Cambridge IELTS 15 - Học thuật - Bài kiểm tra 4 - Đọc - Đoạn 1
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Đố vui
(of land or a climate) very dry because of not having enough or any rain

khô cằn, khô hạn
to respond positively or with joy to an event, development, or change

chào mừng, đón nhận
to apply pressure to fit or pass something into or through a tight space

ép, nén
easily damaged or broken

mỏng manh, dễ vỡ
a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

hệ sinh thái, hệ thống sinh thái
in a manner that almost does not occur or happen

hầu như không bao giờ, hiếm khi
happening the whole year

quanh năm, hàng năm
fitting for a specific purpose, situation, or person

phù hợp, thích hợp
the underground part of a plant that absorbs water and minerals, sending it to other parts

rễ, rễ con
to draw liquid or moisture into something by creating a vacuum or suction

hút lên, hấp thụ
a scientist who studies ancient plant remains from archaeological sites to learn about past human-plant interactions and environments

nhà khảo cổ thực vật học, nhà cổ thực vật học
to resist or endure the force, pressure, or challenges imposed upon oneself

chịu đựng, chống chọi
a long period of time when there is not much raining

hạn hán, thiếu nước
a plant that is grown for food over large areas of land

cây trồng, vụ mùa
to lose strength or quality over time, becoming less effective or reliable

suy yếu, giảm sút
to put someone or something new instead of someone or something else

thay thế, đổi mới
to cause something to fall by delivering a forceful blow, typically with the intent of bringing it to the ground

chặt, đốn
land that is filled with many trees

rừng, khu rừng
the process by which soil and rock are gradually destroyed and removed by natural forces such as wind, water, and ice

xói mòn, sự bào mòn
to change and become something else

biến thành, trở thành
absolutely necessary and of great importance

quan trọng, cần thiết
(of a place) close to another

láng giềng, kế bên
to cause a plant to develop and give fruit or flowers

trồng, nuôi lớn
a long and narrow casing filled with seeds that grows on some specific plants, such as beans and peas

vỏ quả, quả đậu
a usually green part of a plant in which the photosynthesis takes place

lá
the hard outer covering of a tree

vỏ cây, lớp vỏ ngoài của cây
relating to or made from herbs, which are plants valued for their medicinal, aromatic, or culinary properties

thảo dược, từ thảo mộc
a treatment or medicine for a disease or to reduce pain that is not severe

phương thuốc
a part of a tree divided into some other parts on which the leaves grow

cành
a hard black substance consisting of an amorphous form of carbon which is made by slowly burning wood and is used as fuel or for drawing

than củi, than
the main wooden body of a tree

thân cây, gốc cây
to no longer be able be found or located, often leading to frustration

biến mất, mất tích
a piece of land under 50 acres that is sold or let to someone for cultivation

trang trại nhỏ, mảnh đất canh tác nhỏ
no longer present or available

đã đi, biến mất
a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

nhà thực vật học, chuyên gia thực vật học
a scientist who studies the relationship between people and plants, focusing on how different cultures use plants for medicine, food, rituals, and other purposes

nhà dân tộc thực vật học, chuyên gia dân tộc thực vật học
characterized by being at the forefront of new developments or leading the way in innovation and exploration

tiên phong, đổi mới
to bring something back into existence or operation, especially after a period of inactivity or decline

khôi phục, phục hồi
the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows

môi trường sống, sinh cảnh
in agreement with or supportive of a plan, decision, or idea

trên tàu, ủng hộ
an unreasonable opinion or judgment based on dislike felt for a person, group, etc., particularly because of their race, sex, etc.

định kiến, thành kiến
relating to goals or ideals that inspire ambition or desire for achievement

đầy khát vọng, truyền cảm hứng
the act of recovering someone to a state of consciousness or life

hồi sức
to restore someone or something to a previous state or position, especially after a temporary suspension or removal

phục hồi, tái bổ nhiệm
related to the connection between animals, plants, and humans and their environment

sinh thái, thuộc về môi trường
the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time

di sản, di sản văn hóa
a child who attends classes at a school

học sinh, trẻ em đi học
the act of repairing something such as an artwork, building, etc. to be in its original state

phục hồi
able to continue for a long period of time

bền vững, lâu dài
to apply heat until food or a liquid starts to boil or cook

đun sôi, nấu sôi
having a heavy consistency that resists flowing easily

đặc, quánh
a thick sweet liquid made with sugar that is often used as a sauce

xi-rô, mật đường
a thick, dark syrup with a strong and distinctive flavor, produced during the process of refining sugar

mật mía, mật đường
to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface

xay, nghiền
to cook something, especially meat, over a fire or in an oven for an extended period

nướng, quay
having the flavor, smell, or qualities characteristic of chocolate

có vị sô cô la, mang hương vị sô cô la
a solid and natural substance that is not produced in the body of living beings but its intake is necessary to remain healthy

khoáng chất, chất khoáng
holding appropriate documentation and officially on record as qualified to perform a specified function or practice a specified skill

được chứng nhận
to a specific degree, particularly when compared to other similar things

tương đối, so sánh
to have the amount of money needed to buy necessities

sống bằng, tồn tại bằng
to start loving someone deeply
to cause something to be separated into pieces

bẻ vụn, nghiền nát
a narrow area of land that connects two larger places or follows along something like a road or river

hành lang, lối đi
a class of animals to which humans, cows, lions, etc. belong, have warm blood, fur or hair and typically produce milk to feed their young

động vật có vú, loài động vật có vú
the fine spores that contain male gametes and that are borne by an anther in a flowering plant

phấn hoa, hạt phấn hoa
to act against something in order to reduce its effect

chống lại, trung hòa
to reduce something in degree, amount, quality, or strength

giảm, hạ
a location or circumstance that offers protection and safety

nơi ẩn náu, nơi trú ẩn
the existence of a range of different plants and animals in a natural environment

đa dạng sinh học, sự đa dạng sinh học
a vast, open area or surface

khoảng rộng, vùng rộng lớn
to utilize or take full advantage of something, often resources, opportunities, or skills

khai thác, tận dụng
to officially introduce or launch a new product, service, or system

triển khai, ra mắt
a person or animal that resides in a particular place

cư dân, người ở
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