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Cambridge IELTS 18 - الأكاديمي - اختبار 1 - القراءة - المقطع 2 (2)

تعلم المفردات من الجزء الثاني من Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic، Test 1 Reading Passage 2، مع كلمات وتعبيرات مفيدة من النص.

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الصيغ

الهجاء

اختبار قصير

ابدأ التعلم
Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
primary
primary
[صفة]

having the most importance or influence

أساسي, رئيسي

أساسي, رئيسي

Ex: Her primary responsibility as a teacher is to nurture and educate her students. 
foliage
foliage
[اسم]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

أوراق الشجر, نباتات

أوراق الشجر, نباتات

Ex: In autumn, the foliage of the trees turns brilliant shades of red and orange. 

في الخريف، يتحول أوراق الشجر إلى درجات لامعة من الأحمر والبرتقالي.

crown
crown
[اسم]

the top part of a tree or other plant

تاج الشجرة, قمة الشجرة

تاج الشجرة, قمة الشجرة

Ex: Pruning the crown of the apple tree helps promote healthy growth and fruit production. 
coverage
coverage
[اسم]

the extent or degree to which something is provided, included, dealt with, or reaches a particular area

تغطية,  مدى

تغطية, مدى

Ex: The survey has nationwide coverage. 
to regenerate

to grow or be made again

تجديد, يتجدد

تجديد, يتجدد

crowded
crowded
[صفة]

(of a space) filled with things or people

مزدحم, مكتظ

مزدحم, مكتظ

Ex: The crowded bus was late due to heavy traffic. 

تأخرت الحافلة المزدحمة بسبب الازدحام المروري الشديد.

to tailor
to tailor
[فعل]

to customize or modify something to fit an individual or market's specific preferences

تعديل, تخصيص

تعديل, تخصيص

Ex: The company offers services to tailor software solutions based on client needs. 

تقدم الشركة خدمات لتخصيص حلول البرمجيات بناءً على احتياجات العميل.

to yield
to yield
[فعل]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

ينتج, يعطي

ينتج, يعطي

Ex: Through sustainable farming practices, the organic garden yielded a diverse array of vegetables throughout the growing season. 
pest
pest
[اسم]

an insect or small animal that destroys or damages crops, food, etc.

آفة, حشرة ضارة

آفة, حشرة ضارة

Ex: Farmers use natural predators to reduce the number of pests. 

يستخدم المزارعون الحيوانات المفترسة الطبيعية لتقليل عدد الآفات.

pathogen
pathogen
[اسم]

any organism that can cause diseases

ممرض, عامل ممرض

ممرض, عامل ممرض

Ex: The pathogen responsible for malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. 

ينتقل الممرض المسؤول عن الملاريا إلى البشر عن طريق لدغة بعوضة مصابة.

to ease
to ease
[فعل]

to reduce the severity or seriousness of something unpleasant

يخفف, يقلل

يخفف, يقلل

Ex: The therapist used relaxation techniques to ease the anxiety of her patient before the interview. 
procedure
procedure
[اسم]

a particular set of actions conducted in a certain way

إجراء, طريقة

إجراء, طريقة

Ex: She carefully followed the procedure for setting up the new software system to avoid errors. 
to seek
to seek
[فعل]

to make an effort to achieve or obtain something

يبحث, يسعى

يبحث, يسعى

Ex: She sought to reach the top of her profession by gaining experience. 
spread
spread
[اسم]

a haphazard distribution in all directions

انتشار, توزيع عشوائي

انتشار, توزيع عشوائي

Ex: The accident resulted in a scattered spread of broken glass. 
vigorous
vigorous
[صفة]

having strength and good mental or physical health

قوي, نشيط

قوي, نشيط

Ex: The vigorous athlete completed the marathon with determination and stamina. 

أكمل الرياضي النشيط الماراثون بعزيمة وقدرة على التحمل.

outbreak
outbreak
[اسم]

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

تفشي, وباء

تفشي, وباء

Ex: The scientist studied the outbreak to understand its cause and spread. 
mature
mature
[صفة]

having reached full physical growth or natural development

ناضج,  بالغ

ناضج, بالغ

Ex: Mature eagles have different plumage from younger birds. 
to thin
to thin
[فعل]

to reduce the density of something

تخفيف, تقليل الكثافة

تخفيف, تقليل الكثافة

Ex: The hairdresser thinned her client's hair to remove excess bulk. 
seedling
seedling
[اسم]

a young plant that develops from a seed, typically in the early stages of growth after germination

شتلة, نبتة صغيرة

شتلة, نبتة صغيرة

Ex: Gardeners monitor the growth of seedlings to ensure they are ready for outdoor conditions. 

