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Cambridge English : CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Interdiction et Prévention

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
to balk
[verbe]

to be reluctant to do something or allow it to happen, particularly because it is dangerous, difficult, or unpleasant

rechigner

rechigner

Ex: Despite their enthusiasm , the team balked when faced with the project 's tight deadlines .Malgré leur enthousiasme, l'équipe a **reculé** face aux délais serrés du projet.

to stop something from happening by acting ahead of time

prévenir, déjouer

prévenir, déjouer

Ex: She bought all the tickets to forestall anyone else from going to the show .Les négociations précoces ont aidé à **prévenir** une grève potentielle.

to forbid a specific action

interdire, prohiber

interdire, prohiber

Ex: In an effort to control the spread of the disease , the health department decided to interdict travel to and from affected regions .Dans un effort pour contrôler la propagation de la maladie, le département de la santé a décidé d'**interdire** les voyages vers et depuis les régions touchées.
to obviate
[verbe]

to anticipate and act in a way that prevents a negative outcome from occurring

obvier à

obvier à

Ex: The design changes obviated the need for additional revisions later on .Les protocoles de sécurité améliorés **obvient** aux accidents du travail.
to occlude
[verbe]

to hide or conceal by covering or obstructing

occulter, obstruer

occulter, obstruer

Ex: The landslide occluded the road , blocking access to the remote village .Le glissement de terrain a **obstrué** la route, bloquant l'accès au village reculé.

to officially ban the existence or practice of something

proscrire

proscrire

Ex: The new regulations will proscribe the operation of outdated machinery in factories .Les nouvelles réglementations vont **interdire** le fonctionnement de machines obsolètes dans les usines.
to curtail
[verbe]

to place limits or boundaries on something to reduce its scope or size

limiter, réduire, rogner sur

limiter, réduire, rogner sur

Ex: Changes to the policy have curtailed the misuse of resources .Les modifications apportées à la politique ont **limité** l'utilisation abusive des ressources.

to stop or prevent something from happening

empêcher

empêcher

Ex: The proposed changes are designed to preclude future financial crises .Les changements proposés sont conçus pour **empêcher** de futures crises financières.
to stymie
[verbe]

to prevent the occurrence or achievement of something

contrarier, contrecarrer

contrarier, contrecarrer

Ex: The shortage of skilled workers could stymie the industry 's growth potential .La pénurie de travailleurs qualifiés pourrait **entraver** le potentiel de croissance de l'industrie.
to stint
[verbe]

to give, provide, or allow only a small or limited amount of something

mesurer, lésiner

mesurer, lésiner

to restrict the things someone can or wants to do

étouffer

étouffer

Ex: The toxic relationship constricted her social life , as her partner became increasingly jealous and controlling .La relation toxique **a restreint** sa vie sociale, alors que son partenaire devenait de plus en plus jaloux et contrôlant.
abstemious
[Adjectif]

avoiding too much consumption of alcoholic drinks or food

sobre

sobre

Ex: The doctor advised him to adopt an abstemious approach to alcohol consumption for the sake of his health .Le médecin lui a conseillé d'adopter une approche **abstinente** en matière de consommation d'alcool pour sa santé.
ascetic
[nom]

a person who lives a strict life and avoids physical pleasures, particularly due to religious beliefs

ascète

ascète

Ex: The ascetic devoted his life to meditation and solitude in the mountains .L'**ascète** a consacré sa vie à la méditation et à la solitude dans les montagnes.
celibate
[Adjectif]

refraining from participating in sexual relations or marriage

chaste

chaste

Ex: While celibate practices vary among cultures and religions , the underlying principle is often rooted in discipline and self-control .Bien que les pratiques **célibataires** varient selon les cultures et les religions, le principe sous-jacent est souvent enraciné dans la discipline et la maîtrise de soi.
chaste
[Adjectif]

refraining from sexual activity outside of marriage or entirely

chaste, pur

chaste, pur

Ex: The priest encouraged young people to lead chaste lives .Le prêtre a encouragé les jeunes à mener des vies **chastes**.

to become less aggressive or assertive

Ex: The lawyer advised his client to draw in his horns and settle out of court to avoid further trouble.

an official order or rule that bans or forbids a specific action

interdiction, prohibition

interdiction, prohibition

a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

moyen de dissuasion, dissuasif, dissuasive

moyen de dissuasion, dissuasif, dissuasive

Ex: The complex application process proved to be a deterrent for many applicants .Le processus de candidature complexe s'est avéré être un **désincitatif** pour de nombreux candidats.

to act as a powerful factor

compromettre, faire obstacle à, s'opposer à

compromettre, faire obstacle à, s'opposer à

Ex: His criminal record may militate against his chances of getting the job .Son casier judiciaire peut **militer** contre ses chances d'obtenir le poste.
hermetic
[Adjectif]

completely sealed against the entry or escape of air

hermétique

hermétique

to avert
[verbe]

to redirect one's gaze or attention away from something or someone

détourner

détourner

Ex: Feeling uncomfortable , she averted her eyes from the heated argument between her parents .Se sentant mal à l'aise, elle **détourna** les yeux de la dispute animée entre ses parents.
to preempt
[verbe]

to render a plan or action ineffective or unnecessary by doing something before it happens

devancer

devancer

Ex: She preempted any further discussion by addressing all the potential concerns in her speech .Elle a **deviné** toute discussion supplémentaire en abordant toutes les préoccupations potentielles dans son discours.
Cambridge English : CPE (C2 Proficiency)
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