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Cambridge IELTS 16 - Академический - Тест 4 - Чтение - Отрывок 3

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Cambridge IELTS 16 - Academic
divergence
divergence
[существительное]

a difference in interests, views, opinions, etc.

расхождение

расхождение

Ex: The political candidates showed a clear divergence in their views on healthcare. 
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faith
faith
[существительное]

complete confidence in a person or plan etc

вера, доверие

вера, доверие

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superiority
superiority
[существительное]

the quality of being superior

превосходство

превосходство

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projection
projection
[существительное]

an estimate or prediction based on past observations or data

предсказание

предсказание

Ex: The weather projection for tomorrow indicates rain. 
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distrust
distrust
[существительное]

a lack of belief or confidence in the truth or honesty of something or someone

недоверие, подозрительность

недоверие, подозрительность

Ex: His distrust of the information led him to seek other sources. 
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openness
openness
[существительное]

characterized by an attitude of ready accessibility (especially about one's actions or purposes); without concealment; not secretive

открытость, прозрачность

открытость, прозрачность

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stroke
stroke
[существительное]

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

инсульт

инсульт

Ex: A stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain either becomes blocked (ischemic stroke) or bursts (hemorrhagic stroke). 
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imagination
imagination
[существительное]

the ability to form mental images of things or events

воображение

воображение

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to forecast
to forecast
[глагол]

to predict future events, based on analysis of present data and conditions

прогнозировать

прогнозировать

Ex: Economists forecast a downturn in the stock market due to recent economic indicators. 
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reluctant
reluctant
[прилагательное]

not welcoming or willing to do something because it is undesirable

неохотный

неохотный

Ex: Despite his love for adventure, he was reluctant to try bungee jumping because of his fear of heights. 
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oncology
oncology
[существительное]

a branch of medical science that specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer

онкология

онкология

Ex: Oncology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer. 
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giant
giant
[существительное]

a business or organization that is exceptionally large and influential in its field

гигант, гигантская компания

гигант, гигантская компания

Ex: The tech giant announced its new innovative product line at the annual conference. 
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public relations
public relations
[существительное]

the process of presenting a favorable public image of a person, firm, or institution

связи с общественностью

связи с общественностью

Ex: The company's public relations team worked tirelessly to manage the fallout from the recent scandal. 
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to deliver
to deliver
[глагол]

to provide or supply something that was expected or promised

доставлять, предоставлять

доставлять, предоставлять

Ex: They promise to deliver excellent customer service. 
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to account for
to account for
[глагол]

to represent a specific amount or portion of a whole

представлять, составлять

представлять, составлять

Ex: In our team, experienced professionals account for the majority of the workforce. 
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to interact
to interact
[глагол]

to communicate with others, particularly while spending time with them

взаимодействовать, общаться

взаимодействовать, общаться

Ex: In the workshop, participants were encouraged to interact with each other to foster collaboration. 
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on the one hand
on the one hand
[наречие]

used to introduce one aspect of a situation, often followed by a contrasting statement

С одной точки зрения

С одной точки зрения

Ex: On the one hand, the new policy promotes efficiency, but on the other hand, it may reduce employee morale. 
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guidance
guidance
[существительное]

help and advice about how to solve a problem, given by someone who is knowledgeable and experienced

руководство

руководство

Ex: The mentor provided invaluable guidance to the new employee, helping them navigate the intricacies of the job. 
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to coincide
to coincide
[глагол]

to be of the same or similar nature

соответствовать

соответствовать

Ex: Their interests in art and music coincide in many ways. 
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on the other (hand|)
on the other (hand)
[наречие]

used to introduce a contrasting aspect of a situation, especially when comparing it to a previous point

с другой стороны, в то же время

с другой стороны, в то же время

Ex: The job pays well; on the other hand, the hours are extremely long. 
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to generate
to generate
[глагол]

to create a new set of data by using a mathematical or logical process to transform an existing set of data

генерировать

генерировать

Ex: The computer program generates random numbers to simulate various scenarios in the statistical model. 
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to contradict
to contradict
[глагол]

(of pieces of evidence, facts, statements, etc.) to be opposite or very different in a way that it is impossible for all to be true at the same time

противоречить

противоречить

Ex: The witness's testimony contradicted the forensic evidence presented in court, leading to doubts about the accuracy of the case. 
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competent
competent
[прилагательное]

possessing the needed skills or knowledge to do something well

сведущий

сведущий

Ex: As a competent programmer, he was able to troubleshoot and fix the software bug quickly. 
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plausible
plausible
[прилагательное]

seeming believable or reasonable enough to be considered true

правдоподобный

правдоподобный

Ex: The detective found his alibi to be plausible, as several witnesses corroborated his story. 
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machine learning
machine learning
[существительное]

a branch of artificial intelligence where computers learn how to perform specific operations without previous instructions

машинное обучение

машинное обучение

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algorithm
algorithm
[существительное]

a finite sequence of well-defined, mathematical instructions for completing a specific task or solving a problem

