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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic - Pagsusulit 2 - Pagbasa - Talata 2

Matuto ng bokabularyo mula sa Cambridge IELTS 17 Academic, Test 2 Reading Passage 2, at balikan ang mga kapaki-pakinabang na salita at ekspresyon mula sa tekstong ito sa pagbasa.

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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic
attempt
attempt
[Pangngalan]

the action or endeavor of trying to complete a task or achieve a goal, often one that is challenging

pagtatangka,  pagsisikap

pagtatangka, pagsisikap

Ex: Despite several failed attempts, she never gave up on her dream of becoming an artist. 
to domesticate

to change wild animals or plants for human use or cultivation

alagaan, palahin

alagaan, palahin

Ex: Farmers have domesticated pigs, selecting traits for docility and suitability for farming. 

Ang mga magsasaka ay nag-domesticate ng mga baboy, pumipili ng mga katangian para sa kadocilidad at angkop sa pagsasaka.

to cultivate
to cultivate
[Pandiwa]

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

linangin, taniman

linangin, taniman

Ex: The farm cultivates wheat to supply local bakeries. 

Ang bukid ay nagtatanim ng trigo upang magsupply sa mga lokal na panaderya.

nutritious
nutritious
[pang-uri]

(of food) containing substances that are good for the growth and health of the body

nakapagpapalusog, masustansya

nakapagpapalusog, masustansya

Ex: The nutritious salad was packed with fresh vegetables and leafy greens. 

Ang nakapagpapalusog na salad ay puno ng sariwang gulay at madahong gulay.

to rely on
to rely on
[Pandiwa]

to depend on someone or something for support and assistance

umasa sa, dumepende sa

umasa sa, dumepende sa

Ex: The company relies on its dedicated employees to succeed. 

Ang kumpanya ay umaasa sa mga tapat na empleyado nito para magtagumpay.

revolutionary
revolutionary
[pang-uri]

causing or involving a complete, fundamental, or dramatic change

rebolusyonaryo, rebolusyonarya

rebolusyonaryo, rebolusyonarya

Ex: The new technology brought revolutionary changes to medical treatment. 
genome
genome
[Pangngalan]

the complete set of genetic material of any living thing

henoma

henoma

Ex: The human genome consists of approximately 3 billion base pairs of DNA, encoding all the information needed for human development and function. 

Ang genome ng tao ay binubuo ng humigit-kumulang 3 bilyong base pairs ng DNA, na nag-e-encode ng lahat ng impormasyong kailangan para sa pag-unlad at paggana ng tao.

DNA
DNA
[Pangngalan]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body. 
cell
cell
[Pangngalan]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

selula

selula

Ex: The study of cells, known as cell biology or cytology, delves into their structure, function, and interactions. 
to alter
to alter
[Pandiwa]

to cause something to change

baguhin, palitan

baguhin, palitan

Ex: The architect altered the design after receiving feedback from the client. 
crop
crop
[Pangngalan]

a plant that is grown for food over large areas of land

ani, tanim

ani, tanim

Ex: The region is known for its crop of apples, which are exported worldwide. 
appealing
appealing
[pang-uri]

pleasing and likely to arouse interest or desire

kaakit-akit, kawili-wili

kaakit-akit, kawili-wili

Ex: Despite her simple attire, there was something undeniably appealing about her natural beauty. 

Sa kabila ng kanyang simpleng kasuotan, may isang bagay na hindi matatanggi na kaakit-akit tungkol sa kanyang natural na kagandahan.

fast-track
fast-track
[pang-uri]

taking place or progressing faster than usual

mabilis, pinabilis

mabilis, pinabilis

supply
supply
[Pangngalan]

the provided or available amount of something

suplay,  probisyon

suplay, probisyon

Ex: The teacher replenished the classroom supplies before the start of the school year. 
resistant
resistant
[pang-uri]

not easily affected by external influences or forces

matibay, hindi tinatagusan

matibay, hindi tinatagusan

Ex: The fabric used in the upholstery is resistant to stains and spills. 

Ang tela na ginamit sa upholstery ay matibay laban sa mga mantsa at pagtapon.

to devastate
to devastate
[Pandiwa]

to destroy something completely

wasakin, gibain

wasakin, gibain

Ex: Economic downturns can devastate small businesses that rely on steady consumer spending. 

Ang mga pagbagsak ng ekonomiya ay maaaring wasakin ang maliliit na negosyo na umaasa sa tuluy-tuloy na paggastos ng mga mamimili.

edible
edible
[pang-uri]

safe or suitable for consumption as food

nakakain, maaring kainin

nakakain, maaring kainin

Ex: After the flood, only a few vegetables remained edible. 

Pagkatapos ng baha, iilang gulay na lang ang nanatiling nakakain.

maize
maize
[Pangngalan]

a tall plant growing in Central America that produces yellow seeds, which are used in cooking

mais, saging na saba

mais, saging na saba

Ex: As the summer sun set, a family gathered in the backyard, grilling maize skewers alongside juicy grilled meats. 

