Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - Navegación social y patrones de comportamiento

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human behavior

[Sustantivo]

the way people act or respond, especially in social, emotional, or psychological situations

comportamiento humano, conducta humana

Ex: The book explains the biology behind human behavior.El libro explica la biología detrás del **comportamiento humano**.

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conformity

[Sustantivo]

the act of adhering to established norms, protocols, and standardized behaviors within a social system or institution

conformidad

Ex: The new regulation enforced conformity across all departments .La nueva regulación impuso la **conformidad** en todos los departamentos.

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mindset

[Sustantivo]

a set of attitudes, beliefs, or a mental disposition that influences how a person interprets and responds to situations

mentalidad, actitud

Ex: Changing one 's mindset can have a profound impact on personal and professional development .Cambiar la **mentalidad** puede tener un impacto profundo en el desarrollo personal y profesional.

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obedience

[Sustantivo]

the action of respecting or following the instructions of someone in authority

obediencia

Ex: The monks took vows of poverty , chastity , and obedience to their abbot .Los monjes tomaron votos de pobreza, castidad y **obediencia** a su abad.

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peer group

[Sustantivo]

a set of individuals of similar age, status, or background with whom one interacts or identifies

grupo de pares, círculo de iguales

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to come up against

[Verbo]

to face a difficult situation, obstacle, or opponent

enfrentarse a, toparse con

Ex: They came up against legal obstacles that delayed the launch.**Se toparon** con obstáculos legales que retrasaron el lanzamiento.

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to constitute

[Verbo]

to contribute to the structure or makeup of something

constituir

Ex: The distinct architectural styles and historical landmarks constitute the city 's unique identity .Los distintos estilos arquitectónicos y los monumentos históricos **constituyen** la identidad única de la ciudad.

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to take one's word for it

[Frase]

to believe what someone says without needing further proof

Ex: The tour guide mentioned that the hike was challenging but rewarding, and we took their word for it and embarked on the adventure.

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to cope

[Verbo]

to handle a difficult situation and deal with it successfully

aguantar, afrontar

Ex: Couples may attend counseling sessions to cope with relationship difficulties and improve communication .Las parejas pueden asistir a sesiones de consejería para **afrontar** las dificultades en la relación y mejorar la comunicación.

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to draw a line between

[Frase]

to clearly distinguish between two things, especially to separate similar ideas, actions, or categories

Ex: Teachers often struggle to draw a line between discipline and punishment.

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to establish

[Verbo]

to prove the fact of a situation

determinar

Ex: The medical tests were conducted to establish the cause of the patient 's symptoms .Las pruebas médicas se realizaron para **establecer** la causa de los síntomas del paciente.

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survival

[Sustantivo]

the state in which a person manages to stay alive or strong despite dangers or difficulties

supervivencia, sobrevivencia

Ex: The book tells a powerful story of survival against overwhelming odds .El libro cuenta una historia poderosa de **supervivencia** contra probabilidades abrumadoras.

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to drive

[Verbo]

to be the influencing factor that causes something to make progress

impulsar, conducir

Ex: Entrepreneurship and small businesses have been driving local economic development .El emprendimiento y las pequeñas empresas han **impulsado** el desarrollo económico local.

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mainstream

[Sustantivo]

the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people

corriente dominante

Ex: His views were considered outside the mainstream of political thought .Sus puntos de vista se consideraban fuera del **corriente principal** del pensamiento político.

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to mistake

[Verbo]

to incorrectly think someone or something is a different person or thing

confundir, tomar por

Ex: I mistook the sound of the phone for the doorbell.**Confundí** el sonido del teléfono con el del timbre.

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to shape

[Verbo]

to exert a significant influence on the development, nature, or outcome of something

moldear, influir

Ex: Political ideologies and policies can shape the socioeconomic landscape of a nation and its citizens ' lives .Las ideologías y políticas políticas pueden **dar forma** al panorama socioeconómico de una nación y a la vida de sus ciudadanos.

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conscious

[Adjetivo]

aware of and responsive to one's surroundings

consciente

Ex: She was conscious of the people around her as she walked through the busy city streets .El conductor estaba **consciente** y alerta a pesar del accidente.

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means

[Sustantivo]

a way, system, object, etc. through which one can achieve a goal or accomplish a task

medio

Ex: Art can be a means of expressing complex emotions and ideas .El arte puede ser un **medio** para expresar emociones e ideas complejas.

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to undergo

[Verbo]

to experience or endure a process, change, or event

someterse a, padecer

Ex: Students are undergoing intensive training for the upcoming competition .Los estudiantes **están sometiéndose** a un entrenamiento intensivo para la próxima competencia.

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vested interest

[Sustantivo]

a personal reason for involvement in a situation, especially when connected to financial or other gain

interés personal, interés creado

Ex: Politicians often protect their own vested interests.Los políticos a menudo protegen sus **intereses creados**.

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craze

[Sustantivo]

a temporary enthusiasm or infatuation for a particular thing or activity

moda, furor

Ex: Every few years , there seems to be a new craze in fashion that everyone follows .Cada pocos años, parece haber una nueva **moda** en la moda que todos siguen.

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to tackle

[Verbo]

to try to deal with a difficult problem or situation in a determined manner

abordar, confrontar

Ex: Governments worldwide are tackling climate change through various initiatives .Los gobiernos de todo el mundo **abordan** el cambio climático a través de diversas iniciativas.

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wake-up call

[Sustantivo]

a warning or event that draws attention to a problem and shows that action must be taken, especially when something has been neglected

una llamada de atención, una advertencia

Ex: The defeat was a wake-up call for the team to improve .La derrota fue una **llamada de atención** para que el equipo mejorara.

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counterargument

[Sustantivo]

an opposing argument or viewpoint that challenges an idea or theory

contraargumento

Ex: The professor encouraged students to consider counterarguments to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the topic .El profesor animó a los estudiantes a considerar **contraargumentos** para desarrollar una comprensión más completa del tema.

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to sway

[Verbo]

to encourage someone to do or believe something

influir en, influenciar

Ex: He sought to sway the team 's decision by presenting a compelling vision for the future .Buscó **influir** en la decisión del equipo presentando una visión convincente del futuro.

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to settle in

[Verbo]

to become familiar and at ease in a new environment

instalarse, adaptarse

Ex: The initial nervousness disappeared as they began to settle in and explore their new surroundings .El nerviosismo inicial desapareció cuando comenzaron a **adaptarse** y explorar su nuevo entorno.

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outsider

[Sustantivo]

a person who is not a member of a particular group, society, etc.

persona de afuera

Ex: Despite years working there , he was still treated as an outsider by the old guard .A pesar de años trabajando allí, todavía era tratado como un **forastero** por la vieja guardia.

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queue

[Sustantivo]

a line in which people or vehicles wait for a particular purpose

cola

Ex: There was a queue outside the popular restaurant , with people eager to get a table .Había una **cola** fuera del restaurante popular, con gente ansiosa por conseguir una mesa.

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Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced)

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