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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア6-7) - 動物

ここでは、アカデミックIELTS試験に必要な動物に関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
amphibian
amphibian
[名詞]

any cold-blooded animal with the ability to live both on land and in water, such as toads, frogs, etc.

両生類,  amphibian

両生類, amphibian

Ex: The frog is a well-known amphibian that lays its eggs in water and undergoes metamorphosis from tadpole to adult. 

カエルは、水中に卵を産み、オタマジャクシから成虫へと変態するよく知られた両生類です。

reptile
reptile
[名詞]

a class of animals to which crocodiles, lizards, etc. belong, characterized by having cold blood and scaly skin

爬虫類, 冷血動物

爬虫類, 冷血動物

Ex: A reptile like a snake can survive in a wide range of environments. 

蛇のような爬虫類は、様々な環境で生き残ることができます。

extinction
extinction
[名詞]

a situation in which a particular animal or plant no longer exists

絶滅

絶滅

predator
predator
[名詞]

an animal that hunts, kills, and eats other animals

Ex: The wolf is an efficient predator that hunts in packs. 
snout
snout
[名詞]

the long and protruding facial part of an animal which comprises its nose and mouth, especially in a mammal

鼻口部, 鼻

鼻口部, 鼻

trunk
trunk
[名詞]

the nose of an elephant that is in the shape of a long hose

鼻, 象の鼻

鼻, 象の鼻

Ex: The elephant swung its trunk gracefully, plucking leaves from the tallest branches of the acacia tree. 

象は優雅に鼻を振り、アカシアの木の最も高い枝から葉を摘み取りました。

antenna
antenna
[名詞]

one of a pair of jointed sensory appendages on the head of insects, crustaceans, or similar organisms, often used to detect touch, taste, or movement

触角, 感覚触角

触角, 感覚触角

Ex: The ant waved its antenna as it explored the ground. 

アリは地面を探検しながら、触角を振った。

horn
horn
[名詞]

a hard, pointed, often curved growth on the head of certain animals

角,  つの

角, つの

Ex: The bull lowered its horns and charged. 
fin
fin
[名詞]

a thin flat membrane of the body of many sea creatures, used for swimming and keeping balance

ひれ, 背びれ

ひれ, 背びれ

beak
beak
[名詞]

the hard or pointed part of a bird's mouth

くちばし, 鳥のくちばし

くちばし, 鳥のくちばし

Ex: The parrot used its beak to crack open the nuts. 

オウムはくちばしを使ってナッツを割りました。

herd
herd
[名詞]

a group of animals, such as cows, sheep, etc. that are from the same species, which move and feed together

群れ, 群衆

群れ, 群衆

Ex: The zookeeper watched as the herd of giraffes wandered through the enclosure. 
tusk
tusk
[名詞]

each of the curved pointy teeth of some animals such as elephants, boars, etc., especially one that stands out from the closed mouth

牙, きば

牙, きば

Ex: The elephant displayed its majestic tusks, gleaming in the sunlight as it roamed the savanna. 

象は、サバンナを歩き回りながら、太陽の光を浴びて輝く威厳ある牙を見せた。

flock
flock
[名詞]

a group of birds that live, feed, or move together

群れ,  群

群れ, 群

Ex: A flock of geese flew over Sarah's house. 
larva
larva
[名詞]

a young form of an insect or an animal that has come out of the egg but has not yet developed into an adult

幼虫

幼虫

Ex: The larva fed on leaves before forming a pupa. 
livestock
livestock
[名詞]

animals that are kept on a farm, such as cows, pigs, or sheep

家畜, 畜産動物

家畜, 畜産動物

Ex: The farm had a variety of livestock, including cows, pigs, and sheep. 

農場には牛、豚、羊など、さまざまな家畜がいました。

herbivore
herbivore
[名詞]

any animal that only feeds on plants

草食動物

草食動物

Ex: Deer and rabbits are herbivores that graze on grass and leaves. 

鹿とウサギは草や葉を食べる草食動物です。

carnivore
carnivore
[名詞]

an animal that feeds on the flesh of other animals

肉食動物, 肉食獣

肉食動物, 肉食獣

Ex: Lions are powerful carnivores that hunt in prides. 