يراقب البستانيون نمو الشتلات للتأكد من أنها جاهزة للظروف الخارجية.

to establish
to establish
[فعل]

to make something stable, secure, or permanent in a specific place or position

يؤسس, يثبت

يؤسس, يثبت

Ex: The explorers established a camp near the river. 
forester
forester
[اسم]

a specialist in managing, conserving, and cultivating forests and their resources

حراجي

حراجي

Ex: The landowner consulted a forester about restoring native tree species. 
to leave
to leave
[فعل]

to cause something to remain as a result

ترك, جعل شيء يبقى كنتيجة

ترك, جعل شيء يبقى كنتيجة

Ex: The accident left him unable to work. 
young
young
[صفة]

in the initial phase of existence or development

شاب, ناشئ

شاب, ناشئ

Ex: The organization is still young and developing quickly. 
point
point
[اسم]

a precise or identifiable position within a continuum, sequence, or process

نقطة, مرحلة

نقطة, مرحلة

Ex: The project is now at the final point of completion. 
two-tier
two-tier
[صفة]

(of systems, structures, or arrangements) divided into two distinct parts or groups

مستويين, ثنائي

مستويين, ثنائي

Ex: The two-tier system allowed students to choose between a basic and advanced course. 

سمح النظام المستويين للطلاب بالاختيار بين دورة أساسية ومتقدمة.

harvest
harvest
[اسم]

the time of year when ripe crops are gathered

حصاد

حصاد

Ex: Long working days are common during harvest. 
to come in
to come in
[فعل]

to arrive at a certain stage or point in a process

يصل, يتقدم

يصل, يتقدم

Ex: The rainfall is expected to come in later tonight. 

من المتوقع أن يأتي المطر في وقت لاحق من الليلة.

to spread out

to distribute something among different time periods or individuals

توزيع, نشر

توزيع, نشر

Ex: Rather than eating a large meal at once, nutritionists recommend spreading out your food intake throughout the day for better digestion. 

بدلاً من تناول وجبة كبيرة دفعة واحدة، يوصي خبراء التغذية بتوزيع تناول الطعام على مدار اليوم من أجل هضم أفضل.

thinning
thinning
[اسم]

the act of diluting something

تخفيف, تمديد

تخفيف, تمديد

deadwood
deadwood
[اسم]

a branch or a part of a tree that is dead

خشب ميت, فرع ميت

خشب ميت, فرع ميت

removal
removal
[اسم]

the act or process of taking someone or something away from a place, position, or situation

إزالة,  إبعاد

إزالة, إبعاد

Ex: Residents demanded the removal of the abandoned vehicles. 
to center on
to center on
[فعل]

to have someone or something as the main subject, concern, or focus

يتمحور حول, يركز على

يتمحور حول, يركز على

Ex: Questions are now centering on the company's leadership. 
retention
retention
[اسم]

the act of keeping something that one already has

الاحتفاظ, الحفاظ

الاحتفاظ, الحفاظ

to classify
to classify
[فعل]

to arrange people or things into groups according to shared characteristics or qualities

Ex: Daniel found it difficult to classify the unusual plant. 
nutrient
nutrient
[اسم]

a chemical element or inorganic compound that green plants absorb and incorporate into their organic molecules to support growth and metabolism

مُغَذِّي, مَادَّة مُغَذِّيَة

مُغَذِّي, مَادَّة مُغَذِّيَة

Ex: Mycorrhizal associations boost nutrient absorption by expanding the root network's access to otherwise immobile ions such as iron. 

تعزز الارتباطات الفطرية الجذرية امتصاص المغذيات من خلال توسيع وصول شبكة الجذور إلى أيونات غير متحركة بطريقة أخرى مثل الحديد.

to cycle
to cycle
[فعل]

to go through a complete series of events or stages in a cyclical or repetitive manner

يدور في دورة, يمر بدورة

يدور في دورة, يمر بدورة

Ex: The system cycles through several operating modes. 
soil
soil
[اسم]

the black or brownish substance consisted of organic remains, rock particles, and clay that forms the upper layer of earth where trees or other plants grow

تربة, أرض

تربة, أرض

Ex: The forest floor was covered in a thick layer of fertile soil. 
cavity
cavity
[اسم]

a natural empty space or hollow area inside the body

تجويف, فراغ

تجويف, فراغ

Ex: The heart sits inside a chest cavity. 

