pattern

Spójniki - Spójniki Przyczyny i Celu

Te spójniki wyjaśniają powód, dla którego coś się wydarzyło, lub cel, który ktoś miał na myśli, robiąc coś.

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Categorized English Conjunctions
for
for
[Spójnik]

used to introduce reasons, explanations, or purposes for actions, events, or statements

bo,  ponieważ

bo, ponieważ

Ex: She went to bed early, for she had an important meeting in the morning. 
being
being
[Spójnik]

used to introduce a reason, cause, or explanation for the main clause

ponieważ, gdyż

ponieważ, gdyż

Ex: Being as he was feeling unwell, he decided to stay home. 
given that
given that
[Spójnik]

used to express that one is considering a particular fact before sharing one's opinion or making a judgment

biorąc pod uwagę,  że

biorąc pod uwagę, że

Ex: Given that it was raining heavily, we decided to postpone the picnic. 
so that
so that
[Spójnik]

used to expresse purpose or intention, explaining the reason behind the main clause

żeby,  aby

żeby, aby

Ex: She studied hard so that she could pass the exam. 
when
when
[Spójnik]

used to provide a reason or explanation for the main clause

kiedy

kiedy

Ex: I don't understand why we need to rush when we still have plenty of time to finish the project. 
lest
lest
[Spójnik]

used to indicate a precaution or attempt to avoid a particular undesirable outcome

aby nie, żeby uniknąć

aby nie, żeby uniknąć

Ex: She covered the plants with plastic, lest they freeze in the cold weather. 
now
now
[Spójnik]

used to indicate a result or outcome related to what has just been said or happened

teraz gdy, skoro

teraz gdy, skoro

Ex: Now that you've finished your work, you can take a break. 
in order that
in order that
[Spójnik]

used to indicate that something is done with the aim of achieving a specific outcome

aby, żeby

aby, żeby

Ex: I left a note on the door in order that you would know I stopped by your house. 
on the grounds that

used to give the reason for something

z powodu,  że

z powodu, że

Ex: He refused the invitation on the grounds that he was too busy. 
on the assumption that

used to introduce a condition that is considered as the basis for a particular action or decision

zakładając,  że

zakładając, że

Ex: We proceeded with the project on the assumption that the funding would be approved. 
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