Agham ACT - Neurolohiya at Biyokimya ng Dugo
Matutunan ang ACT science vocabulary para sa neurology at blood biochemistry, kabilang ang nervous system, brain function, blood components, circulation, at biochemical processes.
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the process by which new neurons are generated in the brain, occurring primarily during prenatal development but also continuing into adulthood in certain brain regions
neurohenesis, pagbuo ng neuron
Ang pisikal na ehersisyo ay ipinakita upang mapahusay ang neurogenesis sa hippocampus, isang rehiyon ng utak na mahalaga para sa pag-aaral at memorya.
a neurological phenomenon where stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway
synesthesia, synesthesia
Sa synesthesia, ang pakikinig ng musika ay maaaring mag-evoke ng pang-unawa ng mga kulay o hugis.
a physical feeling or perception produced by stimulation of the body or a sense organ
pandama, sensasyon
a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body
neuron, selula ng nerbiyos
Ang mga neuron ay nagpapadala ng mga signal sa bilis na hanggang 120 metro bawat segundo.
the tissue in the central nervous system composed of myelinated nerve fibers
puting bagay, puting materya
the outer layer of neural tissue in the parietal lobe involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness
parietal cortex, panlabas na layer ng neural tissue sa parietal lobe
the temporary storage of information that is currently being used or actively processed by the brain, typically for a few seconds to a few minutes
maikling-term memory, pansamantalang memorya
Ang maikling-termeng memorya ay nagbibigay-daan sa atin na matandaan ang isang numero ng telepono nang sapat na katagalan upang ito ay i-dial.
a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle
neurotransmitter
Ang neurotransmitter na dopamine ay kasangkot sa regulasyon ng mood.
a curved structure in the brain responsible for memory formation, learning, and spatial navigationa curved structure in the brain responsible for memory formation, learning, and spatial navigation
hippocampus, kurba na istraktura sa utak na responsable sa pagbuo ng memorya
a scientist who studies the structure, function, and disorders of the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord
neuroscientist, dalubhasa sa neurosensya
Ang neuroscientist ay nagsagawa ng mga eksperimento upang siyasatin ang mga epekto ng dopamine sa paggawa ng desisyon.
a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter
synapse, sugpong ng dalawang nerve cell
Ang mga neurotransmitter na inilabas sa synapse ay nakakabit sa mga receptor sa tumatanggap na neuron, na nagpapadali sa paghahatid ng nerve impulses.
a comprehensive map or diagram that depicts the complete set of neural connections within a nervous system
connectome, mapa ng mga koneksyon ng neural
relating to the part of the nervous system that promotes relaxation and digestion in the body
parasympathetic
Ang chronic stress ay maaaring makasira sa parasympathetic function, na nag-aambag sa mga isyu sa kalusugan tulad ng mga problema sa pagtunaw at insomnia.
a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed
neurosis, sakit sa isip
Ang neurosis ay madalas na nagpapakita bilang talamak na pagkabalisa, obsessive na mga pag-uugali, o mga takot na nakakasagabal sa pang-araw-araw na paggana.
relating to bodily functions that occur automatically, without conscious effort or control
awtonomiko, berhalaman
Ang paglalabas ng pawis ay isang awtonomikong tugon upang ayusin ang temperatura ng katawan.
the branch of medicine and physiology dealing with the endocrine system that controls the hormones in one's body
endokrinolohiya
Ang Endocrinology ay ang sangay ng medisina na nakatuon sa pag-aaral at paggamot ng mga karamdaman na may kaugnayan sa hormone.
a hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles and promotes restful sleep
melatonin, hormon ng pagtulog
a hormone produced mainly by the stomach that stimulates appetite and regulates hunger
ghrelin, hormon ng gutom
Karaniwang tumataas ang mga antas ng ghrelin bago kumain, na nagpapahiwatig ng pangangailangan ng katawan para sa pagkain.
a hormone produced primarily by fat cells that helps regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger and promoting feelings of fullness
leptin, hormon ng pagkabusog
(biochemistry) the main female sex hormone that controls reproduction and female traits
estrogen
a neurotransmitter primarily found in the brain and gastrointestinal tract that plays a key role in mood regulation, appetite, sleep, and various physiological functions
serotonin, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)
Ang mga antas ng serotonin ay madalas na nauugnay sa mga pakiramdam ng kagalingan at kaligayahan.
(biochemistry) a hormone and neurotransmitter that prepares the body for action and helps maintain alertness and focus
norepinephrine
a compound released by cells in response to injury, allergy, or immune reactions, causing inflammation, itching, and other allergy symptoms
histamine
Ang antihistamines ay karaniwang ginagamit upang mapawi ang mga sintomas ng allergic reactions sa pamamagitan ng pag-block sa mga receptor ng histamine.
a biochemical assembly that transports fats in the bloodstream, composed of proteins and lipids
lipoprotein, protinang lipid
Ang high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ay madalas na tinutukoy bilang "good cholesterol" dahil tumutulong ito na alisin ang cholesterol sa bloodstream.
a biological indicator found in blood that can be measured and evaluated to indicate a particular physiological or pathological condition, or the response to treatment
biomarker, marker na biyolohikal
(biochemistry) a small molecule that cells link together to build proteins
amino acid
a medical condition characterized by an excess of acid in the blood and body tissues, resulting in a lower pH than normal
acidosis, acidemia
Ang diabetic ketoacidosis ay isang malubhang anyo ng acidosis na maaaring mangyari sa mga taong may hindi kontroladong diabetes.
a medical condition characterized by an excess of base or alkali in the blood and body tissues, resulting in a higher pH than normal
alkalosis, alkalemia
Ang respiratory alkalosis ay maaaring mangyari kapag may hyperventilation, na nagdudulot ng pagbaba sa mga antas ng carbon dioxide sa dugo.
having the ability to restrain, limit, or suppress activity or function
pampigil, pansawata
Ang GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) ay isang inhibitory neurotransmitter na tumutulong sa pag-regulate ng neural activity sa utak.
a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells
hemoglobin, globin
Ang mga pagkaing mayaman sa bakal ay sumusuporta sa mga antas ng hemoglobin.
a small protein that regulates immune responses and cell communication in the human body
cytokine, protina ng signal ng selula
