Relational Adjectives - Adjectives of Geography

These adjectives pertain to the characteristics, features, and qualities associated with different places and regions on Earth.

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Relational Adjectives
Arctic [adjective]

belonging or related to the region around the North Pole

Ex: Arctic exploration requires specialized equipment and training due to harsh conditions .
oceanic [adjective]

associated with or occurring in the open ocean

Ex: Oceanic species , such as whales and dolphins , inhabit the open ocean .
oriental [adjective]

related to the cultures, languages, or regions of East Asia

Ex: Oriental medicine , such as acupuncture and herbal remedies , originated in East Asia .
polar [adjective]

relating to the regions near the Earth's North and South Poles

Ex:
volcanic [adjective]

related to or formed by the activity of volcanoes

Ex: Volcanic ash can travel long distances and affect air quality and visibility .
nautical [adjective]

related to ships, navigation, or the sea

Ex: Nautical terms , such as port and starboard , are used to describe directions on a ship .
urban [adjective]

addressing the structures, functions, or issues of cities and their populations

Ex: Urban sociology explores how people interact within city environments .
rural [adjective]

related to or characteristic of the countryside

Ex: The rural landscape is characterized by vast fields , rolling hills , and meandering streams .
tropical [adjective]

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

Ex: She enjoyed vacationing in tropical destinations with sandy beaches and clear blue waters .
continental [adjective]

originating from to relating to the large landmasses on Earth's surface known as continents

Ex:
coastal [adjective]

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

Ex: The coastal region is home to diverse marine life , including fish , dolphins , and seabirds .
tidal [adjective]

related to the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun

Ex:
atlantic [adjective]

associated with the Atlantic Ocean, the second largest ocean in the world, lying between the Americas to the west and Europe and Africa to the east

Ex: Atlantic fish species include cod , tuna , and swordfish , among others .
sub-saharan [adjective]

related to or situated south of the Sahara Desert, particularly in Africa

Ex: Sub-Saharan music and dance traditions showcase the rich cultural heritage of the region .
tectonic [adjective]

relating to the movement and arrangement of the Earth's crust

Ex: Tectonic forces cause the Earth 's crust to uplift , creating mountain ranges .
seismic [adjective]

related to or caused by an earthquake

Ex: The seismic waves generated by an earthquake can cause buildings to shake and collapse .
geothermal [adjective]

connected with or produced by the heat inside the earth

Ex: Geothermal heating systems use the natural warmth of the Earth to heat buildings in colder climates .
geological [adjective]

related to the study or processes of the Earth's structure, composition, and history

Ex: Geological erosion occurs when wind , water , or ice gradually wear away rock and soil .
geographical [adjective]

related to the study or characteristics of the Earth's surface, including its features, landscapes, and locations

Ex: Geographical coordinates , such as latitude and longitude , are used to pinpoint specific locations on the Earth 's surface .
topographical [adjective]

related to the detailed mapping or description of the physical features and landscape of a particular area

Ex: The construction project required a topographical study to assess the suitability of the land .
archipelagic [adjective]

related to or characteristic of an archipelago, a group or chain of islands

Ex: The archipelagic state of Japan is located in the Pacific Ocean and comprises thousands of islands .
alluvial [adjective]

related to material deposited by flowing water, often found in riverbeds and floodplains

Ex:
subterranean [adjective]

situated, occurring, or existing beneath the surface of the earth

Ex: Our city has a network of subterranean passages used for utilities .