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Cambridge IELTS 16 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 4 - Pagbasa - Talata 3

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Test 4 - Pagbasa - Passage 3 sa Cambridge IELTS 16 - Academic coursebook, upang matulungan kang maghanda para sa iyong IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 16 - Academic
divergence
[Pangngalan]

a difference in interests, views, opinions, etc.

pagkakaiba

pagkakaiba

Ex: The family 's religious divergence led to lively dinner table debates .Ang **pagkakaiba** ng relihiyon ng pamilya ay humantong sa masiglang mga debate sa hapag-kainan.
faith
[Pangngalan]

complete confidence in a person or plan etc

pananampalataya, tiwala

pananampalataya, tiwala

superiority
[Pangngalan]

the quality of being superior

kahigitan

kahigitan

projection
[Pangngalan]

an estimate or prediction based on past observations or data

proyeksyon, hula

proyeksyon, hula

Ex: Climate projections warn of increasing temperatures .Ang mga **projection** ng klima ay nagbabala sa pagtaas ng temperatura.
distrust
[Pangngalan]

a lack of belief or confidence in the truth or honesty of something or someone

kawalan ng tiwala, hinala

kawalan ng tiwala, hinala

Ex: Distrust in the media grew after several misleading reports .Ang **kawalan ng tiwala** sa media ay lumago pagkatapos ng ilang nakakalinlang na ulat.
openness
[Pangngalan]

characterized by an attitude of ready accessibility (especially about one's actions or purposes); without concealment; not secretive

pagiging bukas, kalinawan

pagiging bukas, kalinawan

stroke
[Pangngalan]

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

istrok, atake sa utak

istrok, atake sa utak

Ex: Common risk factors for stroke include high blood pressure , diabetes , high cholesterol , smoking , and obesity .Ang mga karaniwang risk factor para sa **stroke** ay kasama ang mataas na presyon ng dugo, diabetes, mataas na kolesterol, paninigarilyo, at obesity.
imagination
[Pangngalan]

the ability to form mental images of things or events

imahinasyon

imahinasyon

to forecast
[Pandiwa]

to predict future events, based on analysis of present data and conditions

hulaan, taya

hulaan, taya

Ex: The financial planner helps clients forecast their future financial needs and goals .Tumutulong ang financial planner sa mga kliyente na **hulaan** ang kanilang mga pangangailangan at layunin sa pananalapi sa hinaharap.
reluctant
[pang-uri]

not welcoming or willing to do something because it is undesirable

ayaw, walang ganang

ayaw, walang ganang

Ex: The dog was reluctant to enter the water , hesitating at the edge of the pool .Ang aso ay **walang ganang** pumasok sa tubig, nag-aatubili sa gilid ng pool.
oncology
[Pangngalan]

a branch of medical science that specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer

onkoloji

onkoloji

Ex: The oncology research center is dedicated to finding new treatments and therapies to improve outcomes for cancer patients and ultimately find a cure for the disease .Ang sentro ng pananaliksik sa **oncology** ay nakatuon sa paghahanap ng mga bagong paggamot at therapy upang mapabuti ang mga resulta para sa mga pasyente ng kanser at sa huli ay makahanap ng lunas sa sakit.
giant
[Pangngalan]

a business or organization that is exceptionally large and influential in its field

higante, malaking kumpanya

higante, malaking kumpanya

Ex: Despite being a publishing giant, the company still values small , independent authors .Sa kabila ng pagiging isang **giant** sa paglalathala, pinahahalagahan pa rin ng kumpanya ang maliliit, independiyenteng mga may-akda.
public relations
[Pangngalan]

the process of presenting a favorable public image of a person, firm, or institution

ugnayan sa madla

ugnayan sa madla

Ex: They hired a public relations firm to help boost their presence in the media and attract more clients .Kumuha sila ng isang **public relations** na kumpanya upang tulungan mapalakas ang kanilang presensya sa media at makaakit ng mas maraming kliyente.
to deliver
[Pandiwa]

to provide or supply something that was expected or promised

ihatid, magbigay

ihatid, magbigay

Ex: The contractor delivered on the renovation work , finishing ahead of schedule .Ang kontratista ay **naghatid** sa gawain ng renovasyon, natapos bago ang nakasaad na iskedyul.

