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Applied Science and Research - Mechanical Engineering

Study terms related to engines, transmissions, machine components, fluid-power systems, mechanical stress, vibration, lubrication, and machinery.

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Words Related to Applied Science and Research
mechanics
mechanics
[Podstatné jméno]

the branch of physics that deals with the study of motion and the behavior of physical systems under the action of forces

mechanika

mechanika

Ex: The mechanics of a moving car involve analyzing the forces acting on it and how they affect its motion. 
engine
engine
[Podstatné jméno]

the part of a vehicle that uses a particular fuel to make the vehicle move

motor, pohon

motor, pohon

Ex: The mechanic repaired the engine of the car, which had been making strange noises. 
gearbox
gearbox
[Podstatné jméno]

a system of gears that transmits power from the engine to the wheels

převodovka, přenos

převodovka, přenos

Ex: The gearbox was making a grinding noise. 
transmission
transmission
[Podstatné jméno]

the system that transmits power from the engine to the wheels, allowing the vehicle to change speeds

převodovka, přenos

převodovka, přenos

Ex: The transmission needed a fluid change. 
piston
piston
[Podstatné jméno]

a solid, round part that moves back and forth inside a hollow tube in an engine or machine, helping to push or pull gases or liquids, or to turn pressure into movement

píst, plunžr

píst, plunžr

Ex: The piston moves up and down inside the engine. 
cylinder
cylinder
[Podstatné jméno]

a chamber in an engine in which a piston moves

válec, pístní komora

válec, pístní komora

Ex: The car's engine has four cylinders. 
shaft
shaft
[Podstatné jméno]

a metal bar in an engine that enables movement and power to be transmitted from one part to another

hřídel, osa

hřídel, osa

crankshaft
crankshaft
[Podstatné jméno]

a shaft that converts the up and down motion of the pistons into rotational motion

kliková hřídel, klikový hřídel

kliková hřídel, klikový hřídel

Ex: The crankshaft was damaged and needed replacement. 
drive shaft
drive shaft
[Podstatné jméno]

a mechanical component that transmits rotational power from the engine to the wheels or other driven components of a vehicle or machine

hnací hřídel, kardanový hřídel

hnací hřídel, kardanový hřídel

Ex: The driveshaft in the car transfers power from the engine to the rear wheels, enabling forward motion. 
bearing
bearing
[Podstatné jméno]

a support between moving parts that reduces friction and allows smooth rotation

gear
gear
[Podstatné jméno]

a set of mechanical parts or devices that transmit and control power or motion in a machine or vehicle

převod, mechanismus

převod, mechanismus

valve
valve
[Podstatné jméno]

a mechanical device that controls or regulates the flow of fluids, such as liquids, gases, or slurries, by opening, closing, or partially obstructing passageways within a pipe or system

ventil, kohoutek

ventil, kohoutek

Ex: The valve was turned to stop the water from leaking. 
compressor
compressor
[Podstatné jméno]

a mechanical device that compresses gases for storage or power

Ex: The compressor in the refrigerator circulates refrigerant through the coils. 
boiler
boiler
[Podstatné jméno]

a closed vessel in which water is heated to create steam or hot water, used for heating buildings, producing electricity, or powering machines

kotel, parogenerátor

kotel, parogenerátor

Ex: The building’s boiler provides hot water and heating during the winter. 
hydraulics
hydraulics
[Podstatné jméno]

a branch of science and engineering that deals with the mechanical properties of liquids, particularly their behavior in confined spaces and under pressure

hydraulika, mechanika tekutin

hydraulika, mechanika tekutin

Ex: Many agricultural implements, like tractors and plows, use hydraulics for performing various tasks on the field. 
pneumatics
pneumatics
[Podstatné jméno]

a branch of engineering and physics that deals with the mechanical properties of gases, especially air, and the application of pressurized air to produce motion or mechanical effects

pneumatika, pneumatický systém

pneumatika, pneumatický systém

Ex: Pneumatics is commonly used in industries for operating tools and machinery using compressed air. 
stress
stress
[Podstatné jméno]

force applied to a material that produces strain or deformation

napětí, zatížení

napětí, zatížení

Ex: The beam experienced stress under heavy load. 
strain
strain
[Podstatné jméno]

the change in shape or size of a material when force is applied to it

vibration
vibration
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) a regular back-and-forth movement or oscillation around a central point

lubrication
lubrication
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of applying a slippery substance to reduce friction and wear between moving surfaces

Ex: Proper lubrication keeps the engine running smoothly. 
turbine
turbine
[Podstatné jméno]

a machine or engine that produces power from the pressure of a liquid or gas on a turning wheel

turbína, turbostroj

turbína, turbostroj

Ex: Steam turbines are commonly used in power plants to generate electricity. 
pump
pump
[Podstatné jméno]

a mechanical device or machine that is used to move fluids or gases from one place to another by creating a flow or pressure

čerpadlo, mechanické čerpadlo

čerpadlo, mechanické čerpadlo

Ex: The water pump in the car engine ensures that coolant circulates to prevent overheating. 
machinery
machinery
[Podstatné jméno]

machines, especially large ones, considered collectively

stroje, průmyslové vybavení

stroje, průmyslové vybavení

Ex: The factory was filled with heavy machinery, each performing a specific function in the production line. 
crank
crank
[Podstatné jméno]

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

klika, kliková hřídel

klika, kliková hřídel

Ex: The engineer used a crank to manually adjust the height of the lifting mechanism. 
lever
lever
[Podstatné jméno]

a handle on a piece of equipment or machine that is used to make it operate

páka

páka

spare part
spare part
[Podstatné jméno]

a part made for a machine or vehicle that can be used to replace an old or broken part

náhradní díl, rezervní část

náhradní díl, rezervní část

Ex: He always keeps a spare part for his car in case something needs to be replaced. 
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