Habang lumulubog ang araw ng tag-araw, nagtipon ang isang pamilya sa bakuran, nag-iihaw ng mga tuhog na mais kasabay ng makatas na inihaw na karne.

mutation
mutation
[Pangngalan]

(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

mutasyon, pagbabago sa genetiko

mutasyon, pagbabago sa genetiko

Ex: Scientists are studying the mutation responsible for giving certain plants drought resistance. 

Pinag-aaralan ng mga siyentipiko ang mutation na responsable sa pagbibigay ng drought resistance sa ilang mga halaman.

trait
trait
[Pangngalan]

a distinguishing quality or characteristic, especially one that forms part of someone's personality or identity

katangian,  karakteristiko

katangian, karakteristiko

Ex: Patience is a trait that can be developed over time. 

Ang pasensya ay isang katangian na maaaring malinang sa paglipas ng panahon.

diversity
diversity
[Pangngalan]

the state of including or containing many different types, characteristics, or elements

pagkakaiba-iba,  diversidad

pagkakaiba-iba, diversidad

Ex: The region is known for the diversity of its wildlife. 
strain
strain
[Pangngalan]

a genetic variant or subtype of a microorganism, typically within a species, that possesses distinct characteristics from other members of the same species

uri, barayti

uri, barayti

Ex: Viral strain identification is crucial for developing vaccines that target specific variations of viruses. 
to work out
to work out
[Pandiwa]

to find a solution to a problem, often through analysis, experimentation, or mathematical calculation

lutasin, maghanap ng solusyon

lutasin, maghanap ng solusyon

Ex: He can quickly work out complex mathematical problems. 

Maaari niyang mabilis na malutas ang mga kumplikadong problema sa matematika.

to reintroduce

introduce anew

muling ipakilala, ipakilala muli

muling ipakilala, ipakilala muli

from scratch
from scratch
[Parirala]

from the point at which something began

mula sa simula, mula sa simula

mula sa simula, mula sa simula

Ex: I built this app from scratch. 

Ginawa ko ang app na ito mula sa simula.

structure
structure
[Pangngalan]

a part of a living organism that is made up of cells and is designed to perform a specific function

istruktura, organo

istruktura, organo

Ex: The heart is an important structure in the human body. 
to pass down
to pass down
[Pandiwa]

to transfer something to the next generation or another person

ipasa ang isang bagay sa susunod na henerasyon o ibang tao, ipamana ang isang bagay sa ibang tao

ipasa ang isang bagay sa susunod na henerasyon o ibang tao, ipamana ang isang bagay sa ibang tao

Ex: My grandmother passed down this quilt to me, and I plan to pass it down to my daughter. 

Ipinaabot sa akin ng aking lola ang kumot na ito, at balak kong ipasa ito sa aking anak na babae.

pigment
pigment
[Pangngalan]

a chemical compound in plants, animals, or microbes that produces a characteristic color in cells or tissues

pigmento, likas na pangulay

pigmento, likas na pangulay

Ex: Chlorophyll is the primary pigment in leaves that gives them their green color and captures light for photosynthesis. 

Ang kloropila ang pangunahing pigmento sa mga dahon na nagbibigay sa kanila ng kanilang berdeng kulay at kumukuha ng liwanag para sa potosintesis.

to boost
to boost
[Pandiwa]

to increase the amount, level, strength, or power of something

palakihin, pataasin

palakihin, pataasin

Ex: The company lowered prices to boost sales. 
tolerant
tolerant
[pang-uri]

able to withstand particular environmental conditions or physiological stress

mapagtiis, matatag

mapagtiis, matatag

Ex: The plant is tolerant of drought. 

Ang halaman ay matitiis ang tagtuyot.

extent
extent
[Pangngalan]

the point or degree to which something extends

lawak, antas

lawak, antas

Ex: We do not yet know the full extent of the problem. 
sprawling
sprawling
[pang-uri]

extending over a large area in an irregular or untidy way

malawak, nakakalat

malawak, nakakalat

Ex: The city is surrounded by sprawling suburbs. 
habit
habit
[Pangngalan]

the general form or mode of growth (especially of a plant or crystal)

ugali, paraang paglago

ugali, paraang paglago

Ex: The shrub has a compact growth habit. 
licence
licence
[Pangngalan]

a legal document that grants permission to do something that is otherwise restricted by law

lisensya,  pahintulot

lisensya, pahintulot

regulatory
regulatory
[pang-uri]

creating and enforcing rules or regulations to control or govern a particular activity or industry

pampatupad, nagreregula

pampatupad, nagreregula

Ex: Compliance with regulatory requirements is essential for businesses operating in the financial sector. 
obscure
obscure
[pang-uri]

not well known or widely recognized

madilim,  hindi kilala

madilim, hindi kilala

Ex: The exhibition featured works by several obscure nineteenth-century artists. 
staple
staple
[pang-uri]

used or consumed regularly by many people as a fundamental part of daily life

pangunahin, batayan

pangunahin, batayan

Ex: Rice is a staple food in many cultures around the world. 

