Естественные Науки SAT - Биохимия и клеточная структура
Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с биохимией и клеточной структурой, такие как «липид», «фермент» и «ткань», которые вам понадобятся для сдачи SAT.
Обзор
Флэш-карточки
Правописание
Тест
a substance found in the cell walls of plants, providing structure and making up dietary fiber
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целлюлоза
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a natural sugar found in fruits and honey, often used to sweeten foods and drinks
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фруктоза, сахарный спирт
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a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms
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глюкоза
a short chain of amino acids linked together, which can function as a building block for proteins or act as a signaling molecule in the body
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пептид
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a type of pigment found in plants, algae, and some bacteria, responsible for bright red, yellow, and orange colors and important for photosynthesis and antioxidant activity
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каротиноид, пигмент каротиноид
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a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself
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фермент
the entire set of proteins expressed by a cell, tissue, or organism at a specific time under defined conditions
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протеом
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a molecule that forms the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
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нуклеотид
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a simple sugar molecule, the most basic form of carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed
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мономер сахарид
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a fundamental compound derived from glutamic acid, integral to biological functions and known for its role as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system
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глутамат, глутамат натрия
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a substance, such as vitamin E, that helps clean the body of harmful substances
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антиоксидант
any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids
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липид
a specialized, membrane-bound structure within a cell that performs specific functions, contributing to the cell's overall structure and function
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органелла
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relating to or characteristic of mitochondria, which are organelles found in cells responsible for energy production
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митохондриальный, связанный с митохондриями
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the gel-like, semifluid substance within a cell that surrounds the organelles, providing a medium for cellular activities, including metabolism, transport of substances, and support for cellular structures
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цитоплазма, цитоплазма
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a green pigment found in all green plants and cyanobacteria that is responsible for the absorption of the sunlight needed for the photosynthesis process
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хлорофилл
a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism
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мембрана
a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts
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ткань
a cellular organelle involved in the processing, packaging, and distribution of proteins and lipids within the cell, consisting of a stack of flattened membrane sacs called cisternae
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аппарат Гольджи, комплекс Гольджи
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a tiny structure within cells that assembles proteins by reading the genetic instructions carried by messenger RNA
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рибосома
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a small, enzyme-filled sac in a cell that breaks down waste materials and unwanted substances
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лизосома
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a cell organelle in plants, fungi, and some protists that stores nutrients, manages waste, and helps maintain cell pressure
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вакуоль
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(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information
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ядро
a plant cell organelle that uses sunlight to produce energy and make glucose through photosynthesis
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хлоропласт
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a network of protein fibers in a cell that gives it shape, supports its structure, and aids in movement
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цитоскелет
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a branch of biology concerning the scientific study of the form and structure of an organism including plants and animals
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морфология
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