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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Академический - Тест 4 - Чтение - Отрывок 3 (2)

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
influence
influence
[существительное]

a mental factor that impacts actions or decisions

влияние, воздействие

влияние, воздействие

Ex: Peer pressure is a strong influence on teenage behavior. 
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to advance
to advance
[глагол]

to help something progress or succeed

продвигать

продвигать

Ex: The student diligently studied each day to advance their understanding of the subject. 
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contact
contact
[существительное]

an individual with whom one has established a professional or personal relationship, typically for the purpose of obtaining information, assistance, etc.

контакт, связь

контакт, связь

Ex: He reached out to his contacts in the industry to help him find a new job. 
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study
study
[существительное]

a room in a house where a person reads or writes something

кабинет комната

кабинет комната

Ex: My grandfather spends hours in his study, surrounded by books and papers. 
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observation
observation
[существительное]

a fact or piece of information gathered by noticing or watching something carefully

наблюдение, замечание

наблюдение, замечание

Ex: His observations have proven to be critical in solving the case. 
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extensive
extensive
[прилагательное]

covering a wide range, indicating thoroughness or comprehensiveness

обширный, исчерпывающий

обширный, исчерпывающий

Ex: She did extensive research for her thesis, reading many books and articles. 
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speculation
speculation
[существительное]

the creation of theories or opinions about something with no fact or proof

спекуляции, предположение

спекуляции, предположение

Ex: The stock market is often influenced by speculation about future trends. 
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parallel
parallel
[прилагательное]

having a comparable nature, structure, or function to something else

параллельный, похожий

параллельный, похожий

Ex: Their experiences in different countries were surprisingly parallel. 
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biographer
biographer
[существительное]

someone who writes the story about the events of someone's life

биограф

биограф

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accurate
accurate
[прилагательное]

(of measurements, information, etc.) free from errors and matching facts

точный

точный

Ex: The scientist presented an accurate report based on years of research. 
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to [take] shape
to take shape
[фраза]

to develop into a recognizable or distinct form or structure

принимать форму, обретать форму

принимать форму, обретать форму

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to evolve
to evolve
[глагол]

to develop from a simple form to a more complex or sophisticated one over an extended period

эволюционировать

эволюционировать

Ex: The Internet has evolved from a basic communication tool to a complex network of information. 
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firmly
firmly
[наречие]

in a resolute, determined, or unwavering manner, often indicating certainty or strength of conviction

твердо, решительно

твердо, решительно

Ex: She firmly believes that honesty is the best policy. 
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to [be] of the opinion that

to believe something to be the case

Иметь определенную веру

Иметь определенную веру

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sense
sense
[существительное]

an overall, conscious recognition or understanding of a situation, feeling, or environment

чувство, ощущение

чувство, ощущение

Ex: She had the sense of being a political outsider. 
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apparent
apparent
[прилагательное]

seeming to be true but not necessarily

очевидный, мнимый

очевидный, мнимый

Ex: The apparent solution to the problem turned out to be ineffective. 
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retrospectively
retrospectively
[наречие]

considering things from a past point of view

ретроспективно, задним числом

ретроспективно, задним числом

Ex: The team analyzed the project retrospectively to identify areas for improvement. 
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happenstance
happenstance
[существительное]

an event that happens by chance, especially a fortunate one

случайность

случайность

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coherent
coherent
[прилагательное]

logical and consistent, forming a unified and clear whole, especially in arguments, theories, or policies

последовательный

последовательный

Ex: The plot of the novel was coherent, with all the events and characters contributing to a unified storyline. 
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narrative
narrative
[существительное]

a way of telling a story or explaining a situation to support a particular view or goal

повествование, нарратив

повествование, нарратив

Ex: The politician's speech crafted a narrative that highlighted the benefits of the new policy. 
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to dispute
to dispute
[глагол]

to doubt a fact or to call its truth into question

оспаривать

оспаривать

Ex: He disputed the accuracy of the witness's testimony, claiming it was unreliable. 
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to defend
to defend
[глагол]

to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

отстаивать, защищать

отстаивать, защищать

Ex: She worked hard to defend her research against critics in the academic community. 
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respected
respected
[прилагательное]

admired and valued by others for one's qualities, achievements, or actions

уважаемый

уважаемый

Ex: He was a respected elder in the community, known for his wisdom and compassion. 
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publication
publication
[существительное]

a printed work, such as a book, magazine, etc. that is publicly distributed

издание

издание

Ex: The library has a collection of rare publications from the 19th century. 
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to rely on
to rely on
[глагол]

