pattern

Alaptudományok - Kémia

Tanulmányozza a kémiai összetétellel, vegyületekkel, oldatokkal, savakkal, bázisokkal, anyagtulajdonságokkal és laboratóriumi folyamatokkal kapcsolatos kifejezéseket.

Áttekintés

Villámkártyák

Betűzés

Kvíz

Indítsa el a tanulást
Words Related to Basic Sciences
chemical
chemical
[Főnév]

(chemistry) a substance used in or produced by a reaction that changes atoms or molecules

vegyszer

vegyszer

Ex: The factory released toxic chemicals into the nearby river. 
composition
composition
[Főnév]

the parts or elements that something consists of and the way they are combined

összetétel,  kompozíció

összetétel, kompozíció

Ex: The composition of the committee changed after the election. 
compound
compound
[Főnév]

a pure substance formed from two or more chemical elements chemically bonded in fixed proportions

vegyület

vegyület

Ex: Scientists identified several organic compounds in the sample. 
organic
organic
[melléknév]

derived from, produced by, or relating to living organisms

szerves,  biológiai

szerves, biológiai

Ex: The sample contained a large amount of organic material. 
inorganic
inorganic
[melléknév]

describing chemical compounds that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and are typically derived from minerals or non-living matter

szervetlen

szervetlen

Ex: Metals like iron and copper are examples of inorganic elements crucial for industrial applications. 

Az olyan fémek, mint a vas és a réz, példák az ipari alkalmazások szempontjából döntő fontosságú szervetlen elemekre.

solvent
solvent
[Főnév]

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

oldószer, solvens

oldószer, solvens

Ex: Water is the universal solvent, capable of dissolving more substances like salt and sugar than any other liquid. 

A víz az egyetemes oldószer, amely több anyagot, például sót és cukrot képes feloldani, mint bármely más folyadék.

solute
solute
[Főnév]

a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a solution

oldott anyag, solut

oldott anyag, solut

Ex: When sugar (sucrose) is added to coffee, sugar serves as the solute that dissolves in the coffee, the solvent. 

Amikor a cukor (szacharóz) hozzáadódik a kávéhoz, a cukor az oldott anyagként (oldott anyag) szolgál, amely feloldódik a kávéban, az oldószerben.

soluble
soluble
[melléknév]

(of a substance) able to break up and disperse within a fluid

oldható

oldható

Ex: Salt disassociates into ions when dissolved, making it completely soluble in aquatic solutions. 

A só ionokra disszociál, amikor feloldódik, teljesen oldhatóvá téve a vizes oldatokban.

insoluble
insoluble
[melléknév]

unable to be dissolved, especially in a liquid

oldhatatlan, nem oldódó

oldhatatlan, nem oldódó

Ex: Despite stirring, the powder remained insoluble. 

A keverés ellenére a por oldhatatlan maradt.

solution
solution
[Főnév]

a mixture of different liquids

oldat, keverék

oldat, keverék

Ex: Solutions can vary in concentration, depending on the amount of each liquid used. 
isotope
isotope
[Főnév]

each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, leading to variation in atomic mass

izotóp, izotóp forma

izotóp, izotóp forma

Ex: Deuterium and tritium are isotopes of hydrogen, distinguished by their different numbers of neutrons. 

A deutérium és a trícium a hidrogén izotópjai, amelyeket a neutronok különböző száma különböztet meg.

alloy
alloy
[Főnév]

a combination of two or more metals, creating a metal that is usually stronger or more resistant

ötvözet

ötvözet

Ex: Brass, which is an alloy of copper and zinc, is commonly used in plumbing fixtures and musical instruments. 

A sárgaréz, amely réz és cink ötvözete, általában vízvezeték szerelvényekben és hangszeres hangszerekben használatos.

alcohol
alcohol
[Főnév]

a compound with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom, widely used as solvents, fuels, and in pharmaceutical and chemical synthesis

alkohol, etanol

alkohol, etanol

Ex: Ethylene glycol is an alcohol commonly used in antifreeze and as a coolant. 
petroleum
petroleum
[Főnév]

(chemistry) a dark liquid from underground, made of hydrocarbons, used to make fuel and plastic

kőolaj

kőolaj

Ex: The country's economy depends heavily on petroleum exports. 
salt
salt
[Főnév]

(chemistry) a compound made when the hydrogen in an acid is replaced by a metal or a metal-like group

só

só

Ex: Many salts dissolve easily in water to form conductive solutions. 
bronze
bronze
[Főnév]

a hard alloy consisting mainly of copper and tin

bronz

bronz

Ex: Bronze was widely used for weapons and tools in ancient societies. 
steel
steel
[Főnév]

a type of hard metal that is made of a mixture of iron and carbon, used in construction of buildings, vehicles, etc.

acél, kemény fém

acél, kemény fém

Ex: The bridge is made of steel and concrete. 
graphite
graphite
[Főnév]

(chemistry) a soft, gray-black form of carbon used as a lubricant and as a moderator in nuclear reactors

grafit,  grafit

grafit, grafit

Ex: The engineer applied graphite to the gears to reduce friction. 
metal
metal
[Főnév]

a usually solid and hard substance that heat and electricity can move through, such as gold, iron, etc.

fém

fém

Ex: Gold is a precious metal valued for its rarity and beauty. 
metallic
metallic
[melléknév]

made of or resembling metal

fém, fémies

fém, fémies

Ex: The futuristic robot was constructed with metallic components, making it durable and resilient. 