to represent a specific amount or portion of a whole

kumatawan, bumubuo

kumatawan, bumubuo

Ex: The expenses related to marketing activities account for a substantial part of the overall budget .Ang mga gastos na may kaugnayan sa mga gawaing marketing ay **bumubuo** ng isang malaking bahagi ng kabuuang badyet.
to interact
[Pandiwa]

to communicate with others, particularly while spending time with them

makipag-ugnayan, makipag-usap

makipag-ugnayan, makipag-usap

Ex: He finds it easy to interact with new people at social events .Madali para sa kanya ang **makipag-ugnayan** sa mga bagong tao sa mga social event.
on the one hand
[pang-abay]

used to introduce one aspect of a situation, often followed by a contrasting statement

sa isang banda, sa isang panig

sa isang banda, sa isang panig

Ex: On the one hand, traveling abroad exposes you to new cultures and experiences , but on the other hand , it can be expensive and logistically challenging .**Sa isang banda**, ang paglalakbay sa ibang bansa ay naglalantad sa iyo sa mga bagong kultura at karanasan, ngunit sa kabilang banda, maaari itong maging mahal at mahirap sa aspeto ng logistics.
guidance
[Pangngalan]

help and advice about how to solve a problem, given by someone who is knowledgeable and experienced

gabay,  patnubay

gabay, patnubay

Ex: The career counselor offered guidance to job seekers , assisting them with resume writing , interview skills , and job search strategies .Nagbigay ang career counselor ng **gabay** sa mga naghahanap ng trabaho, tinutulungan sila sa pagsulat ng resume, mga kasanayan sa interbyu, at mga estratehiya sa paghahanap ng trabaho.
to coincide
[Pandiwa]

to be of the same or similar nature

magkasalubong, magkatugma

magkasalubong, magkatugma

Ex: Her views on education coincided with the new policy changes .Ang kanyang mga pananaw sa edukasyon ay **tumugma** sa mga bagong pagbabago sa patakaran.

used to introduce a contrasting aspect of a situation, especially when comparing it to a previous point

sa kabilang banda, sa ibang panig

sa kabilang banda, sa ibang panig

Ex: The plan could save money .On the other hand , it might risk quality .Ang plano ay maaaring makatipid ng pera. **Sa kabilang banda**, maaari itong magdulot ng panganib sa kalidad.
to generate
[Pandiwa]

to create a new set of data by using a mathematical or logical process to transform an existing set of data

bumuo

bumuo

Ex: By applying mathematical transformations , the mathematician generates a new set of data to test hypotheses .Sa pamamagitan ng paglalapat ng mga pagbabagong matematikal, ang matematiko ay **nakakagawa** ng bagong hanay ng data upang subukan ang mga hipotesis.
to contradict
[Pandiwa]

(of pieces of evidence, facts, statements, etc.) to be opposite or very different in a way that it is impossible for all to be true at the same time

salungat

salungat

Ex: Can you please clarify why your statement contradicts the information provided in the report ?Maaari mo bang linawin kung bakit **sumasalungat** ang iyong pahayag sa impormasyong ibinigay sa ulat?
competent
[pang-uri]

possessing the needed skills or knowledge to do something well

kompetente, may kakayahan

kompetente, may kakayahan

Ex: The pilot 's competent navigation skills enabled a smooth and safe flight despite adverse weather conditions .Ang **mahusay** na kasanayan sa pag-navigate ng piloto ay naging dahilan ng maayos at ligtas na paglipad sa kabila ng masamang kondisyon ng panahon.
plausible
[pang-uri]

seeming believable or reasonable enough to be considered true

kapani-paniwala, makatwiran

kapani-paniwala, makatwiran

Ex: The witness provided a plausible account of the events leading up to the accident , based on her observations .Ang saksi ay nagbigay ng isang **makatwirang** salaysay ng mga pangyayaring nagdulot ng aksidente, batay sa kanyang mga obserbasyon.
machine learning
[Pangngalan]

a branch of artificial intelligence where computers learn how to perform specific operations without previous instructions

pag-aaral ng makina, machine learning

pag-aaral ng makina, machine learning

algorithm
[Pangngalan]

