الفنون والحرف - صناعة الخزف والزجاج

the skill or activity of making dishes, pots, etc. using clay

الفخار

the process or art of making objects out of clay that are heated to become resistant

الخزف

a white clay that is composed mainly of the mineral kaolinite

طين الصين

the result of something burning that often produces heat, flame, light, and smoke

نار

a type of furnace or oven that is used for baking or drying pottery, ceramics, or bricks

فرن

to form and press dough or wet clay with the hands

عجن

a liquid clay mixture used in ceramics, pottery, and other crafts

ملاط

a form of Spanish and Portuguese painted tin-glazed ceramic tilework

أزوليجو

a decorative glassware that features raised designs carved into layers of different colored glass

زجاج كاميو

a hard material that is often clear and is used for making windows, bottles, etc.

زجاج

a form of visual art that uses glass as the primary medium and includes various techniques such as glassblowing, kiln-casting, stained glass, and fused glass, among others

فن الزجاج

a type of three-dimensional sculpture or image that is created by trapping and suspending small objects, such as photographs or trinkets, inside a transparent resin or acrylic block that is filled with bubbles

فقاعة غرام

the process of shaping and manipulating glass rods or tubes over a flame to create decorative beads that can be used for jewelry-making, embellishments, or other decorative purposes

صنع خرز زجاجي

the activity or craft of using a special tube to blow air into molten glass in order to make glass objects and ornaments

نفخ الزجاج

the art and science of creating glass objects by melting glass under high temperatures, shaping it through various techniques

صناعة الزجاج

colorful pieces of glass put together in decorative patterns to form pictorial designs, typically found in the windows of churches

زجاج ملون

objects that are made of glass, particularly ones used for eating and drinking

أدوات زجاجية

a hard, white, translucent ceramic material that is known for its strength, durability, and translucency

الخزف

a type of porcelain that is made from a mixture of bone ash and other materials, and is known for its thin, translucent quality, high strength, and whiteness

بون الصين

a type of clay that is fired at high temperatures, resulting in a dense, durable, and non-porous ceramic material that is ideal for making functional objects

حجر مطحون

a type of pottery that is made from clay that is fired at relatively low temperatures, resulting in a porous, rustic, and often glazed ceramic material

فخار

a form of ceramic decoration that involves painting on glazed or unglazed porcelain or bone china using specialized china paints or pigments that are fired at high temperatures to permanently fuse the design onto the surface of the ceramic

طلاء الصين

a type of earthenware or stoneware pottery that is decorated with liquid clay (called slip) that is applied to the surface of the pot before firing

الفخار المزخرف بالانزلاق

a type of fine, polished ceramic ware that was originally made in ancient Rome by applying a thin layer of refined clay slip to the surface of a vessel, burnishing it to create a smooth finish, and then firing it at low temperatures

تيرا سيجيلا

a flat piece of baked clay or other material, mostly in the shape of a square, used for covering floors or walls

بلاطة

a small decorative statue or sculpture typically made from materials such as porcelain, ceramic, wood, or resin

تمثال صغير

a type of fired clay that is commonly used for architectural and decorative purposes

تيراكوتا

a decorative technique that involves cutting and etching designs into the surface of a glass object, often using hydrofluoric acid, to create a frosted or matte appearance

زجاج مزخرف

a type of earthenware pottery that is coated with a white tin-based glaze, which creates a smooth, opaque surface that can be decorated with colorful painted designs before firing

الفخار المغلّف بالقصدير

a type of heavy and sticky soil that is molded when wet and is baked to become hardened in pottery or ceramic making

طين

a type of pottery wheel used to shape clay into pottery and other ceramic objects

عجلة الفخار

a pottery technique that involves creating forms or building up the walls of a pot or sculpture by layering and smoothing coils of clay on top of one another

التفاف

the first firing of clay at a relatively low temperature, without any glaze applied, to harden the clay and prepare it for further decoration or glazing in a second firing at a higher temperature

بيسك

a glassmaking technique that involves heating multiple pieces of glass in a kiln until they melt and fuse together, creating a single, solid piece with unique patterns, textures, and colors

صهر الزجاج

a technique of using compressed air and fine abrasive particles, such as sand or glass beads, to etch, carve, or roughen the surface of a material

الرمل السفلي

a glassworking technique that involves melting glass rods or tubes over a flame or torch and shaping them using various tools and techniques to create intricate designs, beads, sculptures, and other decorative objects

عمل الزجاج بالنار

a process of gradually cooling a material, such as glass or metal, from a high temperature to room temperature to reduce internal stress and increase its strength and durability

تسخين

a recycled glass material that is crushed into small, uniform pieces and used as a raw material in glassmaking to reduce energy consumption and waste

كوليت

a decorative technique that involves assembling colored glass pieces using lead strips or came to create designs or images, often used in windows, doors, and other architectural features of buildings

زجاج ملون

a type of glass that has a thin metallic coating applied to its surface using a vacuum deposition process, which reflects and transmits different colors of light, creating a unique iridescent effect and changing colors depending on the angle of view

زجاج ثنائي اللون

a tool used to score or cut glass, often with a diamond or tungsten carbide blade, to create straight or curved lines, shapes, or patterns for use in various glassworking or glazing applications

قاطع الزجاج

a type of crushed or powdered glass material that is often used as a raw material in glassmaking, ceramic glazes, and other applications to add color, texture, or other properties to the final product

فريت