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Vocabulario para IELTS Academic (Puntuación 6-7) - Astronomía

Aquí, aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la astronomía que son necesarias para el examen académico IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
comet
comet
[Sustantivo]

an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

cometa

cometa

Ex: The tail of a comet forms when solar radiation causes ice and dust to vaporize and stream away from the nucleus. 

La cola de un cometa se forma cuando la radiación solar hace que el hielo y el polvo se evaporen y se alejen del núcleo.

meteor
meteor
[Sustantivo]

a piece of rock coming from outer space that passes through the Earth's atmosphere, producing light

meteoro

meteoro

Ex: The study of meteors helps astronomers understand the composition of objects from the early solar system. 

El estudio de los meteoros ayuda a los astrónomos a entender la composición de los objetos del sistema solar temprano.

asteroid
asteroid
[Sustantivo]

any of the rocky bodies orbiting the sun, ranging greatly in diameter, also found in large numbers between Jupiter and Mars

asteroide

asteroide

Ex: The asteroid impact that led to the extinction of the dinosaurs occurred approximately 66 million years ago. 

El impacto del asteroide que llevó a la extinción de los dinosaurios ocurrió aproximadamente hace 66 millones de años.

Nebula
Nebula
[Sustantivo]

a glowing cloud of gas and dust in outer space, often the result of a star explosion or formation

nebulosa

nebulosa

Ex: Nebulae are often the sites where new stars and planets are born. 

Las nebulosas son a menudo los lugares donde nacen nuevas estrellas y planetas.

aurora
aurora
[Sustantivo]

a natural light display in the Earth's polar regions, caused by the collision of charged particles from the sun with atoms in the Earth's atmosphere

aurora

aurora

Ex: Many myths and legends are inspired by the mystical and ethereal nature of the aurora lights. 

Muchos mitos y leyendas están inspirados por la naturaleza mística y etérea de las luces auroras.

constellation
constellation
[Sustantivo]

a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

constelación

constelación

Ex: The Big Dipper is a prominent constellation consisting of seven bright stars. 

El Gran Cucharón es una constelación prominente que consta de siete estrellas brillantes.

zodiac
zodiac
[Sustantivo]

(astronomy) the celestial zone in the sky where the sun, moon, and planets appear to move, traditionally divided into twelve equal segments, each associated with a distinct name and symbol

zodíaco

zodíaco

Ex: The zodiac is divided into twelve astrological signs, each representing different personality traits. 

El zodiaco se divide en doce signos astrológicos, cada uno representando diferentes rasgos de personalidad.

exoplanet
exoplanet
[Sustantivo]

a planet that is outside the solar system

exoplaneta, planeta extrasolar

exoplaneta, planeta extrasolar

Ex: The Kepler Space Telescope has been instrumental in identifying distant exoplanets using the transit method. 

El telescopio espacial Kepler ha sido fundamental para identificar exoplanetas distantes utilizando el método de tránsito.

blueshift
blueshift
[Sustantivo]

the displacement of the spectrum of an astronomical object toward shorter wavelengths, indicating motion toward the observer

corrimiento al azul, desplazamiento hacia el azul

corrimiento al azul, desplazamiento hacia el azul

white dwarf
white dwarf
[Sustantivo]

a small, dense, and faint stellar remnant that is left after a medium-sized star exhausts the nuclear fuel in its core and undergoes gravitational collapse

enana blanca, estrella enana blanca

enana blanca, estrella enana blanca

Ex: White dwarfs have extremely high densities, with mass comparable to that of the Sun but condensed into a smaller volume. 

Las enanas blancas tienen densidades extremadamente altas, con una masa comparable a la del Sol pero condensada en un volumen más pequeño.

neutron star
neutron star
[Sustantivo]

a highly dense and compact stellar remnant that remains after a massive star undergoes a supernova explosion, consisting almost entirely of neutrons

estrella de neutrones, astro neutrónico

estrella de neutrones, astro neutrónico

Ex: Neutron stars can have incredibly strong magnetic fields, trillions of times more powerful than Earth's magnetic field. 