a finite sequence of well-defined, mathematical instructions for completing a specific task or solving a problem

algoritmo

algoritmo

Ex: The Fast Fourier Transform ( FFT ) algorithm efficiently computes the discrete Fourier transform of a sequence or its inverse .Ang **algorithm** ng Mabilis na Fourier Transform (FFT) ay mahusay na nagkukwenta ng discrete Fourier transform ng isang sequence o ang kabaligtaran nito.
consequently
[pang-abay]

used to indicate a logical result or effect

dahil dito,  kaya

dahil dito, kaya

Ex: The company invested heavily in research and development , and consequently, they launched innovative products that captured a wider market share .Malaki ang ininvest ng kumpanya sa research and development, at **bilang resulta**, naglunsad sila ng mga makabagong produkto na nakakuha ng mas malaking bahagi ng merkado.
suspicion
[Pangngalan]

a feeling of doubt or mistrust towards someone or something, often without concrete evidence or proof

hinala,  pagdududa

hinala, pagdududa

Ex: The community was filled with suspicion about the new mayor ’s intentions .Ang komunidad ay puno ng **hinala** tungkol sa mga intensyon ng bagong alkalde.
disbelief
[Pangngalan]

the state of not believing or accepting something as true or real

kawalan ng paniniwala, hindi paniniwala

kawalan ng paniniwala, hindi paniniwala

Ex: The audience listened in disbelief to the strange claims .Nakinig ang madla sa mga kakaibang pahayag nang may **hindi paniniwala**.
outlandish
[pang-uri]

unconventional or strange in a way that is striking or shocking

kakaiba, di-pangkaraniwan

kakaiba, di-pangkaraniwan

Ex: The outlandish menu at the experimental restaurant featured avant-garde culinary creations that divided diners with their unconventional flavors .Ang **kakaiba** na menu sa eksperimental na restawran ay nagtatampok ng avant-garde na mga likha sa kulinerya na naghati sa mga kumakain sa kanilang hindi kinaugaliang mga lasa.
to stick to
[Pandiwa]

to continue doing something even though there are some hardships

manatili sa, magpatuloy sa

manatili sa, magpatuloy sa

Ex: The team stuck to their strategy , even when they were losing the game .Ang koponan ay **nanatili sa** kanilang estratehiya, kahit na sila ay natatalo sa laro.
expertise
[Pangngalan]

high level of skill, knowledge, or proficiency in a particular field or subject matter

kadalubhasaan,  kasanayan

kadalubhasaan, kasanayan

Ex: The lawyer 's expertise in contract law ensured that the legal agreements were thorough and enforceable .Ang **kadalubhasaan** ng abogado sa batas ng kontrata ay nagsiguro na ang mga legal na kasunduan ay lubusan at maipatutupad.
fairly
[pang-abay]

more than average, but not too much

medyo, hustong-husto

medyo, hustong-husto

Ex: The restaurant was fairly busy when we arrived .Medyo abala ang restawran nang dumating kami.
technically
[pang-abay]

with regard to technical skill and the technology available

sa teknikal na paraan

sa teknikal na paraan

sense
[Pangngalan]

an overall, conscious recognition or understanding of a situation, feeling, or environment

pakiramdam, damdamin

pakiramdam, damdamin

Ex: He could n't shake the sense that something bad was about to happen .Hindi niya maalis ang **pakiramdam** na may masamang mangyayari.
instance
[Pangngalan]

a specific case or example of something

kaso, halimbawa

kaso, halimbawa

Ex: Instances of plagiarism can result in serious consequences for students .**Mga halimbawa** ng plagiarism ay maaaring magresulta sa malubhang kahihinatnan para sa mga estudyante.
acutely
[pang-abay]

with a sharp or steep angle

na may matalim na anggulo, nang matalas

na may matalim na anggulo, nang matalas

Ex: The sculpture 's edges were acutely angled , creating dramatic shadows .Ang mga gilid ng iskultura ay **matalim** na anggulo, na lumilikha ng dramatikong mga anino.