ライオンは、群れで狩りをする強力な肉食動物です。

vertebrate
vertebrate
[名詞]

(zoology) an animal with a backbone and a skull enclosing a brain

脊椎動物

脊椎動物

Ex: Humans, dogs, and fish are all vertebrates with distinct skeletal structures. 
invertebrate
invertebrate
[名詞]

species that do not possess or cannot develop a spinal column, such as an arthropod, mollusk, etc.

無脊椎動物, 脊椎のない動物

無脊椎動物, 脊椎のない動物

Ex: Invertebrates like butterflies and ants are vital to garden ecosystems. 

蝶や蟻のような無脊椎動物は、庭の生態系にとって重要です。

den
den
[名詞]

the hidden place where a wild predatory animal lives

巣穴,  隠れ家

巣穴, 隠れ家

Ex: Bears often construct dens in caves or burrow into the ground for hibernation during the winter months. 

クマは冬の間、冬眠のために洞窟に巣穴を作ったり、地面に穴を掘ったりすることがよくあります。

antler
antler
[名詞]

any of the pair of branched horns that grow annually on the head of an adult animal, typically a male one, from the deer family

角, 鹿の角

角, 鹿の角

hibernation
hibernation
[名詞]

a dormant state in animals, characterized by lowered body temperature and metabolic activity, often during winter to conserve energy

冬眠, ハイバーネーション

冬眠, ハイバーネーション

Ex: Bears enter a state of hibernation during the winter months to conserve energy and survive with limited food resources. 

クマは冬の間にエネルギーを節約し、限られた食料資源で生き残るために冬眠状態に入ります。

hoof
hoof
[名詞]

the horny and hard part at the end of a limb of a mammal, such as a horse

蹄, 足

蹄, 足

Ex: He noticed a small stone stuck in the horse's hoof while brushing it. 

彼は馬をブラッシングしている間に、馬の蹄に小さな石がはまっているのに気づいた。

furry
furry
[形容詞]

having an abundant covering or coat of soft, dense hair or fur

毛深い, 毛皮のような

毛深い, 毛皮のような

Ex: The cat's furry coat kept it warm during the cold winter months. 

猫の毛皮のようなコートは、寒い冬の間、暖かく保ちました。

venomous
venomous
[形容詞]

possessing or producing a toxin that is injected or delivered into another organism through a bite, sting, or other means

有毒な,  毒性の

有毒な, 毒性の

Ex: The lizard displayed its brightly colored, venomous tongue as a warning to potential predators. 

トカゲは、潜在的な捕食者への警告として、その鮮やかな色の有毒な舌を披露した。

migratory
migratory
[形容詞]

(of animals or birds) moving from one place to another, often with the changing seasons

渡りの, 移動性の

渡りの, 移動性の

Ex: Geese are migratory birds that fly south for the winter. 

ガチョウは冬のために南へ飛ぶ渡り鳥です。

ruminant
ruminant
[形容詞]

describing an animal that has a stomach with four compartments and chews cud as part of its digestion process

反芻する, 反芻動物の

反芻する, 反芻動物の

Ex: The cow, a ruminant animal, spends much of its day chewing cud. 

牛は反芻動物で、一日の大半を反芻して過ごします。

marine
marine
[形容詞]

of, relating to, found in, or living in the sea

海洋の,  海の

海洋の, 海の

Ex: Marine pollution threatens many coastal ecosystems. 
bipedal
bipedal
[形容詞]

having two legs

二足歩行の, 二本足の

二足歩行の, 二本足の

Ex: Humans are bipedal creatures, walking upright on two legs. 

人間は二足歩行の生き物で、二本の足で直立して歩きます。

whisker
whisker
[名詞]

any of the long, stiff hairs that grow on the face of a cat, mouse, etc.

ひげ, 感覚毛

ひげ, 感覚毛

Ex: The cat's whiskers twitched as it watched a bird outside the window. 

猫のひげが窓の外の鳥を見ているときにピクッと動いた。

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