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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 4 - Pagbasa - Talata 3 (2)

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Test 4 - Pagbasa - Passage 3 (2) sa Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic coursebook, upang matulungan kang maghanda para sa iyong IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
influence
[Pangngalan]

a mental factor that impacts actions or decisions

impluwensya, epekto

impluwensya, epekto

Ex: Educational experiences often serve as a major influence on career choices .Ang mga karanasan sa edukasyon ay madalas na nagsisilbing isang malaking **impluwensya** sa mga pagpipilian sa karera.
to advance
[Pandiwa]

to help something progress or succeed

umunlad, itaguyod

umunlad, itaguyod

Ex: The nonprofit 's mission was to advance social justice by addressing systemic issues .Ang misyon ng nonprofit ay **isulong** ang hustisyang panlipunan sa pamamagitan ng pagtugon sa mga sistemang isyu.
contact
[Pangngalan]

an individual with whom one has established a professional or personal relationship, typically for the purpose of obtaining information, assistance, etc.

kontak, relasyon

kontak, relasyon

Ex: John 's uncle , who works at a major law firm , has been a valuable contact for him in his legal career .Ang tiyo ni John, na nagtatrabaho sa isang malaking law firm, ay naging isang mahalagang **kontak** para sa kanya sa kanyang legal na karera.
study
[Pangngalan]

a room in a house where a person reads or writes something

silid-aralan,  aklatan

silid-aralan, aklatan

Ex: Her study is organized with shelves lined with textbooks and reference materials .Ang kanyang **silid-aralan** ay organisado na may mga istante na puno ng mga aklat at sanggunian.
observation
[Pangngalan]

a fact or piece of information gathered by noticing or watching something carefully

pagmamasid, puna

pagmamasid, puna

Ex: Her observations during the field study revealed unexpected patterns in animal behavior .Ang kanyang **mga obserbasyon** sa panahon ng field study ay nagbunyag ng hindi inaasahang mga pattern sa pag-uugali ng hayop.
extensive
[pang-uri]

covering a wide range, indicating thoroughness or comprehensiveness

malawak, masaklaw

malawak, masaklaw

Ex: Her extensive criminal background was revealed during the routine background check .Ang kanyang **malawak** na kriminal na background ay nahayag sa panahon ng routine background check.
speculation
[Pangngalan]

the creation of theories or opinions about something with no fact or proof

haka-haka

haka-haka

Ex: Speculation about the upcoming election results sparked lively discussions .Ang **haka-haka** tungkol sa mga resulta ng darating na eleksyon ay nagdulot ng masiglang talakayan.
parallel
[pang-uri]

having a comparable nature, structure, or function to something else

magkatulad, kahawig

magkatulad, kahawig

Ex: The economic trends of these regions have been largely parallel over the last decade .Ang mga trend ng ekonomiya ng mga rehiyon na ito ay higit na **magkatulad** sa nakaraang dekada.
biographer
[Pangngalan]

someone who writes the story about the events of someone's life

biyograpo

biyograpo

accurate
[pang-uri]

(of measurements, information, etc.) free from errors and matching facts

tumpak,  wasto

tumpak, wasto

Ex: The historian ’s account of the war was accurate, drawing from primary sources .Ang salaysay ng istoryador tungkol sa digmaan ay **tumpak**, batay sa mga pangunahing sanggunian.
to take shape
[Parirala]

to develop into a recognizable or distinct form or structure

to evolve
[Pandiwa]

to develop from a simple form to a more complex or sophisticated one over an extended period

umunlad, magbago

umunlad, magbago

Ex: Scientific theories evolve as new evidence and understanding emerge .Ang mga teoryang pang-agham ay **umuunlad** habang lumilitaw ang bagong ebidensya at pag-unawa.
firmly
[pang-abay]

in a resolute, determined, or unwavering manner, often indicating certainty or strength of conviction

matatag, buong tapang

matatag, buong tapang

Ex: The government firmly enforced the new regulations to ensure compliance .Ang pamahalaan ay **matatag** na ipinatupad ang mga bagong regulasyon upang matiyak ang pagsunod.

to believe something to be the case

sense
[Pangngalan]

an overall, conscious recognition or understanding of a situation, feeling, or environment

pakiramdam, damdamin

pakiramdam, damdamin

Ex: He could n't shake the sense that something bad was about to happen .Hindi niya maalis ang **pakiramdam** na may masamang mangyayari.
apparent
[pang-uri]

seeming to be true but not necessarily

halata, parang

halata, parang

Ex: Her apparent disinterest was just because she was tired .Ang kanyang **maliwanag** na kawalang-interes ay dahil lang siya ay pagod.
retrospectively
[pang-abay]

considering things from a past point of view

sa pagtingin sa nakaraan, pagkatapos ng pangyayari

sa pagtingin sa nakaraan, pagkatapos ng pangyayari

Ex: The policy changes were implemented retrospectively to address past issues .Ang mga pagbabago sa patakaran ay ipinatupad **nang retroaktibo** upang tugunan ang mga nakaraang isyu.
happenstance
[Pangngalan]

