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IELTS学术词汇 (分数6-7) - Astronomy

在这里,您将学习一些雅思学术考试所需的与天文学相关的英语单词。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
comet
[名词]

an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

彗星, 慧星

彗星, 慧星

Ex: The appearance of a comet in the night sky often attracts attention from amateur astronomers and stargazers alike .
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meteor
[名词]

a piece of rock coming from outer space that passes through the Earth's atmosphere, producing light

流星, 陨石

流星, 陨石

Ex: The Perseid meteor shower is one of the most famous annual meteor showers, visible in August.
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asteroid
[名词]

any of the rocky bodies orbiting the sun, ranging greatly in diameter, also found in large numbers between Jupiter and Mars

小行星, 星体

小行星, 星体

Ex: asteroids contain valuable minerals and resources that could be mined in the future .
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Nebula
[名词]

a glowing cloud of gas and dust in outer space, often the result of a star explosion or formation

星云, 星云气

星云, 星云气

Ex: The beautiful colors of the Eagle Nebula were captured by the space telescope.
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aurora
[名词]

a natural light display in the Earth's polar regions, caused by the collision of charged particles from the sun with atoms in the Earth's atmosphere

极光, 南极光

极光, 南极光

Ex: The indigenous people in polar regions often incorporate stories of aurora into their cultural narratives .
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a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

星座, 星群

星座, 星群

Ex: constellation Cassiopeia forms a distinct " W " shape in the northern sky .
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zodiac
[名词]

(astronomy) the celestial zone in the sky where the sun, moon, and planets appear to move, traditionally divided into twelve equal segments, each associated with a distinct name and symbol

黄道, 十二宫

黄道, 十二宫

Ex: People born under the sign of Leo are said to possess strong leadership qualities , according to zodiac.
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exoplanet
[名词]

a planet that is outside the solar system

系外行星, 外行星

系外行星, 外行星

Ex: Scientists use advanced telescopes and observatories to detect the faint signals exoplanets orbiting distant stars .
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blueshift
[名词]

the displacement of the spectrum of an astronomical object toward shorter wavelengths, indicating motion toward the observer

蓝移, 蓝色位移

蓝移, 蓝色位移

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white dwarf
[名词]

a small, dense, and faint stellar remnant that is left after a medium-sized star exhausts the nuclear fuel in its core and undergoes gravitational collapse

白矮星, 白色矮星

白矮星, 白色矮星

Ex: Although smallwhite dwarfs can be quite hot , emitting radiation across a broad spectrum including visible light .
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neutron star
[名词]

a highly dense and compact stellar remnant that remains after a massive star undergoes a supernova explosion, consisting almost entirely of neutrons

中子星, 中子恒星

中子星, 中子恒星

Ex: Neutron stars are so dense that they approach the limit allowed by our current understanding of the laws of physics .
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cosmology
[名词]

the scientific study of how the universe is created, its development, and how it is going to end

宇宙学, 宇宙论

宇宙学, 宇宙论

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a type of galaxy characterized by a spiral-shaped structure, consisting of a central bulge surrounded by spiral arms that contain stars, gas, and dust

螺旋星系, 漩涡星系

螺旋星系, 漩涡星系

Ex: The Triangulum Galaxy ( M33 ) is a spiral galaxy located within our local group of galaxies .
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a type of galaxy characterized by its smooth, nearly featureless brightness profile and ellipsoidal shape, lacking significant spiral arms or disk-like structures

椭圆星系, 椭圆银河

椭圆星系, 椭圆银河

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spectroscope
[名词]

an optical instrument used for analyzing the spectrum of light, separating it into its individual wavelengths to identify and study the components of the light source

光谱仪, 光谱分析仪

光谱仪, 光谱分析仪

Ex: The design of optical filters in digital cameras and imaging devices often involves spectral analysis using spectroscope.
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a galaxy that lacks a distinct, regular shape or structure, often appearing chaotic and asymmetrical

不规则星系, 不规则银河

不规则星系, 不规则银河

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a mysterious object that some people claim to have seen flying around in the sky and assume that it is a spaceship from another world

不明飞行物体, 不明飞行者

不明飞行物体, 不明飞行者

Ex: The pilots reported encountering unidentified flying object that moved at high speeds and changed direction abruptly .
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space probe
[名词]

an unmanned spacecraft designed to explore outer space, gather scientific data, and transmit it back to Earth

太空探测器, 空间探测器

太空探测器, 空间探测器

Ex: OSIRIS-REx, a NASA space probe, is on a mission to collect samples from the near-Earth asteroid Bennu and return them to Earth for analysis.
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cosmonaut
[名词]

an astronaut from Russia or the former Soviet Union

宇航员, 航天员

宇航员, 航天员

Ex: The Soviet Union launched several cosmonaut missions during the Space Race with the United States .
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a layer of charged particles, primarily electrons and protons, held in place around a celestial body by its magnetic field

辐射带, 辐射层

辐射带, 辐射层

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redshift
[名词]

the shift of light waves towards longer wavelengths, indicating the motion of an object away from the observer, commonly observed in the spectra of distant celestial bodies

红移, 红色偏移

红移, 红色偏移

Ex: The Doppler effect causes the red shift phenomenon when light sources move away from an observer.
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