not in proper relation or balance to something else

hindi proporsyonal, hindi balanse

hindi proporsyonal, hindi balanse

Ex: The amount of homework assigned by the teacher seemed disproportionate, leaving students overwhelmed with workload .Ang dami ng takdang-aralin na itinakda ng guro ay tila **hindi proporsyonal**, na nag-iiwan sa mga mag-aaral na labis na nabibigatan sa workload.
to emphasize
[Pandiwa]

to give special attention or importance to something

bigyang-diin, pagtuunan ng pansin

bigyang-diin, pagtuunan ng pansin

Ex: His use of silence in the speech emphasized the gravity of the situation , leaving the audience in contemplative silence .Ang kanyang paggamit ng katahimikan sa talumpati ay **nagbigay-diin** sa bigat ng sitwasyon, na nag-iwan sa madla sa isang mapagnilay na katahimikan.
foolproof
[pang-uri]

designed or made to be impossible to fail or make a mistake, even by someone with little skill or knowledge

hindi nagkakamali, garantisadong tagumpay

hindi nagkakamali, garantisadong tagumpay

Ex: They devised a foolproof plan to ensure the event would run smoothly despite unexpected challenges.Bumuo sila ng isang **hindi mabibigo** na plano upang matiyak na maayos na magaganap ang kaganapan sa kabila ng mga hindi inaasahang hamon.
to run deep
[Parirala]

(of a feeling, problem, or belief) to be really strong or troublesome due to having existed for a long time

Ex: The desire for freedom runs deep in the human spirit, a yearning for self-determination and the ability to live life on one's own terms.
background
[Pangngalan]

the details about someone's family, experience, education, etc.

Ex: Understanding your students ' backgrounds can help you teach them better .
science fiction
[Pangngalan]

books, movies, etc. about imaginary things based on science

kathang-isip na agham, KIA

kathang-isip na agham, KIA

Ex: The science fiction film was filled with advanced technology and alien life .Ang pelikulang **science fiction** ay puno ng advanced na teknolohiya at buhay extraterrestrial.
automation
[Pangngalan]

the use of machines and computers in a production process that was formerly operated by people

awtomasyon

awtomasyon

regardless of
[Preposisyon]

without taking into consideration or being influenced by a particular factor or condition

hindi alintana, nang hindi isinasaalang-alang

hindi alintana, nang hindi isinasaalang-alang

Ex: Regardless of the cost, they are determined to renovate their home.**Hindi alintana ang gastos**, determinado silang ayusin ang kanilang bahay.
to depict
[Pandiwa]

to represent or show something or someone by a work of art

ilarawan, ipakita

ilarawan, ipakita

Ex: The stained glass window in the church depicts religious scenes from the Bible .Ang stained glass window sa simbahan ay **naglalarawan** ng mga relihiyosong eksena mula sa Bibliya.
light
[Pangngalan]

a specific perspective or aspect from which something is viewed or interpreted

liwanag, pananaw

liwanag, pananaw

Ex: We need to consider the proposal in a more positive light.Kailangan nating isaalang-alang ang panukala sa isang mas positibong **liwanag**.
cinematic
[pang-uri]

having qualities or characteristics similar to those found in movies or cinema

sinematiko, pampelikula

sinematiko, pampelikula

Ex: The stage production used cinematic techniques , such as projection mapping , to enhance the visual spectacle .Ginamit ng produksyon sa entablado ang mga teknik na **sinematiko**, tulad ng projection mapping, upang mapahusay ang visual na palabas.
to polarize
[Pandiwa]

to cause something or someone to split into opposing groups

mag-polarize, maghati

mag-polarize, maghati

optimist
[Pangngalan]

a person who expects good things to happen and is confident about the future

optimista, taong optimista

optimista, taong optimista

Ex: Many people appreciate the optimist’s ability to uplift the mood .Maraming tao ang nagpapahalaga sa kakayahan ng **optimista** na pasiglahin ang mood.
skeptic
[Pangngalan]

an individual who regularly questions and doubts the validity of ideas, beliefs, or information, particularly those that are commonly accepted

skeptiko

skeptiko

Ex: He remained a skeptic, refusing to believe in UFO sightings without solid evidence .Nanatili siyang isang **skeptiko**, tumangging maniwala sa mga paglitaw ng UFO nang walang matibay na ebidensya.
guarded
[pang-uri]

