Cambridge IELTS 19 - Học thuật - Bài kiểm tra 2 - Đọc - Đoạn 1 (2)
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Đố vui
a small-scale business or manufacturing activity that is done at home or in small workshops, often by individuals or families

ngành thủ công nghiệp, công nghiệp gia đình
to carry out or execute a task, duty, action, or ceremony, often in a formal or official capacity

thực hiện, tiến hành
a building or room in which particular goods are made or fixed by different means

xưởng, phân xưởng
a person who spins fibers, such as wool, cotton, or silk, into yarn or thread using various tools

thợ kéo sợi, người quay sợi
a skilled craftsman or craftswoman who creates woven fabrics and textiles by interlacing threads or yarns on a loom using various techniques and patterns

thợ dệt, người dệt vải
a person who dyes or colors fabrics or materials, often as a profession

thợ nhuộm, người pha màu
a machine invented in the 18th century that spins multiple threads at once, making the process of producing yarn much faster and more efficient

Máy kéo sợi jenny, Jenny quay sợi
a mechanical device used in weaving fabric, which makes the process faster and more efficient than hand weaving

máy dệt cơ khí, khung dệt chạy bằng máy
the process of interlacing two sets of yarn or thread, called the warp and the weft, using a loom or other weaving device, to create fabric or textiles

dệt, đan
material used for making clothes, which is made by knitting or weaving silk, cotton, etc.

vải, vải vóc
the process of manually or mechanically twisting fibers such as wool, cotton, silk, or synthetic materials, into yarn or thread that can be used for various textile applications

kéo sợi, xoắn
a long continuous length of fibers that have been spun together to be used in knitting, weaving, or sewing

sợi, len
a thin strand of material, such as cotton, nylon, or silk, used for sewing or weaving

sợi, chỉ
work, particularly difficult physical work

lao động, công việc
using machines to perform tasks that were previously done by hand

cơ giới hóa, tự động hóa
a person, organization, company, etc. that pays to get things from businesses or stores

khách hàng, người mua
to experience or endure a process, change, or event

trải qua, chịu đựng
serious and of great importance

quan trọng, nghiêm trọng
to accept, embrace, or incorporate a particular idea, practice, or belief into one's own behavior or lifestyle

chấp nhận, áp dụng
the most prominent part of something

chính, phần nổi bật nhất
a rock that contains valuable mineral or metal

quặng, khoáng sản
a type of fuel made by heating coal in the absence of air, which results in a solid material high in carbon

than cốc, cốc
to raise the temperature of something

đun nóng, làm nóng
belonging to or following the methods or thoughts that are old as opposed to new or different ones

truyền thống, cổ điển
a hard black substance consisting of an amorphous form of carbon which is made by slowly burning wood and is used as fuel or for drawing

than củi, than
to become something greater in quantity, importance, or size

mở rộng, phát triển
as a reaction or answer to something

để đáp lại, như một phản ứng với
an increase in the amount, size, importance, or degree of something

sự mở rộng, sự phát triển
a system or network of tracks with the trains, organization, and people needed to operate them

đường sắt, hệ thống đường sắt
used to refer to the second of two individuals or things mentioned in a preceding statement

cái sau
to be the setting or time of an event

thấy, chứng kiến
progress or improvement in a particular area

tiến bộ, sự tiến triển
in a manner that is gradually growing in degree, extent, or frequency over time

ngày càng
to obtain legal ownership and protection for an invention or innovation

đăng ký bằng sáng chế, cấp bằng sáng chế
a device used to send messages over long distances through wires using electrical signals, often in the form of Morse code

điện báo, máy điện báo
a way, system, object, etc. through which one can achieve a goal or accomplish a task

phương tiện, công cụ
an accident that occurs when two or more objects, often in motion, come into violent contact with each other, resulting in damage or destruction

va chạm, tai nạn
extremely vast in degree or intensity

khổng lồ, to lớn
to rise in amount, rate, etc.

tăng tốc, tăng lên
to a significantly large extent or by a considerable amount

đáng kể, một cách đáng kể
the process of developing and expanding industries within a region or country, involving the increased production of goods through the use of advanced machinery, technology, and organized labor

công nghiệp hóa, sự phát triển công nghiệp
an increase in something's number, amount, size, power, or value

sự tăng lên, sự gia tăng
to make something change and become something else

biến thành, chuyển thành
occurring or moving with great speed

nhanh, mau lẹ
the process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas, resulting in the growth of cities and the expansion of urban areas

đô thị hóa, quá trình đô thị hóa
important or great enough to be noticed or have an impact

quan trọng, đáng kể
(of a space or area) filled with too many people or things, causing discomfort or lack of space

quá đông đúc, chật ních
to experience and be affected by something bad or unpleasant

chịu đựng, trải qua
the condition or state in which something such as air, water, or land is polluted

ô nhiễm, sự ô nhiễm
not meeting the expected level of quality, skill, or ability
the condition or practice of maintaining clean and healthy environments, especially in public places, to prevent the spread of disease

vệ sinh, vệ sinh công cộng
a warm and soft material that comes from the fur of sheep or lamb, which is commonly used to make clothing such as sweaters, coats, and hats

len, sợi len
cloth that is made from the fibers of a plant called flax, used to make fine clothes, etc.

vải lanh, vải làm từ cây lanh
cloth made from the fibers of the cotton plant, naturally soft and comfortable against the skin

bông
happening or existing before something else

trước, trước đó
relating to the country, people, or culture of the United Kingdom

Anh
foreign countries outside one's own country

nước ngoài, các nước ngoài
the process of heating and melting rocks or ores to take out metals from them

nấu chảy, luyện kim
relating to Napoleon Bonaparte, the French military leader and emperor, or the period during his rule

thuộc Napoléon, liên quan đến Napoléon Bonaparte
the act of sending or receiving messages or information through gestures, sounds, or symbols to communicate over a distance

tín hiệu, phát tín hiệu
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