يقع القلب داخل تجويف الصدر.

predator
predator
[اسم]

an animal that hunts, kills, and eats other animals

Ex: A small fish may become prey for a larger marine predator. 
woodpecker
woodpecker
[اسم]

a bird with a drill-like beak that makes holes in trees in search of insects to feed on

نقار الخشب, طائر يحفر في الأشجار

نقار الخشب, طائر يحفر في الأشجار

mammal
mammal
[اسم]

a warm-blooded vertebrate animal whose females produce milk to feed their young and that typically has hair or fur

Ex: The researchers recorded several mammal species in the forest. 
resilience
resilience
[اسم]

the ability to recover from difficult situations

المرونة

المرونة

Ex: Children often display resilience when facing challenges, such as adjusting to a new school or making new friends. 

غالبًا ما يُظهر الأطفال المرونة عند مواجهة التحديات، مثل التكيف مع مدرسة جديدة أو تكوين صداقات جديدة.

hawthorn
hawthorn
[اسم]

a shrub or small tree of the family of rose with small red fruits

الزعرور, الشوك

الزعرور, الشوك

to stay behind

to remain in a location while others depart

البقاء في الخلف, البقاء في المكان

البقاء في الخلف, البقاء في المكان

Ex: The dedicated volunteer stayed behind at the shelter to help with feeding and caring for the animals after visiting hours ended. 

بقي المتطوع المتفاني في الملجأ للمساعدة في إطعام الحيوانات ورعايتها بعد انتهاء ساعات الزيارة.

structural
structural
[صفة]

relating to or concerned with the morphology of plants and animals

هيكلي, شكلي

هيكلي, شكلي

diversity
diversity
[اسم]

the state of including or containing many different types, characteristics, or elements

Ex: The survey revealed a wide diversity of opinions among employees. 
reference
reference
[اسم]

a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea

مرجع, اقتباس

مرجع, اقتباس

Ex: The movie included a reference to a famous scene from an older film. 
aspect
aspect
[اسم]

a defining or distinctive feature of something

جانب, خاصية

جانب, خاصية

Ex: Learning a new language involves understanding every aspect of its grammar. 
to contribute

to be one of the causes or reasons that helps something happen

يساهم, يسهم

يساهم, يسهم

Ex: His hard work contributed to the project's success. 
worth
worth
[اسم]

the assigned or estimated value of something, without necessarily specifying a particular quantity or amount

قيمة

قيمة

Ex: The program demonstrated its worth by improving efficiency. 
to mention
to mention
[فعل]

to say something about someone or something, without giving much detail

يذكر, يشير إلى

يذكر, يشير إلى

Ex: In her speech, the speaker will mention the importance of community engagement. 
potential
potential
[صفة]

having the possibility to develop or be developed into something particular in the future

محتمل, قادر

محتمل, قادر

Ex: She noticed potential flaws in the design and suggested improvements. 
to run
to run
[فعل]

to cause engines or machines to operate, function, or perform their designated tasks

تشغيل, تشغيل

تشغيل, تشغيل

Ex: She ran the dishwasher after dinner. 
alternative
alternative
[صفة]

available as an option for something else

بديل, احتياطي

بديل, احتياطي

Ex: There are alternative treatments available for this condition. 
to generate
to generate
[فعل]

to cause or give rise to something

يولد, ينتج

يولد, ينتج

Ex: The innovative research generated new insights into the treatment of cancer. 
across
across
[حرف جر]

during a period of time

عبر, خلال

عبر, خلال

Ex: His thoughts were relevant across the course of history. 

كانت أفكاره ذات صلة على مدار التاريخ.

range
range
[اسم]

a variety of things that are different but are of the same general type

مجموعة,  نطاق

مجموعة, نطاق

Ex: The exhibit showcased a range of artwork, including paintings, sculptures, and photography. 
creature
creature
[اسم]

any living thing that is able to move on its own, such as an animal, fish, etc.

مخلوق, كائن حي

مخلوق, كائن حي

Ex: Biologists study the behavior and ecology of creatures in their natural habitats to better understand their roles in ecosystems and inform conservation efforts. 
to name
to name
[فعل]

to specify or list something by giving its name

سمّى, عيّن

سمّى, عيّن

Ex: The librarian named the books required for the course: "To Kill a Mockingbird," "1984," and "The Great Gatsby." 
nota bene
nota bene
[اسم]

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

نوتا بيني, لاحظ جيدا

نوتا بيني, لاحظ جيدا

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