Complex Clusters with rĀ In American English

Complex Consonant Clusters with r

This drill focuses on three-consonant clusters (VCCC) that include the sound /r/. The simpler patterns in which /r/ appears are covered in a separate lesson. The clusters in the current lesson appear after vowels and include a variety of consonants. Practicing the sound /r/ in these combinations helps you gain control over transitions between the different consonants. All the words in this lesson include complex consonant clusters and as such might require extra practice. Repeat each one as many times as necessary to master the target sound combination.

Vowel + Three-Consonant Cluster

Short e + r + k + s → /ɜrks/

Example

jerks, clerks, lurks

a + r + k + s → /ɑrks/

Example

parks, marks, barks

o + r + k + s → /ɔrks/

Example

forks, corks, porks

Short e + r + k + t → /ɜrkt/

Example

worked, jerked, lurked

a + r + k + t → /ɑrkt/

Example

marked, parked, barked

o + r + k + t → /ɔrkt/

Example

forked, corked, porked

Short e + r + g + z → /ɜrgz/

Example

icebergs

Short e + r + j + d → /ɜrdŹ’d/

Example

urged, merged, verged

a + r + j + d → /ɑrdŹ’d/

Example

charged, barged, enlarged

o + r + j + d → /ɔrdŹ’d/

Example

forged, gorged

Short e + r + p + t → /ɜrpt/

Example

burped, chirped, slurped

a + r + p + t → /ɑrpt/

Example

harped, tarped, warped

a + r + p + s → /ɑrps/

Example

harps, tarps, warps

Short e + r + p + s → /ɜrps/

Example

burps, chirps, slurps

Short e + r + b + d → /ɜrbd/

Example

curbed, disturbed

a + r + b + d → /ɑrbd/

Example

barbed, garbed

Short e + r + b + z → /ɜrbz/

Example

curbs, herbs, verbs

a + r + b + z → /ɑrbz/

Example

barbs, garbs

Short e + r + v + d → /ɜrvd/

Example

curved, served

a + r + v + d → /ɑrvd/

Example

carved, starved

Short e + r + v + z → /ɜrvz/

Example

serves, nerves, curves

a + r + v + z → /ɑrvz/

Example

carves, starves

Short e + r + f + t → /ɜrft/

Example

turfed, surfed

o + r + f + t → /ɔrft/

Example

dwarfed, wharfed

a + r + f + t → /ɑrft/

Example

barfed

Short e + r + f + s → /ɜrfs/

Example

turfs, surfs

o + r + f + s → /ɔrfs/

Example

dwarfs, wharfs

a + r + f + s → /ɑrfs/

Example

barfs, scarfs

Short e + r + m + d → /ɛrmd/

Example

termed, firmed

a + r + m + d → /ɑrmd/

Example

armed, charmed, alarmed

o + r + m + d → /ɔrmd/

Example

formed, stormed

Short e + r + m + z → /ɜrmz/

Example

firms, terms, germs

a + r + m + z → /ɑrmz/

Example

arms, charms, alarms

o + r + m + z → /ɔrmz/

Example

forms, norms, dorms

Short e + r + n + d → /ɜrnd/

Example

turned, burned, churned

a + r + n + d → /ɑrnd/

Example

barned, yarned, darned

o + r + n + d → /ɔrnd/

Example

horned, mourned, adorned

Short e + r + n + z → /ɜrnz/

Example

earns, burns, turns

a + r + n + z → /ɑrnz/

Example

barns, yarns

o + r + n + z → /ɔrnz/

Example

horns, thorns, mourns

Short e + r + s + t → /ɜrst/

Example

burst, cursed, nursed

a + r + s + t → /ɑrs/

Example

parsed

o + r + s + t → /ɔrst/

Example

forced, horsed

Short e + r + d + z → /ɜrdz/

Example

birds, herds, nerds

a + r + d + z → /ɑrdz/

Example

cards, yards, bards

o + r + d + z → /ɔrdz/

Example

cords, lords, boards

Short e + r + t + s → /ɜrts/

Example

hurts, shirts

a + r + t + s → /ɑrts/

Example

parts, darts, carts

o + r + t + s → /ɔrts/

Example

courts, sorts, ports

Short e + r + th + s → /ɜrĪøs/

Example

earths, births

Short e + r + ch + t → /ɜrtʃt/

Example

perched, birched, searched

a + r + ch + t → /ɑrtʃt/

Example

marched, parched, starched

o + r + ch + t → /ɔrtʃt/

Example

torched, porched, scorched

Short e + r + l + d → /ɜrld/

Example

curled, hurled, whirled

a + r + l + d → /ɑrld/

Example

snarled, gnarled

Short e + r + l + z → /ɜrlz/

Example

curls, hurls, whirls

a + r + l + z → /ɑrlz/

Example

snarls, gnarls

Sentence Drills

Example

Burned cords marked paths across the farms.

Armed guards marched past parked trucks.

Warm herbs cured burned hands after the accident with torched woods.

Curved forms served strange purposes in the art class.

Starved birds searched frozen fields beside the burned barns.

Burned scarves and curved cords covered the frozen carts.

Forged parts and merged boards filled the room.

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