LoginAdverbs of Manner
Discover the rules for using adverbs of manner, like 'gracefully', 'efficiently', and 'clearly'. Detailed explanations and a quiz to test your knowledge.
Adverbs of Manner: Structure
Adverbs of manner can often be formed from adjectives by adding the suffix '-ly'. For example:
quick + -ly → quickly
easy + -ly → easily
quiet + -ly → quietly
When forming adverbs, there can be some changes in the spelling. For example, when an adjective ends in -y we have to change the -y to '-i' and then add -ly:
easy + -ly → easily
happy + -ly → happily
angry + -ly → angrily
If the adjective already has as -ly in the end, we use the phrase in a (...) way/manner to form an adverbial of manner. Pay attention to the examples:
brotherly → in a brotherly manner
He treats his relatives in a brotherly manner.
silly → in a silly way
She behaved in a silly way last night.
deadly → in a deadly way
He stared at his opponent in a deadly way.
Some adverbs of manner have the same form as their corresponding adjectives. These adverbs are called flat adverbs, bare adverbs, or simple adverbs.
hard
She worked hard on that project.
late
Can you stay late?
early
I arrived early.
fast
Our son is growing up fast.
high
He kicked the ball high.
Warning
Some adjectives have different meanings when they are modified by the '-ly' suffix to become adverbs of manner. For example:
hardly
lately
highly
I was so shocked I could hardly speak.
'Hardly' as an adverb means barely or only just.
What have you been doing lately?
As an adverb, 'lately' means recently or in the recent past.
He's a highly successful athlete.
As an adverb, 'highly' means very or to a great extent.
Adverbs of Manner: Placement
Adverbs of manner are usually placed:
after the main verb and or its object or object phrase
between the auxiliary and the main verb
at the beginning or at the end of a sentence
She plays the piano beautifully.
He couldn't calmly open the safe.
She carefully opened the safe.
Cheetahs run fast.
Warning
Adverbs of manner cannot be placed between a verb and its direct object. Instead, they should be placed either before the verb or at the end of the clause clause (after the verb).
She ate hungrily a slice of bread.
She ate a slice of bread hungrily. Or She hungrily ate a slice of bread.
He walked slowly towards his house.
He walked towards his house slowly.
Tip!
In literary usage, writers may place adverbs of manner at the beginning of a sentence or before a verb + object to draw attention to the adverb and create emphasis.
She kindly took the baby in her arms.
Suddenly she turned back.
Is the Place of Adverbs of Manner Important?
The position of an adverb of manner is important when we have more than one verb in the sentence.
If we put the adverb before or after the main verb, it only describes that verb.
If we put the adverb after a clause, it describes the whole clause.
Mary secretly told Alan to leave her house.
Here, 'secretly' modifies the verb 'tell'
Mary told Alan secretly to leave her house.
Here too, 'secretly' modifies the verb 'tell'
Mary asked Alan to leave her house secretly.
Here, 'secretly' modifies the verb 'leave'
Warning
We cannot use adverbs of manner after linking verbs. We use adjectives instead:
The girl seemed happy. (Not The girl seemed happily.)
The flowers smelled pleasant. (Not The flowers smelled pleasantly.)
Review
Adverbs of manner modify verbs and they are either placed at the end of the sentence or after the subject. Remember we cannot use adverbs of manner with linking verbs, and they never modify linking verbs.
Comments
(9)In the example that you've mentioned, there is no object. "Highly" describes the adjective (successful). Without it, we cannot say "He is a highly athlete."
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