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Listahan ng mga Salita sa Antas C1 - Negosyo at Pamamahala

Dito matututo ka ng ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa negosyo at pamamahala, tulad ng "acquisition", "invoice", "retailer", atbp., inihanda para sa mga mag-aaral ng antas C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
acquisition
acquisition
[Pangngalan]

the act of buying or obtaining something, especially something that is valuable

pagkuha,  pagkamit

pagkuha, pagkamit

Ex: The government approved the acquisition of land for the construction of a new highway .Aprubado ng gobyerno ang **pagkuha** ng lupa para sa pagtatayo ng bagong highway.
Master of Business Administration

a second university degree in business management

Master ng Pangangasiwa sa Negosyo, Master sa Pamamahala ng Negosyo

Master ng Pangangasiwa sa Negosyo, Master sa Pamamahala ng Negosyo

Ex: The MBA curriculum includes courses in management, finance, accounting, and strategic planning.Ang kurikulum ng **Master of Business Administration** ay may kasamang mga kurso sa pamamahala, pananalapi, accounting, at strategic planning.
associate
associate
[Pangngalan]

a member of an organization with limited membership

kasapi, kaakibat

kasapi, kaakibat

Ex: Associates contribute to the organization through their expertise and participation in projects and initiatives .Ang mga **kasapi** ay nag-aambag sa organisasyon sa pamamagitan ng kanilang ekspertisya at pakikilahok sa mga proyekto at inisyatiba.
retailer
retailer
[Pangngalan]

a store, person, or business that sells goods to the public for their own use, not for resale

tingi, retailer

tingi, retailer

Ex: The retailer expanded its operations by opening new stores in different cities .Pinalawak ng **retailer** ang operasyon nito sa pamamagitan ng pagbubukas ng mga bagong tindahan sa iba't ibang lungsod.
commodity
commodity
[Pangngalan]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

kalakal, hilaw na materyal

kalakal, hilaw na materyal

Ex: Investors often include commodities in their portfolios as a hedge against inflation and market volatility .Kadalasang isinasama ng mga investor ang **commodities** sa kanilang portfolio bilang proteksyon laban sa inflation at market volatility.
merchandise
merchandise
[Pangngalan]

goods offered for sale or the ones bought or sold

kalakal, produkto

kalakal, produkto

Ex: She browsed through the merchandise at the souvenir shop , looking for gifts to bring back home .Tiningnan niya ang **merchandise** sa souvenir shop, naghahanap ng mga regalo na dadalhin pauwi.
cooperative
cooperative
[Pangngalan]

an organization or business that is jointly owned and run by its members

kooperatiba, samahang kooperatiba

kooperatiba, samahang kooperatiba

Ex: The cooperative model allows small businesses to pool resources and compete more effectively in the market.Ang modelo ng **kooperatiba** ay nagbibigay-daan sa maliliit na negosyo na pag-isahin ang mga mapagkukunan at makipagkumpitensya nang mas epektibo sa merkado.
audit
audit
[Pangngalan]

a formal inspection of a business's financial records to see if they are correct and accurate or not

audit, pagsusuri sa pananalapi

audit, pagsusuri sa pananalapi

Ex: The IRS conducted a tax audit to verify the accuracy of the individual 's tax returns .Ang IRS ay nagsagawa ng isang **audit** sa buwis upang patunayan ang katumpakan ng mga tax return ng indibidwal.
deficit
deficit
[Pangngalan]

the difference between the needed amount that is higher than the available amount, especially money

kakulangan, depisit

kakulangan, depisit

Ex: The deficit in qualified personnel posed a challenge for the healthcare system .Ang **kakulangan** ng kwalipikadong personnel ay naging hamon para sa sistema ng pangangalagang pangkalusugan.
expenditure
expenditure
[Pangngalan]

the process of using money to pay for goods, services, or obligations

gastos, gugol

gastos, gugol

Ex: The charity reported its annual expenditure to donors .Iniulat ng kawanggawa ang taunang **gastos** nito sa mga donor.
invoice
invoice
[Pangngalan]

a list of goods or services received and their total cost

invoice, katibayan ng bayad

invoice, katibayan ng bayad

Ex: He reviewed the invoice for discrepancies before approving it for payment .Sinuri niya ang **invoice** para sa mga pagkakaiba bago ito aprubahan para sa pagbabayad.
margin
margin
[Pangngalan]

