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Наука ACT - Анатомія і генетика
Тут ви дізнаєтесь деякі англійські слова, пов’язані з анатомією та генетикою, такі як «трисомія», «алель», «сліпа кишка» тощо, які допоможуть вам покращити свої ACT.
Огляд
Картки
Правопис
Вікторина
a cell or organism containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes, typically denoted as n, representing half the genetic material of a diploid cell
гаплоїд
a family of transcription factors that play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to various stimuli
рання відповідь на ріст, рання реакція на ріст
(anatomy) the muscular body partition that separates the chest and abdomen
діафрагма
a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected
апендикс
relating to the intestines, which are part of the digestive system responsible for absorbing nutrients and removing waste from the body
кишковий, інтестинальний
the front part of the brain involved in higher cognition and executive functions
префронтальна кора, фронтальна кора
(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells
селезінка, орган селезінки
the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth
емаль, зубна емаль
(anatomy) a bone of the shoulder girdle that connects the breastbone to the shoulder bone
ключиця
(anatomy) a spiral cavity in the inner ear that contains sensory organs which send nerve signals to the brain in response to vibrations
равлик
the first part of the large intestine, located in the lower right abdomen
сліпа кишка, цекум
any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart
артерія
a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around
суглоб
the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body
хребет
(anatomy) a system of interconnected organs or tissues that perform a particular task in the body
тракт, система трактів
relating to the heart or the network of blood vessels encircling it
коронарний
related to the thyroid gland, a small organ in the neck that produces hormones affecting metabolism and growth
щитовидний, щитовидна
the bone that forms the ankle joint with the tibia and fibula, supporting the body's weight and allowing movement of the foot
талус
a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed
сечовий міхур
relating to processes and behaviors involved in the creation of offspring within a species
репродуктивний, репродуктивна
relating to the sense of touch or the ability to perceive objects by touch
тактильний, пов'язаний з відчуттям дотику
(anatomy) connected with the sensory part of the eye that sends signals to the brain, called retina
сітківковий, ретинальний
a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information
хромосома
the genetic makeup of an organism, determined by the combination of genes inherited from its parents
генотип
the observable physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype (genetic makeup) with the environment
фенотип
to receive traits or attributes from a previous generation through genetic inheritance
успадкувати, отримувати у спадок
to alter or change the genetic makeup of an organism through genetic engineering techniques
модифікувати, змінювати
the passing down of traits from one generation to another within a family
родовід, нащадок
a person from whom other offsprings are descended
предок, прародитель
(of an organism) having genetic material from another species that has been artificially introduced into its genome
трансгенний, генетично модифікований
a specialist in or student of the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes
генетик, фахівець з генетики
a visual display of an individual's chromosomes, used for genetic analysis and identifying abnormalities
кариотип
the practice of improving the genetic quality of a human population through selective breeding and other methods
евгеніка
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome
алель
(of a gene or trait) showing its specific appearance only when an individual inherits it from both parents
рецесивний, з рецесивною ознакою
(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome
доминантний, господствуючи
the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize functional gene products, such as proteins, which can influence an organism's traits
експресія генів, генетична експресія
a genetic condition in which an individual has three copies of a chromosome instead of the usual two
трисомія, трисомія 21 хромосоми
the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division
центромера
a DNA sequence that has the same order of nucleotides on each side of the complementary DNA strands
паліндром
the branch of genetics that studies the structure and function of chromosomes using microscopic and molecular techniques
цитогенетика
any chromosome that is not involved in determining sex, present in pairs in both males and females, and carrying most of an individual's genetic information
автосома, неспеціалізована хромосома
the process of introducing foreign DNA or RNA into eukaryotic cells to study gene function or manipulate gene expression
трансфекція
(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features
мутація, генетична зміна