not displaying feelings or giving very much information

maingat, prudenteng

maingat, prudenteng

Ex: The patient was initially guarded with the therapist but gradually opened up over time.Ang pasyente ay noong una ay **maingat** sa therapist ngunit unti-unting nagbukas sa paglipas ng panahon.
biased
[pang-uri]

having a preference or unfair judgment toward one side or viewpoint over others

may kinikilingan, hindi patas

may kinikilingan, hindi patas

Ex: It's important to consider multiple sources of information to avoid being biased in your conclusions.Mahalagang isaalang-alang ang maraming pinagmumulan ng impormasyon upang maiwasang maging **may kinikilingan** sa iyong mga konklusyon.
deep-rooted
[pang-uri]

(of ideas, beliefs, or principles) firmly established and difficult to change

malalim na nakatanim, matatag na naitatag

malalim na nakatanim, matatag na naitatag

Ex: The community ’s traditions are deep-rooted, passed down through generations .Ang mga tradisyon ng komunidad ay **malalim na nakaukit**, naipasa sa bawat henerasyon.
tendency
[Pangngalan]

a natural inclination or disposition toward a particular behavior, thought, or action

ugali, hilig

ugali, hilig

Ex: His tendency toward perfectionism slowed down the project .Ang kanyang **tendensya** sa pagiging perpeksiyonista ay nagpabagal sa proyekto.
to represent
[Pandiwa]

to show someone or something in a piece of art

kumatawan

kumatawan

Ex: The abstract painting represents the artist 's emotions with bold strokes and vibrant colors .Ang abstract painting ay **kumakatawan** sa mga emosyon ng artist na may matapang na mga stroke at makukulay na kulay.
pertinently
[pang-abay]

in a pertinent way

nang may kaugnayan,  sa angkop na paraan

nang may kaugnayan, sa angkop na paraan

to serve
[Pandiwa]

to be of use or help in fulfilling or accomplishing something

maglingkod, maging kapaki-pakinabang

maglingkod, maging kapaki-pakinabang

Ex: The meeting served its purpose by addressing all the issues on the agenda .Ang pulong ay **nagsilbi** sa layunin nito sa pamamagitan ng pagtugon sa lahat ng isyu sa agenda.
high-profile
[pang-uri]

drawing a lot of public attention or interest

kilalang-kilala, nakakaakit ng maraming atensyon ng publiko

kilalang-kilala, nakakaakit ng maraming atensyon ng publiko

Ex: The scandal involving a high-profile public figure dominated headlines for weeks , sparking intense public interest and debate .Ang iskandalang kinasasangkutan ng isang **kilalang** pampublikong pigura ay nangibabaw sa mga headline sa loob ng mga linggo, na nagdulot ng matinding interes at debate ng publiko.
surveillance
[Pangngalan]

the act of monitoring a person or place, especially by the police

pagmamanman, pagsusubaybay

pagmamanman, pagsusubaybay

Ex: The team set up surveillance at the suspect 's home to gather evidence .Ang koponan ay nag-set up ng **surveillance** sa bahay ng suspek upang mangalap ng ebidensya.
disclosure
[Pangngalan]

the speech act of making something evident

pagsisiwalat, paghahayag

pagsisiwalat, paghahayag

practice
[Pangngalan]

the act of applying or implementing an idea, theory, or plan into real-world actions or activities

pagsasagawa

pagsasagawa

Ex: His practice of the new exercise routine helped him achieve better fitness results .Ang kanyang **pagsasagawa** ng bagong routine ng ehersisyo ay nakatulong sa kanya na makamit ang mas mahusay na mga resulta sa fitness.
to modify
[Pandiwa]

to make minor changes to something so that it is more suitable or better

baguhin, ayusin

baguhin, ayusin

Ex: The teacher modified the lesson plan and saw positive results in student engagement .**Binago** ng guro ang plano ng aralin at nakakita ng positibong resulta sa pag-engganyo ng mga estudyante.
intricate
[pang-uri]

having many complex parts or details that make it difficult to understand or work with

masalimuot, detalyado

masalimuot, detalyado

Ex: The project required an intricate strategy to ensure its success .Ang proyekto ay nangangailangan ng isang **masalimuot** na estratehiya upang matiyak ang tagumpay nito.
workings
[Pangngalan]