алгоритм

алгоритм

Ex: The Euclidean algorithm is used to find the greatest common divisor of two integers. 
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consequently
consequently
[наречие]

used to indicate a logical result or effect

следовательно

следовательно

Ex: The team neglected to conduct thorough testing, and consequently, several critical errors emerged in the final product. 
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suspicion
suspicion
[существительное]

a feeling of doubt or mistrust towards someone or something, often without concrete evidence or proof

подозрение

подозрение

Ex: She had a suspicion that he was hiding something from her. 
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disbelief
disbelief
[существительное]

the state of not believing or accepting something as true or real

неверие, недоверие

неверие, недоверие

Ex: She stared in disbelief at the news. 
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outlandish
outlandish
[прилагательное]

unconventional or strange in a way that is striking or shocking

диковинный, чудной

диковинный, чудной

Ex: Her outlandish outfit, featuring mismatched patterns and extravagant accessories, turned heads at the formal event. 
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to stick to
to stick to
[глагол]

to continue doing something even though there are some hardships

придерживаться

придерживаться

Ex: The student stuck to her study schedule, even when exams seemed overwhelming. 
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expertise
expertise
[существительное]

high level of skill, knowledge, or proficiency in a particular field or subject matter

экспертиза,  мастерство

экспертиза, мастерство

Ex: The professor's expertise in neuroscience made her a respected authority in the field. 
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fairly
fairly
[наречие]

more than average, but not too much

довольно

довольно

Ex: I found the assignment fairly easy; I finished it in an hour. 
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technically
technically
[наречие]

with regard to technical skill and the technology available

технически

технически

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sense
sense
[существительное]

an overall, conscious recognition or understanding of a situation, feeling, or environment

чувство, ощущение

чувство, ощущение

Ex: She had the sense of being a political outsider. 
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instance
instance
[существительное]

a specific case or example of something

пример, образец

пример, образец

Ex: In this instance, the customer's complaint was resolved promptly by the manager. 
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acutely
acutely
[наречие]

with a sharp or steep angle

остро

остро

Ex: The mountain peak rose acutely against the sky. 
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disproportionate
disproportionate
[прилагательное]

not in proper relation or balance to something else

непропорциональный, несоразмерный

непропорциональный, несоразмерный

Ex: The punishment seemed disproportionate to the offense, as a simple mistake shouldn't warrant such severe consequences. 
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to emphasize
to emphasize
[глагол]

to give special attention or importance to something

подчеркнуть

подчеркнуть

Ex: Throughout her campaign speech, the candidate emphasized her plans for improving education and healthcare if elected. 
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foolproof
foolproof
[прилагательное]

designed or made to be impossible to fail or make a mistake, even by someone with little skill or knowledge

безошибочный

безошибочный

Ex: The step-by-step instructions provided a foolproof method for assembling the furniture. 
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to [run] deep
to run deep
[фраза]

(of a feeling, problem, or belief) to be really strong or troublesome due to having existed for a long time

иметь глубокие корни, сидеть глубоко

иметь глубокие корни, сидеть глубоко

Ex: The scars of war run deep in the hearts of the survivors, who still bear the physical and emotional wounds of conflict. 
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background
background
[существительное]

the details about someone's family, experience, education, etc.

происхождение

происхождение

Ex: During the interview, they asked about my educational background. 
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science fiction
science fiction
[существительное]

books, movies, etc. about imaginary things based on science

научная фантастика

научная фантастика

Ex: He enjoys reading science fiction novels set in distant galaxies. 
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automation
automation
[существительное]

the use of machines and computers in a production process that was formerly operated by people

автоматизация

автоматизация

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regardless of
regardless of
[предлог]

without taking into consideration or being influenced by a particular factor or condition

независимо от, не принимая во внимание

независимо от, не принимая во внимание

Ex: I'll be there tomorrow regardless of the weather. 
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to depict
to depict
[глагол]

to represent or show something or someone by a work of art

изображать

изображать

Ex: The painting depicts a serene landscape, with rolling hills and a tranquil river winding through the valley. 
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light
light
[существительное]

a specific perspective or aspect from which something is viewed or interpreted

освещение, перспектива

освещение, перспектива

Ex: Seeing the problem in a new light helped him find a solution. 
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cinematic
cinematic
[прилагательное]

having qualities or characteristics similar to those found in movies or cinema

кинематографический, фильмовый

кинематографический, фильмовый

Ex: The novel's descriptive prose created a cinematic experience for readers, vividly depicting scenes and characters. 
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to polarize
to polarize
[глагол]

to cause something or someone to split into opposing groups

поляризоваться

поляризоваться

Ex: Her speech will polarize the audience. 
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optimist
optimist
[существительное]

a person who expects good things to happen and is confident about the future

оптимист

оптимист

Ex: The optimist always believes that everything will work out in the end. 
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skeptic
skeptic
[существительное]

an individual who regularly questions and doubts the validity of ideas, beliefs, or information, particularly those that are commonly accepted

