Cambridge IELTS 19 - آکادمیک - آزمون 4 - شنیدن - بخش 4 (3)

a group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a given area

very important and necessary

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

to increase the speed of movement; to move faster

to help or support the progress or development of something

the process of new growth returning after something has been removed, damaged, or lost

used to introduce differences between two things or people

the larger part or number of a given set or group

to yield or produce, especially in reference to fruit or flowers

throughout the entire year, without any interruption

able to be trusted to perform consistently well and meet expectations

to spread or distribute something widely over an area

the elimination of fecal waste through the anus

to seek information or advice from someone, especially before making a decision or doing something

the cognitive process of reaching a decision

a tropical tree or shrub bearing fruit that germinates while still on the tree and having numerous prop roots that eventually form an impenetrable mass and are important in land building

the action or process of causing significant damage to something, rendering it unable to exist or continue in its normal state

the fact or state of having a regular paid job

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

to pay someone to do a job

to attend to the needs, safety, and happiness of someone or something

to cause something to occur

getting something back again

related to or adapted for living or functioning in water

protection against harm or danger

something that poses danger or the possibility of harm

the fact or presence of water covering a part of land that is typically dry

remaining constant or steady over time

the most important thing that is said or done which highlights the purpose of something

to think about something carefully before making a decision or forming an opinion

able to continue for a long period of time

to build something upon a certain foundation or principle, or to use it as a starting point for further growth or development

(of measurements, information, etc.) free from errors and matching facts

to expose someone or something to potential harm or risk

a range of things or people with the same general features but different in some details

used before providing an example

a person, animal, or tool that spreads things like seeds, particles, or substances over a wide area

relating to Madagascar, its people, culture, language, etc.

being in good condition and free from disease or damage