the internal mechanism of a device

mekanismo, pagganap

mekanismo, pagganap

to implement
[Pandiwa]

to apply or utilize a device, tool, or method for a specific purpose

magpatupad, gumamit

magpatupad, gumamit

Ex: The researcher plans to implement a new experimental procedure to test the hypothesis .Plano ng mananaliksik na **ipatupad** ang isang bagong eksperimental na pamamaraan upang subukan ang hipotesis.
to justify
[Pandiwa]

to provide a valid reason or explanation for an action, decision, or belief, usually something that others consider wrong

bigyang-katwiran, ipagtanggol

bigyang-katwiran, ipagtanggol

Ex: The government had to justify the allocation of funds to a particular project by outlining its potential benefits for the community .Kinailangan ng gobyerno na **bigyang-katwiran** ang paglalaan ng pondo sa isang partikular na proyekto sa pamamagitan ng pagbalangkas ng mga potensyal na benepisyo nito para sa komunidad.
phenomenon
[Pangngalan]

an observable fact, event, or situation, often unusual or not yet fully explained

penomeno, napagmamasdang katotohanan

penomeno, napagmamasdang katotohanan

Ex: Earthquakes are natural phenomena that scientists continuously study.
mistrustful
[pang-uri]

distrustful of others and skeptical of their intentions

hindi mapagkakatiwalaan, naghihinala

hindi mapagkakatiwalaan, naghihinala

Ex: The mistrustful friend was reluctant to confide in others , fearing betrayal .Ang kaibigang **hindi mapagkatiwalaan** ay ayaw magtiwala sa iba, takot sa pagtataksil.
to devote
[Pandiwa]

to give one's time or commit oneself entirely to a certain matter, cause, or activity

ialay, italaga

ialay, italaga

Ex: The team will devote extra hours next week to meeting the project deadline .Ang koponan ay **maglalaan** ng karagdagang oras sa susunod na linggo upang matugunan ang deadline ng proyekto.
excessive
[pang-uri]

beyond what is considered normal or socially acceptable

labis, sobra

labis, sobra

Ex: The storm caused excessive damage to the property , far beyond what was expected .Ang bagyo ay nagdulot ng **labis** na pinsala sa ari-arian, higit pa sa inaasahan.
subjective
[pang-uri]

based on or influenced by personal feelings or opinions rather than facts

subhetibo, personal

subhetibo, personal

Ex: Their ranking system was too subjective, making it hard to measure fairness .Ang kanilang sistema ng pagraranggo ay masyadong **subjective**, na nagpapahirap sukatin ang pagiging patas.
portrayal
[Pangngalan]

the act of representing or depicting a character, role, or subject through speech, actions, and gestures in a dramatic performance

pagganap, paglalarawan

pagganap, paglalarawan

Ex: The teacher complimented her portrayal of Juliet during the school play .Pinuri ng guro ang kanyang **pagganap** bilang Juliet sa palabas ng paaralan.
familiarity
[Pangngalan]

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

kaalaman, pamilyaridad

kaalaman, pamilyaridad

consumer
[Pangngalan]

someone who buys and uses services or goods

konsumer, kliyente

konsumer, kliyente

Ex: Online reviews play a significant role in helping consumers make informed choices .Ang mga online review ay may malaking papel sa pagtulong sa mga **consumer** na gumawa ng mga informed na pagpipilian.

a public document that clearly shows what actions a company, group, or government has taken, often about data, rules, or decisions

ulat ng transparency, dokumento ng transparency

ulat ng transparency, dokumento ng transparency

Ex: The government shared a transparency report on surveillance.Ibinahagi ng gobyerno ang isang **transparency report** tungkol sa surveillance.
confirmation bias
[Pangngalan]

the tendency to focus on or believe information that supports what one already thinks, while ignoring information that goes against it

pagkiling sa kumpirmasyon, kinikilingan sa pagpapatunay

pagkiling sa kumpirmasyon, kinikilingan sa pagpapatunay

Ex: She only listened to opinions that matched her own, showing confirmation bias.Nakinig lamang siya sa mga opinyon na tumutugma sa kanyang sarili, na nagpapakita ng **kumpirmasyon bias**.
Cambridge IELTS 16 - Akademiko
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