an event that happens by chance, especially a fortunate one

pagkakataon, happenstance

pagkakataon, happenstance

coherent
[pang-uri]

logical and consistent, forming a unified and clear whole, especially in arguments, theories, or policies

magkakaugnay, lohikal

magkakaugnay, lohikal

Ex: The professor gave a coherent explanation of the theory , tying everything together .Ang propesor ay nagbigay ng **magkakaugnay** na paliwanag ng teorya, na pinag-uugnay ang lahat.
narrative
[Pangngalan]

a way of telling a story or explaining a situation to support a particular view or goal

salaysay, pagsasalaysay

salaysay, pagsasalaysay

Ex: Activists used a compelling narrative to advocate for social change .Gumamit ang mga aktibista ng isang nakakahimok na **salaysay** para itaguyod ang pagbabago sa lipunan.
to dispute
[Pandiwa]

to doubt a fact or to call its truth into question

makipagtalo, pagdudahan

makipagtalo, pagdudahan

Ex: They disputed the company 's assertion that they had breached the contract .Tinutulan nila ang pahayag ng kumpanya na sila ay lumabag sa kontrata.
to defend
[Pandiwa]

to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

ipagtanggol, suportahan

ipagtanggol, suportahan

Ex: The writer ’s latest book aims to defend her controversial views on social issues .Ang pinakabagong libro ng manunulat ay naglalayong **ipagtanggol** ang kanyang mga kontrobersyal na pananaw sa mga isyung panlipunan.
respected
[pang-uri]

admired and valued by others for one's qualities, achievements, or actions

iginagalang, pinahahalagahan

iginagalang, pinahahalagahan

Ex: The respected teacher earned admiration from students and colleagues alike for her dedication and expertise .Ang **iginagalang** na guro ay nakakuha ng paghanga mula sa mga mag-aaral at kasamahan dahil sa kanyang dedikasyon at kadalubhasaan.
publication
[Pangngalan]

a printed work, such as a book, magazine, etc. that is publicly distributed

paglalathala

paglalathala

Ex: The publication of the scandalous article caused an uproar .Ang **paglalathala** ng nakakasandal na artikulo ay nagdulot ng kaguluhan.
to rely on
[Pandiwa]

to depend on someone or something for support and assistance

umasa sa, dumepende sa

umasa sa, dumepende sa

Ex: As a hiker , you need to rely on proper gear for safety in the wilderness .Bilang isang hiker, kailangan mong **umasa sa** tamang kagamitan para sa kaligtasan sa gubat.
range
[Pangngalan]

a variety of things that are different but are of the same general type

saklaw,  iba't ibang uri

saklaw, iba't ibang uri

Ex: The company produces a range of products , from household appliances to personal care items .Ang kumpanya ay gumagawa ng isang **saklaw** ng mga produkto, mula sa mga gamit sa bahay hanggang sa mga item ng personal na pangangalaga.
modest
[pang-uri]

rather small in amount, extent, size, value, etc.

katamtaman, maliit

katamtaman, maliit

Ex: She wore a modest dress to the event , which was both elegant and understated .Suot niya ang isang **simple** na damit sa event, na parehong eleganteng at hindi masyadong maingay.
vast
[pang-uri]

extremely great in extent, size, or area

malawak, napakalaki

malawak, napakalaki

Ex: From the top of the mountain , they could see the vast valley below , dotted with tiny villages .Mula sa tuktok ng bundok, nakita nila ang **malawak** na lambak sa ibaba, na may maliliit na nayon.
record-breaking
[pang-uri]

surpassing anything that has been done before, particularly beyond any previous record

pamumukod-tangi, hindi pa nagagawa dati

pamumukod-tangi, hindi pa nagagawa dati

Ex: The film had a record-breaking opening weekend at the box office .Ang pelikula ay nagkaroon ng **record-breaking** opening weekend sa box office.
debate
[Pangngalan]

a discussion about a particular issue between two opposing sides, mainly held publicly

debate

debate

Ex: The debate over healthcare reform continues to be a contentious issue in politics .Ang **debate** tungkol sa reporma sa pangangalagang pangkalusugan ay patuloy na isang kontrobersyal na isyu sa politika.
hazardous
[pang-uri]

presenting danger or threat, particularly to people's health or safety

mapanganib, nakasasama

mapanganib, nakasasama

Ex: The hazardous materials spillage required immediate evacuation of the area .Ang pagtagas ng mga materyal na **mapanganib** ay nangangailangan ng agarang paglikas sa lugar.
perspective
[Pangngalan]

a specific manner of considering something

pananaw, perspektibo

pananaw, perspektibo

Ex: The documentary provided a global perspective on climate change and its impact .Ang dokumentaryo ay nagbigay ng isang pandaigdigang **pananaw** sa pagbabago ng klima at epekto nito.
desirable
[pang-uri]