A futurisztikus robot fém alkatrészekből készült, ami tartóssá és rugalmassá teszi.

sulfite
sulfite
[Főnév]

(chemistry) a salt or ester of sulfurous acid used as a preservative in foods and wines

szulfit

szulfit

Ex: Many wines contain sulphite to inhibit spoilage and oxidation. 
pH
pH
[Főnév]

a numerical measure of how acidic or basic a solution is, based on hydrogen-ion activity

pH,  hidrogénion-kitevő

pH, hidrogénion-kitevő

Ex: Most plants grow best when the soil pH stays within a suitable range. 
alkali
alkali
[Főnév]

any water-soluble compound that can turn litmus blue and reacts with an acid to form a salt and water

alkáli, bázis

alkáli, bázis

Ex: Alkalis like potassium carbonate are used to neutralize acids in chemistry labs. 

Az olyan alkálik mint a kálium-karbonátot a savak semlegesítésére használják a kémiai laboratóriumokban.

base
base
[Főnév]

(chemistry) a substance that can accept protons, donate electrons, or release hydroxide ions in aqueous solution

bázis

bázis

Ex: Antacids contain weak bases to neutralize stomach acid. 
acid
acid
[Főnév]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

sav, savas anyag

sav, savas anyag

Ex: Vinegar is an example of a weak acid known as acetic acid, which is commonly used in cooking and cleaning. 
acidity
acidity
[Főnév]

the level of acid in a substance, often measured by a pH below 7

savasság, savszint

savasság, savszint

Ex: The acidity of the water increased after the rain. 

A víz savassága megnőtt az eső után.

amphoteric
amphoteric
[melléknév]

(chemistry) able to act as either an acid or a base depending on the conditions

amfoter, amfoterikus

amfoter, amfoterikus

Ex: The amphoteric compound neutralized both acidic and basic spills in the lab. 
corrosion
corrosion
[Főnév]

the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction, usually of metals

korrózió

korrózió

Ex: Regular maintenance is necessary to prevent corrosion and extend the lifespan of metal structures. 

A rendszeres karbantartás szükséges a korrózió megelőzésére és a fémszerkezetek élettartamának meghosszabbítására.

to distill

to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it

desztillál, tisztít desztillálással

desztillál, tisztít desztillálással

Ex: The essential oils have been distilled from various aromatic plants. 

Az illóolajokat különféle aromás növényekből desztillálták.

mole
mole
[Főnév]

a fundamental unit in chemistry that represents the amount of substance containing as many entities (atoms, molecules) as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12

mól, anyagmennyiség

mól, anyagmennyiség

Ex: The molar mass of glucose is about 180 grams per mole. 
to precipitate

(chemistry) to become separated from the solvent in a solid form

kicsapódik

kicsapódik

Ex: The experiment involved mixing two solutions to observe whether a solid would precipitate out of the reaction. 

A kísérlet két oldat összekeverését foglalta magában, hogy megfigyeljék, vajon egy szilárd anyag kiválik-e a reakcióból.

volatile
volatile
[melléknév]

having a tendency to change rapidly and unpredictably, often characterized by fluctuations or instability

ingatag, instabil

ingatag, instabil

Ex: The chemical compound is volatile and needs to be handled with care. 

A vegyület illékony és óvatosan kell kezelni.

buffer
buffer
[Főnév]

a solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid, which maintains a stable pH when small amounts of acid or base are added

puffer, pufferoldat

puffer, pufferoldat

Ex: Buffers are crucial in biological systems to maintain the pH necessary for enzyme activity. 

A pufferek létfontosságúak a biológiai rendszerekben az enzimaktivitáshoz szükséges pH fenntartásához.

ammonia
ammonia
[Főnév]

a solution of ammonia gas dissolved in water, commonly called aqueous ammonia

ammónialé,ammóniaoldat

ammónialé,ammóniaoldat

Ex: Aqueous ammonia is less pungent than gaseous ammonia. 

Vizes ammónia kevésbé szúrós, mint a gáz halmazállapotú ammónia.

to dissolve

to become incorporated into a liquid and form a solution

feloldódik,  oldódik

feloldódik, oldódik

Ex: The tablet should dissolve completely within a few minutes. 
LanGeek
LanGeek alkalmazás letöltése