Las estrellas de neutrones pueden tener campos magnéticos increíblemente fuertes, billones de veces más potentes que el campo magnético de la Tierra.

cosmology
cosmology
[Sustantivo]

the scientific study of how the universe is created, its development, and how it is going to end

cosmología

cosmología

Ex: Cosmology predicts that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. 
spiral galaxy
spiral galaxy
[Sustantivo]

a type of galaxy characterized by a spiral-shaped structure, consisting of a central bulge surrounded by spiral arms that contain stars, gas, and dust

galaxia espiral, galaxia en espiral

galaxia espiral, galaxia en espiral

Ex: The Andromeda Galaxy, the nearest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way, is visible to the naked eye in the night sky. 

La galaxia de Andrómeda, la galaxia espiral más cercana a la Vía Láctea, es visible a simple vista en el cielo nocturno.

elliptical galaxy
elliptical galaxy
[Sustantivo]

a type of galaxy characterized by its smooth, nearly featureless brightness profile and ellipsoidal shape, lacking significant spiral arms or disk-like structures

galaxia elíptica, galaxia de tipo elíptico

galaxia elíptica, galaxia de tipo elíptico

spectroscope
spectroscope
[Sustantivo]

an optical instrument used for analyzing the spectrum of light, separating it into its individual wavelengths to identify and study the components of the light source

espectroscopio, instrumento de análisis espectral

espectroscopio, instrumento de análisis espectral

Ex: The study of distant celestial objects relies on the use of space-based spectroscopes to gather data on the composition and properties of galaxies. 

El estudio de objetos celestes distantes depende del uso de espectroscopios basados en el espacio para recopilar datos sobre la composición y las propiedades de las galaxias.

irregular galaxy
irregular galaxy
[Sustantivo]

a galaxy that lacks a distinct, regular shape or structure, often appearing chaotic and asymmetrical

galaxia irregular, galaxia sin forma distintiva

galaxia irregular, galaxia sin forma distintiva

unidentified flying object

a mysterious object that some people claim to have seen flying around in the sky and assume that it is a spaceship from another world

OVNI

OVNI

Ex: Scientists study reports of unidentified flying objects to determine if they have natural or man-made origins. 

Los científicos estudian informes de objetos voladores no identificados para determinar si tienen orígenes naturales o artificiales.

space probe
space probe
[Sustantivo]

an unmanned spacecraft designed to explore outer space, gather scientific data, and transmit it back to Earth

sonda espacial, sonda interplanetaria

sonda espacial, sonda interplanetaria

Ex: The Juno spacecraft, orbiting Jupiter, acts as a space probe, studying the gas giant's atmosphere, magnetic field, and composition. 

La nave espacial Juno, que orbita Júpiter, actúa como una sonda espacial, estudiando la atmósfera, el campo magnético y la composición del gigante gaseoso.

cosmonaut
cosmonaut
[Sustantivo]

an astronaut from Russia or the former Soviet Union

cosmonauta

cosmonauta

Ex: Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman cosmonaut to travel to space in 1963. 

Valentina Tereshkova fue la primera mujer cosmonauta en viajar al espacio en 1963.

radiation belt
radiation belt
[Sustantivo]

a layer of charged particles, primarily electrons and protons, held in place around a celestial body by its magnetic field

cinturón de radiación, cinturón radiactivo

cinturón de radiación, cinturón radiactivo

redshift
redshift
[Sustantivo]

the shift of light waves towards longer wavelengths, indicating the motion of an object away from the observer, commonly observed in the spectra of distant celestial bodies

corrimiento al rojo, redshift

corrimiento al rojo, redshift

Ex: Edwin Hubble's discovery of red shift played a crucial role in establishing the expanding nature of the universe. 

El descubrimiento del corrimiento al rojo por Edwin Hubble jugó un papel crucial en establecer la naturaleza expansiva del universo.

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