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Modal Verbs in Spanish

Modal Verbs

Verbos modales

Modal verbs express ability, permission, or obligation and accompany another verb. Example: poder, deber, tener que.

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Light Verbs in Spanish

Light Verbs

Verbos de apoyo

Light verbs provide grammatical meaning to a verbal noun. Example: dar un paseo, tener miedo, hacer esfuerzo.

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Informal future in Spanish

Informal future

Futuro perifrástico

Informal future expresses a near future action using "ir a" + infinitive. Example: voy a viajar.

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Present Progressive in Spanish

Present Progressive

Presente progresivo

Present progressive shows actions happening right now. It is formed with "estar" + present participle.

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Imperfect Past

Pretérito imperfecto

Imperfect past expresses ongoing or habitual past actions. Example: jugaba, vivíamos, hablaban.

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Simple Conditional

Condicional simple

Simple conditional expresses hypotheses, wishes, or politeness. Example: me gustaría, viajaría, comerías.

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Imperfect Subjunctive

Pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo

Imperfect subjunctive expresses unreality, wish, or politeness in the past. Example: si tuviera dinero, iría contigo.

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Conjugation

Conjugación

Conjugation is the verb variation by person, number, tense, and mood. It shows who performs the action and when it happens.

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Past Progressive

Imperfecto progresivo

Past progressive expresses actions ongoing at a past time. Example: estaba leyendo, estaban jugando.

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Future Perfect

Futuro perfecto

Future perfect expresses an action that will be finished in the future. Example: habré terminado.

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Reflexive Verbs

Verbos reflexivos

Reflexive verbs show the subject acts on itself. Used with reflexive pronouns: me, te, se, nos.

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Infinitive

Infinitivo

The infinitive is the base form of the verb, not conjugated. Functions as noun or complement. Example: to speak, to eat, to live.

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Auxiliary Verbs

Verbos auxiliares

Auxiliary verbs help the main verb form compound tenses or passive voice. Example: haber, ser, estar.

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Simple Past

Pretérito perfecto simple

Simple past describes completed actions at a definite past time. Example: comí, viajamos, escribieron.

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Present Tense

Presente

Present tense expresses current, habitual, or general actions. Example: vivo en Madrid, estudio todos los días.

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Imperative Mood

Imperativo

Imperative mood expresses commands, advice, or invitations. It uses direct forms without a subject. Example: ven, escucha, hazlo.

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Present Subjunctive

Presente de subjuntivo

Present subjunctive expresses doubt, wish, or emotion in the present. Example: espero que vengas, ojalá llueva.

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Past Perfect

Pretérito pluscuamperfecto

Past perfect shows an action completed before another past event. Example: había llegado antes.

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Present Perfect

Pretérito perfecto compuesto

Present perfect links past actions to the present. Example: he visto, hemos comido.

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Simple Future

Futuro simple

Simple future indicates future actions or assumptions. Example: estudiaré, saldrán, será.

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