ケンブリッジIELTS 19 - アカデミック - テスト4 - リーディング - パッセージ2 (3)

signifying a matter of deep concern

someone or something that is possible to cause danger, trouble, or harm

absolutely necessary and of great importance

a particular activity of a person or thing or their purpose

particles of solid material that settle at the bottom of a liquid

in a way that carries particular importance or meaning, often in relation to the context

to disrupt or alter the usual order or operation of something

the scientific study of the oceans, including their physical, chemical, biological, and geological aspects

to take up, cover, or use the entire space or extent of something

to a specific degree, particularly when compared to other similar things

the highest-ranking person in a company or organization, responsible for making major decisions and managing overall operations

to begin to exist or become noticeable

a period of rapid movement of people to a region where gold has been discovered, often leading to economic growth and social change

an important or distinctive aspect of something

done or existed before the present time

an unceremonious and disorganized struggle

used to point out that something or someone is part of a set or group

applicable in most or all cases, without exceptions

lack of attention and due care

the social process of becoming or being made marginal (especially as a group within the larger society)

relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

an essay or dissertation that is written in order to be read in an academic seminar or to be published in a journal

a specific location or facility where a particular activity, function, or purpose is focused

the ground at the bottom of the sea or the floor of the ocean

restricted in scope, extent, or degree

the 4th planet of the solar system located between earth and Jupiter

the 2nd planet of the solar system located between Mercury and earth

to systematically examine and record geographical features, data, or information

in a thorough and complete manner, providing a comprehensive examination or explanation of a subject

to express one's opinion through a statement

concerning a specific topic or issue

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

a magazine or newspaper that gives information about a specific topic

a fissure in the earth's crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt

to come into contact with or to join together

related to or formed by the activity of volcanoes

liquid or semi-liquid rock that exists under the earth's surface with an extremely hot temperature

having great importance, often having a significant impact on the outcome of a situation

the existence of a range of different plants and animals in a natural environment

the area or conditions immediately around something or someone where it exists or operates

a sea creature with a hard shell and jointed legs such as crabs and lobsters

an edible marine shellfish living in sand or mud

a small mollusk that moves very slowly and closely resembles a snail without shell

a sea polyp that is predatory and resembles a flower, having bright colors

in a manner that is gradually growing in degree, extent, or frequency over time

to introduce danger, a threat, problem, etc.

related to hot water, especially water heated by the earth, often found deep underground or near volcanoes

a type of marine worm that lives inside a tube-like structure, often made from minerals or mucus, and is usually found in deep-sea environments

a cloud of smoke, steam, or vapor that is released into the air

the bottom of a sea or ocean