Interjections
Interjections and exclamations are different from each other. They are special words and part of speech. In this lesson, we will learn all about them.
What Are Interjections?
Interjections: Types
Interjections are a broad category and include many different types, here we have listed some of the common ones:
- greetings (hey, bye)
- response particles (okay, oh!, m-hm, huh?)
- hesitation markers (uh, er, um)
- multi-words (oh my God! Holy crap!)
- swear words (damn! f*!)
- other words (stop, cool)
Greetings
Response Particles
Some expressions, such as 'yes', 'no', 'indeed', 'nope', etc. are used as interjections:
Can you stop that? -
Did you write your essay? -
Hesitation Markers
You can use these interjections to indicate hesitation or pause:
I don't know what to say,
Multi-words
There are interjections that are more than one word or sound:
Swear Words
Some swear words can be used as interjections:
How to Use Interjections
Interjections usually stand alone, and mostly at the beginning of sentences. But there is not any specific rule regarding where an interjection must be used, you can use them before or after the sentence that is explaining the situation. You can use them in the middle of a sentence, or you can use them alone (if it makes sense in the context).
At the beginning of the sentence
We lost it,
At the end of the sentence
I may have not finished it, but,
In the middle of a sentence
It'll take 2 hours (wow!) to check out the park entirely.
In the middle of a sentence
Punctuation and Interjections
Interjections should be accompanied by punctuation marks; we cannot just drop them in the sentence. Usually, we can use an exclamation mark with them:
If they are used in the middle of a sentence, we use parenthesis or commas to separate them from the rest of the sentence:
I forgot to do the dishes (
Tip!
When we use an interjection in the middle of a sentence, we should treat it as a parenthetical element that is separate from the rest of the sentence. So, we should either put it in parentheses or between two commas.
We usually use an exclamation mark (!) for strong interjections and a period (.) or comma (,) for mild interjections.
Where to Use Interjections
Since the interjections have no connection with the structure of the sentence, it is hard to misuse them. We should focus on whether their use is appropriate in a specific context or not. For example, using interjections in formal writing is inappropriate. But it's okay to use them when speaking or writing something informal. In the following, you can see some of the emotions and the interjections associated with them:
Irritation | ugh! | Pff! | Hmph! |
---|---|---|---|
Doubt | Umm! | Huh? | Really? |
Fear | Yikes! | Yeek! | Uh-oh! |
Boredom | Sigh! | Pff! | Uh! |
Satisfaction | Yummy! | Mmm! | Yeah! |
Dissatisfaction | Aah! | Blast! | Bollock! |
Disagree | Tsk tsk! | Tut! | Nah! |
Understanding | Aha! | Hum! | Aw! |
Embarrassment | Whoops! | Gee! | Ahem! |
Disgust | Yuck! | Ew! | Gak! |
Relief | Phew! | Whoa! | Whew! |
Pain | Ouch! | Ow! | Aya! |
Surprise | Oh! | Wow! | Really? |
Happiness | Yay! | Hurray! | Woo-hoo! |
Some interjections can describe different feelings with different tones, so these are not fixed rules and the situation needs to be considered.
What are Exclamation?
Exclamations are clauses or phrases also used to show strong feelings or sudden emotions, we usually put an exclamation mark at the end of these sentences. Examples:
What a beautiful day!
How nice to see you!
I won the race!
Interjections vs. Exclamations
Even though they might look the same, they have their differences. Let's have a look:
Interjections | Exclamations |
---|---|
Interjections are words or phrases (part of speech) that are used to express strong feeling or sudden emotions, they have no grammatical value or connection to the sentence. | Exclamations are clauses or phrases also used to show strong feeling or sudden emotions. |
They are usually single words or short phrases. | Mostly are longer than interjections. |
Their punctuation can be exclamation marks, commas or question marks. | Their punctuation is always exclamation marks. |
They can be sounds, introductory expressions, adjectives, and nouns. | They are meaningful phrases and clauses. |