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Applied Science and Research - Mechanical Engineering

Study terms related to engines, transmissions, machine components, fluid-power systems, mechanical stress, vibration, lubrication, and machinery.

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Words Related to Applied Science and Research
mechanics
mechanics
[существительное]

the branch of physics that deals with the study of motion and the behavior of physical systems under the action of forces

механика

механика

Ex: The mechanics of a moving car involve analyzing the forces acting on it and how they affect its motion. 
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engine
engine
[существительное]

the part of a vehicle that uses a particular fuel to make the vehicle move

двигатель

двигатель

Ex: The mechanic repaired the engine of the car, which had been making strange noises. 
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gearbox
gearbox
[существительное]

a system of gears that transmits power from the engine to the wheels

коробка передач, трансмиссия

коробка передач, трансмиссия

Ex: The gearbox was making a grinding noise. 
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transmission
transmission
[существительное]

the system that transmits power from the engine to the wheels, allowing the vehicle to change speeds

трансмиссия, коробка передач

трансмиссия, коробка передач

Ex: The transmission needed a fluid change. 
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piston
piston
[существительное]

a solid, round part that moves back and forth inside a hollow tube in an engine or machine, helping to push or pull gases or liquids, or to turn pressure into movement

поршень, плунжер

поршень, плунжер

Ex: The piston moves up and down inside the engine. 
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cylinder
cylinder
[существительное]

a chamber in an engine in which a piston moves

цилиндр, камера поршня

цилиндр, камера поршня

Ex: The car's engine has four cylinders. 
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shaft
shaft
[существительное]

a metal bar in an engine that enables movement and power to be transmitted from one part to another

вал

вал

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crankshaft
crankshaft
[существительное]

a shaft that converts the up and down motion of the pistons into rotational motion

коленчатый вал, кривошипный вал

коленчатый вал, кривошипный вал

Ex: The crankshaft was damaged and needed replacement. 
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drive shaft
drive shaft
[существительное]

a mechanical component that transmits rotational power from the engine to the wheels or other driven components of a vehicle or machine

карданный вал, вал привода

карданный вал, вал привода

Ex: The driveshaft in the car transfers power from the engine to the rear wheels, enabling forward motion. 
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bearing
bearing
[существительное]

a support between moving parts that reduces friction and allows smooth rotation

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gear
gear
[существительное]

a set of mechanical parts or devices that transmit and control power or motion in a machine or vehicle

передача

передача

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valve
valve
[существительное]

a mechanical device that controls or regulates the flow of fluids, such as liquids, gases, or slurries, by opening, closing, or partially obstructing passageways within a pipe or system

клапан, вентиль

клапан, вентиль

Ex: The valve was turned to stop the water from leaking. 
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compressor
compressor
[существительное]

a mechanical device that compresses gases for storage or power

Ex: The compressor in the refrigerator circulates refrigerant through the coils. 
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boiler
boiler
[существительное]

a closed vessel in which water is heated to create steam or hot water, used for heating buildings, producing electricity, or powering machines

бойлер

бойлер

Ex: The building’s boiler provides hot water and heating during the winter. 
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hydraulics
hydraulics
[существительное]

a branch of science and engineering that deals with the mechanical properties of liquids, particularly their behavior in confined spaces and under pressure

гидравлика, механика жидкостей

гидравлика, механика жидкостей

Ex: Many agricultural implements, like tractors and plows, use hydraulics for performing various tasks on the field. 
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pneumatics
pneumatics
[существительное]

a branch of engineering and physics that deals with the mechanical properties of gases, especially air, and the application of pressurized air to produce motion or mechanical effects

пневматика, пневматическая система

пневматика, пневматическая система

Ex: Pneumatics is commonly used in industries for operating tools and machinery using compressed air. 
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stress
stress
[существительное]

force applied to a material that produces strain or deformation

напряжение, нагрузка

напряжение, нагрузка

Ex: The beam experienced stress under heavy load. 
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strain
strain
[существительное]

the change in shape or size of a material when force is applied to it

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vibration
vibration
[существительное]

(physics) a regular back-and-forth movement or oscillation around a central point

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lubrication
lubrication
[существительное]

the process of applying a slippery substance to reduce friction and wear between moving surfaces

Ex: Proper lubrication keeps the engine running smoothly. 
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turbine
turbine
[существительное]

a machine or engine that produces power from the pressure of a liquid or gas on a turning wheel

турбина

турбина

Ex: Steam turbines are commonly used in power plants to generate electricity. 
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pump
pump
[существительное]

a mechanical device or machine that is used to move fluids or gases from one place to another by creating a flow or pressure

насос, помпа

насос, помпа

Ex: The water pump in the car engine ensures that coolant circulates to prevent overheating. 
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machinery
machinery
[существительное]

machines, especially large ones, considered collectively

механическое оборудование

механическое оборудование

Ex: The factory was filled with heavy machinery, each performing a specific function in the production line. 
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crank
crank
[существительное]

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

кривошип

кривошип

Ex: The engineer used a crank to manually adjust the height of the lifting mechanism. 
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lever
lever
[существительное]

a simple machine that uses a rigid bar and a fixed pivot point to multiply the applied force

рычаг

рычаг

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spare part
spare part
[существительное]

a part made for a machine or vehicle that can be used to replace an old or broken part

запчасть

запчасть

Ex: He always keeps a spare part for his car in case something needs to be replaced. 
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