worth doing or having

kanais-nais, kaakit-akit

kanais-nais, kaakit-akit

Ex: The new smartphone boasted many desirable features , including a high-resolution camera and long battery life .Ang bagong smartphone ay may maraming **kanais-nais** na mga tampok, kabilang ang isang high-resolution camera at mahabang buhay ng baterya.
to indicate
[Pandiwa]

to mention or express something in few words

banggitin, ipahayag

banggitin, ipahayag

Ex: The weather forecast indicated a chance of rain later in the day .Ang weather forecast ay **nagpakita** ng posibilidad ng ulan mamaya sa araw.
particularly
[pang-abay]

to a degree that is higher than usual

lalo na, partikular

lalo na, partikular

Ex: The new employee was particularly skilled at problem-solving .Ang bagong empleyado ay **lalo na** mahusay sa paglutas ng problema.
ambitious
[pang-uri]

trying or wishing to gain great success, power, or wealth

mapangarapin,  ambisyoso

mapangarapin, ambisyoso

Ex: His ambitious nature led him to take on challenging projects that others deemed impossible , proving his capabilities time and again .Ang kanyang **mapangarapin** na kalikasan ang nagtulak sa kanya na tanggapin ang mga proyektong puno ng hamon na itinuturing ng iba na imposible, na patuloy na nagpapatunay ng kanyang kakayahan.
to adopt
[Pandiwa]

to accept, embrace, or incorporate a particular idea, practice, or belief into one's own behavior or lifestyle

tanggapin, yakapin

tanggapin, yakapin

Ex: Many individuals adopt a minimalist lifestyle to promote sustainabilityMaraming indibidwal ang **nag-aampon** ng isang minimalistang pamumuhay upang itaguyod ang pagpapanatili.
to doubt
[Pandiwa]

to not believe or trust in something's truth or accuracy

magduda, alinlangan

magduda, alinlangan

Ex: It 's common to doubt the reliability of information found on the internet .Karaniwan ang **pag-aalinlangan** sa pagiging maaasahan ng impormasyong makikita sa internet.
to ensure
[Pandiwa]

to make sure that something will happen

siguraduhin, garantiyahin

siguraduhin, garantiyahin

Ex: The captain ensured the safety of the passengers during the storm .**Tiniyak** ng kapitan ang kaligtasan ng mga pasahero sa panahon ng bagyo.
sufficient
[pang-uri]

having enough of something to meet a particular need or requirement

sapat, angkop

sapat, angkop

Ex: The evidence presented in court was deemed sufficient to convict the defendant .Ang ebidensyang ipinakita sa korte ay itinuring na **sapat** upang hatulan ang nasasakdal.
guide
[Pangngalan]

a person who leads or advises others on the way to go

gabay, mentor

gabay, mentor

Ex: The experienced sailor was a guide for the crew during the storm .Ang bihasang mandaragat ay isang **gabay** para sa mga tauhan sa panahon ng bagyo.
to make sense
[Parirala]

to be understandable in a way that is reasonable

Ex: It makes sense to save money for emergencies rather than spending it all at once.
to urge
[Pandiwa]

to strongly recommend something

himukin, mahigpit na irekomenda

himukin, mahigpit na irekomenda

Ex: The professor urged reflection on historical events to better understand contemporary social issues .**Hinikayat** ng propesor ang pagmumuni-muni sa mga pangyayaring pangkasaysayan upang mas maunawaan ang mga kasalukuyang isyung panlipunan.
interruption
[Pangngalan]

an abrupt event that stops or disrupts something in progress

pagputol, abala

pagputol, abala

Ex: Construction noise led to frequent interruptions in the office 's workday .Ang ingay ng konstruksyon ay nagdulot ng madalas na **pagkaantala** sa araw ng trabaho sa opisina.
change of mind
[Pangngalan]

a decision to reverse an earlier decision

pagbabago ng isip, pag-urong ng desisyon

pagbabago ng isip, pag-urong ng desisyon

renewed
[pang-uri]

restored to a new condition

binago, naibalik

binago, naibalik

to entail
[Pandiwa]

to require or involve certain actions, conditions, or consequences as a necessary part of a situation or decision

mangangailangan, kasangkot

mangangailangan, kasangkot

Ex: Pursuing a career in medicine entails years of studying and practical experience .Ang pagtahak sa karera sa medisina ay **nangangailangan** ng mga taon ng pag-aaral at praktikal na karanasan.
to publish
[Pandiwa]

to produce a newspaper, book, etc. for the public to purchase

ilathala, maglimbag

ilathala, maglimbag

Ex: The university press publishes academic journals regularly .Ang university press ay regular na **naglalathala** ng mga academic journal.
exception
[Pangngalan]

a person or thing that does not follow a general rule or is excluded from a class or group

pagkakataon, espesyal na kaso

pagkakataon, espesyal na kaso

Ex: The car insurance policy includes coverage for most damages, with the exception of those caused by natural disasters.Ang polisa ng insurance ng kotse ay may saklaw para sa karamihan ng mga pinsala, **maliban** sa mga dulot ng natural na mga sakuna.
Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademiko
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