(business) the difference between the amount of money spent to buy or produce something and the amount of money gained from its sale

margin, margin ng kita

margin, margin ng kita

Ex: They adjusted their pricing strategy to improve their profit margin without compromising quality.Inayos nila ang kanilang estratehiya sa pagpepresyo upang mapabuti ang kanilang **margin** ng kita nang hindi ikinokompromiso ang kalidad.
turnover
turnover
[Pangngalan]

the overall amount of profit made by a business or company over a specific period of time

kita, dami ng benta

kita, dami ng benta

Ex: They attributed the decline in turnover to changes in consumer behavior and increased competition .Iniugnay nila ang pagbaba ng **turnover** sa mga pagbabago sa pag-uugali ng mga mamimili at sa tumaas na kompetisyon.
yield
yield
[Pangngalan]

an amount of profit gained from an investment or business

tubo, kita

tubo, kita

Ex: The stock portfolio showed a steady yield, generating consistent profits for the shareholders .Ang stock portfolio ay nagpakita ng matatag na **yield**, na lumilikha ng tuluy-tuloy na kita para sa mga shareholders.
enterprise
enterprise
[Pangngalan]

a company

negosyo, kumpanya

negosyo, kumpanya

Ex: The startup aims to disrupt the industry with its innovative enterprise solutions .Ang startup ay naglalayong guluhin ang industriya sa pamamagitan ng mga makabagong solusyon nito para sa **negosyo**.
franchise
franchise
[Pangngalan]

a commercial enterprise that functions under an agreement, using the branding, systems, and products of an established company

prangkisa, pribilehiyo sa negosyo

prangkisa, pribilehiyo sa negosyo

Ex: The franchise expanded its services to include delivery and catering .Pinalawak ng **prangkisa** ang mga serbisyo nito upang isama ang paghahatid at pagkaing handa.
start-up
start-up
[Pangngalan]

a newly established company or business venture, typically characterized by its innovative approach, early-stage development, and a focus on growth

start-up, bagong tatag na kumpanya

start-up, bagong tatag na kumpanya

Ex: The start-up expanded rapidly after its product went viral .Mabilis na lumawak ang **start-up** matapos maging viral ang produkto nito.
Ltd
Ltd
[Pangngalan]

used after the name of a company to indicate that its owners are not legally responsible for all the money that the company owes but only to the amount they have invested in it

Ltd, Kumpanya na may Hangganan

Ltd, Kumpanya na may Hangganan

Ex: JKL Ltd is a subsidiary of a larger multinational corporation.Ang JKL **Ltd** ay isang subsidiary ng isang mas malaking multinational corporation.
venture
venture
[Pangngalan]

a business activity that is mostly very risky

negosyo, proyekto

negosyo, proyekto

Ex: Launching a new product line was a risky venture for the company.Ang paglulunsad ng isang bagong linya ng produkto ay isang mapanganib na **venture** para sa kumpanya.
net
net
[pang-uri]

final amount after the deduction of all costs

net, panghuli

net, panghuli

Ex: The net proceeds from the sale of the property will be used to repay outstanding debts .Ang **net** na kita mula sa pagbenta ng ari-arian ay gagamitin upang bayaran ang mga natitirang utang.
cooperative
cooperative
[pang-uri]

pertaining to an organization jointly owned and operated by its members

kooperatiba, kooperatiba

kooperatiba, kooperatiba

Ex: A cooperative business shares profits among its members .Ang isang **kooperatibong** negosyo ay nagbabahagi ng mga kita sa mga miyembro nito.
incorporated
incorporated
[pang-uri]

having become a legal business company

inkorporado, itinatag bilang kumpanya

inkorporado, itinatag bilang kumpanya

Ex: An incorporated company often finds it easier to establish business credit compared to an unincorporated one .Ang isang **inkorporadong** kumpanya ay madalas na nakakahanap ng mas madaling magtatag ng credit sa negosyo kumpara sa isang hindi inkorporado.
managerial
managerial
[pang-uri]

related to managing or supervising tasks, resources, or personnel within an organization

pampamahala, pangasiwaan

pampamahala, pangasiwaan

Ex: Managerial positions often require experience in decision-making and conflict resolution .Ang mga posisyong **pang-manage** ay madalas na nangangailangan ng karanasan sa paggawa ng desisyon at paglutas ng hidwaan.
profitable
profitable
[pang-uri]