скептик

скептик

Ex: As a skeptic, Tom always seeks evidence before accepting any new scientific theory. 
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guarded
guarded
[прилагательное]

not displaying feelings or giving very much information

охраняемый

охраняемый

Ex: She remained guarded during the interview, revealing very little about her personal life. 
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biased
biased
[прилагательное]

having a preference or unfair judgment toward one side or viewpoint over others

предубежденный

предубежденный

Ex: The journalist's article was criticized for being biased towards a particular political party. 
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deep-rooted
deep-rooted
[прилагательное]

(of ideas, beliefs, or principles) firmly established and difficult to change

глубоко укоренившийся, прочно установленный

глубоко укоренившийся, прочно установленный

Ex: Her deep-rooted belief in equality guided her actions throughout her life. 
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tendency
tendency
[существительное]

an inclination or habit to act in a certain way

тенденция

тенденция

Ex: She has a tendency to bite her nails when nervous. 
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to represent
to represent
[глагол]

to show someone or something in a piece of art

изображать

изображать

Ex: The artist chose to represent the beauty of nature by painting a vibrant landscape filled with lush greenery and colorful flowers. 
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pertinently
pertinently
[наречие]

in a pertinent way

уместно,  соответствующим образом

уместно, соответствующим образом

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to serve
to serve
[глагол]

to be of use or help in fulfilling or accomplishing something

служить, быть полезным

служить, быть полезным

Ex: A large cardboard box will serve the purpose. 
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high-profile
high-profile
[прилагательное]

drawing a lot of public attention or interest

громкий

громкий

Ex: The high-profile trial captured media attention nationwide. 
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surveillance
surveillance
[существительное]

the act of monitoring a person or place, especially by the police

наблюдение

наблюдение

Ex: The police increased surveillance in the neighborhood after a series of burglaries. 
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disclosure
disclosure
[существительное]

the speech act of making something evident

раскрытие, разглашение

раскрытие, разглашение

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practice
practice
[существительное]

the act of applying or implementing an idea, theory, or plan into real-world actions or activities

практика

практика

Ex: The proposed solution seemed ideal in theory, but it faced several challenges in practice. 
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to modify
to modify
[глагол]

to make minor changes to something so that it is more suitable or better

модифицировать

модифицировать

Ex: The tailor often modifies dresses to ensure a perfect fit. 
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intricate
intricate
[прилагательное]

having many complex parts or details that make it difficult to understand or work with

запутанный

запутанный

Ex: The intricate design of the watch included tiny gears and delicate engravings. 
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workings
workings
[существительное]

the internal mechanism of a device

механизм, функционирование

механизм, функционирование

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to implement
to implement
[глагол]

to apply or utilize a device, tool, or method for a specific purpose

осуществлять, выполнять

осуществлять, выполнять

Ex: The chef implements a new cooking technique to enhance the flavor of the dish. 
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to justify
to justify
[глагол]

to provide a valid reason or explanation for an action, decision, or belief, usually something that others consider wrong

оправдать, обосновать

оправдать, обосновать

Ex: She had to justify her choice to pursue a career in the arts to her parents, emphasizing her passion and long-term goals. 
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phenomenon
phenomenon
[существительное]

an observable fact, event, or situation, often unusual or not yet fully explained

феномен, наблюдаемый факт

феномен, наблюдаемый факт

Ex: Northern lights are a spectacular natural phenomenon. 
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mistrustful
mistrustful
[прилагательное]

distrustful of others and skeptical of their intentions

недоверчивый, скептический

недоверчивый, скептический

Ex: The mistrustful colleague questioned the motives behind every decision made by the team. 
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to devote
to devote
[глагол]

to give one's time or commit oneself entirely to a certain matter, cause, or activity

посвящать, отдавать

посвящать, отдавать

Ex: He devoted several years of his life to researching renewable energy solutions. 
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excessive
excessive
[прилагательное]

beyond what is considered normal or socially acceptable

чрезмерный, избыточный

чрезмерный, избыточный

Ex: The amount of sugar in the cake was excessive, making it overly sweet. 
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subjective
subjective
[прилагательное]

based on or influenced by personal feelings or opinions rather than facts

субъективный

субъективный

Ex: The art critic's review was subjective, reflecting her personal taste rather than objective analysis. 
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portrayal
portrayal
[существительное]

the act of representing or depicting a character, role, or subject through speech, actions, and gestures in a dramatic performance

изображение

изображение

Ex: Her portrayal of the queen was praised for its emotional depth. 
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familiarity
familiarity
[существительное]

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

знание, знакомство

знание, знакомство

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consumer
consumer
[существительное]

someone who buys and uses services or goods

потребитель

потребитель

Ex: As a consumer, she prefers products that are eco-friendly and sustainable. 
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transparency report
transparency report
[существительное]

a public document that clearly shows what actions a company, group, or government has taken, often about data, rules, or decisions

отчет о прозрачности, документ о прозрачности

отчет о прозрачности, документ о прозрачности

Ex: The company released a transparency report on user data requests. 
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confirmation bias
confirmation bias
[существительное]

the tendency to focus on or believe information that supports what one already thinks, while ignoring information that goes against it

предвзятость подтверждения, склонность к подтверждению

предвзятость подтверждения, склонность к подтверждению

Ex: Confirmation bias can affect how someone judges evidence. 
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