slabe.

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to diminish

to become or make something smaller, weaker, less intense, or less in amount

diminua,  reduce

diminua, reduce

Ex: The pain gradually diminished after Emily took the medication. 
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extermination
extermination
[substantiv]

the act of completely destroying or eliminating something, especially a population or group

exterminare, anihilare

exterminare, anihilare

Ex: The extermination of invasive species is necessary to protect native ecosystems. 

Exterminarea speciilor invazive este necesară pentru a proteja ecosistemele native.

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sway
sway
[substantiv]

the influence or control over someone or something

influență, control

influență, control

Ex: The politician's powerful speeches held considerable sway over voters. 
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notable
notable
[adjectiv]

important, remarkable, or deserving particular attention

notabil

notabil

Ex: The research led to a notable improvement in treatment outcomes. 
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exception
exception
[substantiv]

a person or thing that does not follow a general rule or is excluded from a class or group

excepție, caz special

excepție, caz special

Ex: The car insurance policy includes coverage for most damages, with the exception of those caused by natural disasters. 
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sufficiently
sufficiently
[adverb]

to a degree or extent that is enough

suficient, destul

suficient, destul

Ex: She was sufficiently prepared to handle the complex questions during the interview. 

Era suficient de pregătită pentru a gestiona întrebările complexe din timpul interviului.

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scarcity
scarcity
[substantiv]

the state of not having enough or being in demand of something

raritate, lipsă

raritate, lipsă

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edge
edge
[substantiv]

a line determining the limits of an area

margine, graniță

margine, graniță

Ex: A fence marks the edge of the property. 
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motion
motion
[substantiv]

a formal proposal presented for discussion and voting in a deliberative assembly

moțiune, propunere

moțiune, propunere

Ex: The committee debated the motion thoroughly. 
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captive
captive
[adjectiv]

confined or held prisoner, unable to escape

captiv, în captivitate

captiv, în captivitate

Ex: She felt like a captive audience, unable to leave until the end of the boring presentation. 

Se simțea ca un public captiv, incapabil să plece până la sfârșitul prezentării plictisitoare.

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expedition
expedition
[substantiv]

an organized journey undertaken for a particular purpose, especially exploration, research, or military action

expediție,  expediție științifică

expediție, expediție științifică

Ex: Sarah joined a scientific expedition to study wildlife in Antarctica. 
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definitive
definitive
[adjectiv]

settling an issue authoritatively and leaving no room for further doubt or debate

definitiv, concludent

definitiv, concludent

Ex: The Supreme Court ruling established definitive legal criteria for determining separation of church and state issues going forward. 

Hotărârea Curții Supreme a stabilit criterii juridice definitive pentru determinarea separării bisericii și statului în viitor.

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declared
declared
[adjectiv]

explicitly stated or presented as fact

declarat, declarată

declarat, declarată

Ex: The declared value of the shipment was unusually low. 
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onward
onward
[adverb]

from a specific point forward in time, degree, or progress

înainte, de acum încolo

înainte, de acum încolo

Ex: From this day onward, he vowed to live a healthier life. 

Din această zi înainte, a jurat să trăiască o viață mai sănătoasă.

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proposal
proposal
[substantiv]

something suggested or put forward for consideration, such as an idea, plan, or assumption

propunere, sugestie

propunere, sugestie

Ex: The manager reviewed each proposal carefully. 
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to home
to home
[verb]

to give a person or animal a place to live or settle in

găzdui, adăposti

găzdui, adăposti

Ex: The program homes orphaned children with local families. 
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impractical
impractical
[adjectiv]

not practical or feasible

impracticabil, nepractic

impracticabil, nepractic

Ex: Wearing high heels in the snow is quite impractical. 

A purta tocuri înalte în zăpadă este destul de impractic.

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legislation
legislation
[substantiv]

a formal rule or collection of rules enacted by a governing authority

legislație, lege

legislație, lege

Ex: Parliament passed legislation to improve access to mental health services. 
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to pass
to pass
[verb]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

adopta, aprobă

adopta, aprobă

Ex: The motion was passed by 16 votes to 11. 
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to carbon-date

to find out how old something is by measuring the amount of a certain type of carbon it has left

data prin carbon, efectua datarea prin carbon

data prin carbon, efectua datarea prin carbon

Ex: The team carbon-dated the wooden tool and found it was over 3,000 years old. 

Echipa a datat prin metoda carbonului instrumentul de lemn și a descoperit că are peste 3.000 de ani.

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