(of a business) providing benefits or valuable returns

kumikita, mapagkita

kumikita, mapagkita

Ex: His innovative app quickly became one of the most profitable products in the tech industry .Ang kanyang makabagong app ay mabilis na naging isa sa pinaka **kumikitang** produkto sa tech industry.
to administer
to administer
[Pandiwa]

to be responsible for a company, organization, etc. and manage its affairs, including financial matters

pamahalaan, pangasiwaan

pamahalaan, pangasiwaan

Ex: The school principal actively administers the educational programs and resources .Ang punong-guro ng paaralan ay aktibong **nangangasiwa** sa mga programa at mapagkukunan ng edukasyon.
to close
to close
[Pandiwa]

to finalize a business deal

tapusin, wakasan

tapusin, wakasan

Ex: With a handshake and signed contract , they officially closed the partnership agreement .Sa isang kamay at pinirmahang kontrata, opisyal nilang **isinara** ang kasunduan sa pakikipagsosyo.
to merge
to merge
[Pandiwa]

to combine and create one whole

pagsamahin, pag-isahin

pagsamahin, pag-isahin

Ex: In music production , tracks from different instruments merge to form a cohesive and harmonious composition .Sa produksyon ng musika, ang mga track mula sa iba't ibang instrumento ay **nagkakaisa** upang bumuo ng isang magkakaugnay at magkakasundong komposisyon.
to publicize
to publicize
[Pandiwa]

to draw public's attention to something by giving information about it as an act of advertisement

ipromote, ipublicize

ipromote, ipublicize

Ex: He publicized the concert , hoping to sell more tickets .**Ipinublik** niya ang konsiyerto, na umaasang makabenta ng mas maraming tiket.
to take over
to take over
[Pandiwa]

to take control of a company or business, particularly by buying more shares

akuihin, kontrolin

akuihin, kontrolin

Ex: Shareholders celebrated as the company successfully took over a key player in the market , boosting stock prices .Nagdiwang ang mga shareholder habang ang kumpanya ay matagumpay na **nakuha** ang isang pangunahing manlalaro sa merkado, na nagpapataas sa mga presyo ng stock.
patent
patent
[Pangngalan]

a formal document that gives someone the right to be the only one who makes, uses, or sells an invention or product for a limited amount of time

patent, lisensya ng pag-imbento

patent, lisensya ng pag-imbento

Ex: Disputes over patent infringements often lead to lengthy legal battles between competing businesses.Ang mga pagtatalo tungkol sa mga paglabag sa **patent** ay madalas na humahantong sa mahabang labanang legal sa pagitan ng mga negosyong nagkakompetensya.
shipping
shipping
[Pangngalan]

the act of transporting goods, particularly by sea

paglalayag, transportasyon sa dagat

paglalayag, transportasyon sa dagat

Ex: Efficient shipping logistics are crucial for global businesses to ensure timely delivery of products to customers .Ang mahusay na logistics ng **paghahatid** ay mahalaga para sa mga pandaigdigang negosyo upang matiyak ang napapanahong paghahatid ng mga produkto sa mga customer.
warehouse
warehouse
[Pangngalan]

a large place in which raw materials or produced goods are stored before they are sold or distributed

bodega, tindahan

bodega, tindahan

Ex: Security measures in the warehouse include surveillance cameras and restricted access to protect valuable merchandise .Ang mga hakbang sa seguridad sa **bodega** ay kinabibilangan ng mga surveillance camera at limitadong access upang protektahan ang mahalagang kalakal.
operational
operational
[pang-uri]

related to the way in which a business, organization, machine, etc. functions

operasyonal

operasyonal

Ex: The new software system provides real-time data to enhance operational decision-making processes .Ang bagong software system ay nagbibigay ng real-time na data upang mapahusay ang mga proseso ng paggawa ng desisyon **operational**.
public relations
public relations
[Pangngalan]

the process of presenting a favorable public image of a person, firm, or institution

ugnayan sa madla

ugnayan sa madla

Ex: They hired a public relations firm to help boost their presence in the media and attract more clients .Kumuha sila ng isang **public relations** na kumpanya upang tulungan mapalakas ang kanilang presensya sa media at makaakit ng mas maraming kliyente.
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