to depend on someone or something for support and assistance

полагаться на, зависеть от

полагаться на, зависеть от

Ex: The company relies on its dedicated employees to succeed. 
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range
range
[существительное]

a variety of things that are different but are of the same general type

диапазон

диапазон

Ex: The store offers a wide range of electronics, from smartphones to laptops. 
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modest
modest
[прилагательное]

relatively moderate, limited, or small in scope, size, or amount

небольшой

небольшой

Ex: They made a modest investment in the project. 
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vast
vast
[прилагательное]

extremely great in extent, size, or area

обширный

обширный

Ex: The explorers marveled at the vast desert stretching endlessly before them. 
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record-breaking
record-breaking
[прилагательное]

surpassing anything that has been done before, particularly beyond any previous record

рекордсмен, рекордсменка

рекордсмен, рекордсменка

Ex: The athlete set a record-breaking time in the marathon. 
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debate
debate
[существительное]

a discussion about a particular issue between two opposing sides, mainly held publicly

дискуссия

дискуссия

Ex: The candidates participated in a televised debate to present their views on economic policy. 
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hazardous
hazardous
[прилагательное]

presenting danger or threat, particularly to people's health or safety

опасный

опасный

Ex: The hazardous chemicals should be handled with care to avoid accidents. 
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perspective
perspective
[существительное]

a specific manner of considering something

перспектива

перспектива

Ex: From a historical perspective, the Renaissance marked a period of great cultural advancement. 
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desirable
desirable
[прилагательное]

worth doing or having

желательный

желательный

Ex: The job offer came with a desirable salary and benefits package. 
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to indicate
to indicate
[глагол]

to mention or express something in few words

упоминать, выражать

упоминать, выражать

Ex: She indicated her preference for Italian cuisine when choosing a restaurant for dinner. 
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particularly
particularly
[наречие]

to a degree that is higher than usual

особенно

особенно

Ex: The restaurant is particularly busy on Friday nights. 
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ambitious
ambitious
[прилагательное]

trying or wishing to gain great success, power, or wealth

амбициозный

амбициозный

Ex: Always the ambitious student, she dreamed of attending a top university and then establishing her own global enterprise. 
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to adopt
to adopt
[глагол]

to accept, embrace, or incorporate a particular idea, practice, or belief into one's own behavior or lifestyle

принимать, перенимать

принимать, перенимать

Ex: The organization currently adopts eco-friendly policies to reduce its carbon footprint. 
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to doubt
to doubt
[глагол]

to not believe or trust in something's truth or accuracy

сомневаться

сомневаться

Ex: She began to doubt her decision after receiving conflicting advice. 
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to ensure
to ensure
[глагол]

to make sure that something will happen

убеждаться

убеждаться

Ex: She ensures the quality of the products before they are shipped. 
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sufficient
sufficient
[прилагательное]

having enough of something to meet a particular need or requirement

достаточный, адекватный

достаточный, адекватный

Ex: He had saved a sufficient amount of money to purchase the new computer. 
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guide
guide
[существительное]

a person who leads or advises others on the way to go

гид, наставник

гид, наставник

Ex: Her mentor was a guide, offering wisdom during tough decisions. 
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to [make] sense
to make sense
[фраза]

to be understandable in a way that is reasonable

Было понятно

Было понятно

Ex: Her explanation didn't make sense to me; I couldn't understand why she made that decision. 
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to urge
to urge
[глагол]

to strongly recommend something

призывать

призывать

Ex: The safety inspector urged caution when handling hazardous materials in the workplace. 
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interruption
interruption
[существительное]

an abrupt event that stops or disrupts something in progress

прерывание, перебой

прерывание, перебой

Ex: The power outage caused an interruption in the middle of her online meeting. 
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change of mind
change of mind
[существительное]

a decision to reverse an earlier decision

изменение решения, перемена мнения

изменение решения, перемена мнения

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renewed
renewed
[прилагательное]

restored to a new condition

обновлённый, восстановленный

обновлённый, восстановленный

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to entail
to entail
[глагол]

to require or involve certain actions, conditions, or consequences as a necessary part of a situation or decision

предполагать, влечь за собой

предполагать, влечь за собой

Ex: Completing the project on time entails working overtime if necessary. 
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to publish
to publish
[глагол]

to produce a newspaper, book, etc. for the public to purchase

издавать, печатать

издавать, печатать

Ex: The company published a new novel last month. 
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exception
exception
[существительное]

a person or thing that does not follow a general rule or is excluded from a class or group

исключение

исключение

Ex: The school generally does not allow cell phones in class, but there is an exception for students with special needs. 
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