Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic - Test 4 - Reading - Passage 1
Learn vocabulary from Cambridge IELTS 15 Academic, Test 4 Reading Passage 1, and review useful words and expressions from this reading text.
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(of land or a climate) very dry because of not having enough or any rain
to respond positively or with joy to an event, development, or change
to apply pressure to fit or pass something into or through a tight space
easily damaged or broken
a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system
in a manner that almost does not occur or happen
happening the whole year
fitting for a specific purpose, situation, or person
the underground part of a plant that absorbs water and minerals, sending it to other parts
to draw liquid or moisture into something by creating a vacuum or suction
a scientist who studies ancient plant remains from archaeological sites to learn about past human-plant interactions and environments
to resist or endure the force, pressure, or challenges imposed upon oneself
a long period of time when there is not much raining
a plant that is grown for food over large areas of land
to lose strength or quality over time, becoming less effective or reliable
to put someone or something new instead of someone or something else
to cause something to fall by delivering a forceful blow, typically with the intent of bringing it to the ground
land that is filled with many trees
the process by which soil and rock are gradually destroyed and removed by natural forces such as wind, water, and ice
to change and become something else
absolutely necessary and of great importance
(of a place) close to another
to cause a plant to develop and give fruit or flowers
a long and narrow casing filled with seeds that grows on some specific plants, such as beans and peas
a usually green part of a plant in which the photosynthesis takes place
the hard outer covering of a tree
relating to or made from herbs, which are plants valued for their medicinal, aromatic, or culinary properties
a treatment or medicine for a disease or to reduce pain that is not severe
a part of a tree divided into some other parts on which the leaves grow
a hard black substance consisting of an amorphous form of carbon which is made by slowly burning wood and is used as fuel or for drawing
the main wooden body of a tree
to no longer be able be found or located, often leading to frustration
a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.
a scientist who studies the relationship between people and plants, focusing on how different cultures use plants for medicine, food, rituals, and other purposes
characterized by being at the forefront of new developments or leading the way in innovation and exploration
to bring something back into existence or operation, especially after a period of inactivity or decline
the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows
in agreement with or supportive of a plan, decision, or idea
an unreasonable opinion or judgment based on dislike felt for a person, group, etc., particularly because of their race, sex, etc.
relating to goals or ideals that inspire ambition or desire for achievement
the act of recovering someone to a state of consciousness or life
to restore someone or something to a previous state or position, especially after a temporary suspension or removal
a sense of self-respect, dignity, or personal worth
related to the connection between animals, plants, and humans and their environment
the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time
a child who attends classes at a school
the act of repairing something such as an artwork, building, etc. to be in its original state
able to continue for a long period of time
to apply heat until food or a liquid starts to boil or cook
having a heavy consistency that resists flowing easily
a thick sweet liquid made with sugar that is often used as a sauce
a thick, dark syrup with a strong and distinctive flavor, produced during the process of refining sugar
to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface
to cook something, especially meat, over a fire or in an oven for an extended period
having the flavor, smell, or qualities characteristic of chocolate
a solid and natural substance that is not produced in the body of living beings but its intake is necessary to remain healthy
holding appropriate documentation and officially on record as qualified to perform a specified function or practice a specified skill
to a specific degree, particularly when compared to other similar things
to have the amount of money needed to buy necessities
![to [fall] in love](https://cdn.langeek.co/photo/40147/thumb/350?type=jpeg "to [fall] in love")
to start loving someone deeply
to cause something to be separated into pieces
a narrow area of land that connects two larger places or follows along something like a road or river
a class of animals to which humans, cows, lions, etc. belong, have warm blood, fur or hair and typically produce milk to feed their young
tiny grains produced by flowers that carry male reproductive cells
to act against something in order to reduce its effect
to reduce something in degree, amount, quality, or strength
the process of becoming a vapor
a safe or secure place, often emphasizing security or sanctuary
the existence of a range of different plants and animals in a natural environment
to utilize or take full advantage of something, often resources, opportunities, or skills
to officially introduce or launch a new product, service, or system
a person or animal that resides in a particular place
| Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 | Test 4 - Listening - Part 1 | Test 4 - Listening - Part 2 | Test 4 - Listening - Part 3 |
| Test 4 - Listening - Part 4 | Test 4 - Reading - Passage 1 | Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 | Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 |