Ang bigas ay isang pangunahing pagkain sa maraming kultura sa buong mundo.

mainstream
mainstream
[Pangngalan]

the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people

pangunahing daloy, karaniwang tanggap

pangunahing daloy, karaniwang tanggap

Ex: His views are far from the mainstream, often sparking controversy. 

Ang kanyang mga pananaw ay malayo sa pangunahing daloy, madalas na nagdudulot ng kontrobersya.

drought
drought
[Pangngalan]

a long period of time when there is not much raining

tagtuyot, kakulangan ng tubig

tagtuyot, kakulangan ng tubig

Ex: The city imposed water restrictions because of the drought. 

Nagpataw ang lungsod ng mga paghihigpit sa tubig dahil sa tagtuyot.

to thrive
to thrive
[Pandiwa]

(of an animal, child, or plant) to grow with strength, health, or energy

umunlad, lumago nang malusog

umunlad, lumago nang malusog

Ex: The baby thrived in the loving and supportive care of her family. 

Ang sanggol ay lumago nang maayos sa mapagmahal at suportadong pag-aaruga ng kanyang pamilya.

to reveal
to reveal
[Pandiwa]

to make information that was previously unknown or kept in secrecy publicly known

ibunyag, ihayag

ibunyag, ihayag

Ex: The whistleblower revealed crucial information about the company's unethical practices. 
nota bene
nota bene
[Pangngalan]

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

nota bene, pansinin mo

nota bene, pansinin mo

infection
infection
[Pangngalan]

a condition in which harmful germs, such as bacteria or viruses, invade the body and cause harm, leading to symptoms such as fever, pain, and swelling

impeksyon

impeksyon

Ex: The cut on her finger became infected, leading to a painful infection. 
to arise
to arise
[Pandiwa]

to originate or come into being from a particular source or point

magmula, manggaling

magmula, manggaling

Ex: Crops that arise from well-tended soil usually grow more robustly. 
genetically
genetically
[pang-abay]

in a manner that is related to genetics or genes

sa genetiko, sa paraang genetiko

sa genetiko, sa paraang genetiko

Ex: The disease was found to be genetically inherited, passed down from one generation to the next. 

Ang sakit ay natagpuang genetically na minana, naipasa mula sa isang henerasyon hanggang sa susunod.

to adapt
to adapt
[Pandiwa]

to change one's behavior or habits in order to deal successfully with a new situation or environment

Ex: Emma adapted quickly to her new school. 
scale
scale
[Pangngalan]

the size, amount, or degree of one thing compared with another

sukat, laki

sukat, laki

Ex: We need to assess the scale of the problem before deciding on a suitable solution. 
advisable
advisable
[pang-uri]

better or recommended because it is wise in a given situation

maipapayo, inirerekomenda

maipapayo, inirerekomenda

Ex: It's advisable to check the weather before going hiking. 

Maipapayo na suriin ang panahon bago mag-hiking.

to modify
to modify
[Pandiwa]

to make partial changes to something, usually to improve it or make it more suitable

baguhin

baguhin

Ex: The engineers modified the design to make the machine safer. 
to affect
to affect
[Pandiwa]

to cause a change in a person, thing, etc.

apekto, baguhin

apekto, baguhin

Ex: Positive feedback can significantly affect an individual's confidence and motivation. 
to mimic
to mimic
[Pandiwa]

to copy the style, technique, or subject matter of another artist or artwork

gayahin,  kopyahin

gayahin, kopyahin

Ex: The new artist tried to mimic the brush strokes and color palette of the famous painter. 

Sinubukan ng bagong artista na gayahin ang mga stroke ng brush at color palette ng sikat na pintor.

to breed
to breed
[Pandiwa]

to develop a particular kind of animal or plant by choosing and mating specific ones to get certain qualities

mag-alaga, pumili

mag-alaga, pumili

Ex: Scientists breed horses for strength and speed. 
truss
truss
[Pangngalan]

a tight group of flowers or fruits that grow together on a single main stalk

kumpol, tungkos

kumpol, tungkos

Ex: A healthy truss means a good harvest is likely. 

Ang isang malusog na kumpol ay nangangahulugang malamang na isang magandang ani.

to catapult
to catapult
[Pandiwa]

to cause someone or something to rise quickly to a much higher level of success, importance, or attention

itapon, ipadala

itapon, ipadala

Ex: The film catapulted her to international fame. 

Ang pelikula ay nagpaangat sa kanya sa internasyonal na katanyagan.

in  {one's} sights
in one's sights
[Parirala]

within the range of a person's goals, plans, or ambitions

Ex: The company has global markets in its sights. 
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