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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Zákaz a Prevence

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
to balk
to balk
[sloveso]

to be reluctant to do something or allow it to happen, particularly because it is dangerous, difficult, or unpleasant

váhat, ustupovat

váhat, ustupovat

Ex: He balked at the idea of taking on such a risky project. 
to forestall
to forestall
[sloveso]

to stop something from happening by acting ahead of time

zabránit, předejít

zabránit, předejít

Ex: She took painkillers to forestall a migraine. 
to interdict
to interdict
[sloveso]

to forbid a specific action

zakázat, zabránit

zakázat, zabránit

Ex: The court decided to interdict the release of sensitive information to protect national security. 
to obviate
to obviate
[sloveso]

to anticipate and act in a way that prevents a negative outcome from occurring

předejít, vyhnout se

předejít, vyhnout se

Ex: Regular maintenance obviates costly repairs down the line. 
to occlude
to occlude
[sloveso]

to hide or conceal by covering or obstructing

zakrýt, ucpat

zakrýt, ucpat

Ex: The thick curtains were drawn to occlude the harsh sunlight. 
to proscribe
to proscribe
[sloveso]

to officially ban the existence or practice of something

zakázat, vyloučit

zakázat, vyloučit

Ex: The government decided to proscribe the use of certain chemicals due to environmental concerns. 
to curtail
to curtail
[sloveso]

to place limits or boundaries on something to reduce its scope or size

omezit, snížit

omezit, snížit

Ex: Rising costs have led many companies to curtail benefits and perks for employees in recent years. 
to preclude
to preclude
[sloveso]

to stop or prevent something from happening

zabránit, vyloučit

zabránit, vyloučit

Ex: Strict security measures in place preclude unauthorized entry into the restricted zone. 
to stymie
to stymie
[sloveso]

to prevent the occurrence or achievement of something

překážet, bránit

překážet, bránit

Ex: The unexpected technical issues stymied the team's efforts to launch the product on time. 
to stint
to stint
[sloveso]

to give, provide, or allow only a small or limited amount of something

škudlit, omezovat

škudlit, omezovat

Ex: The company stinted its employees on bonuses this year. 
to constrict
to constrict
[sloveso]

to restrict the things someone can or wants to do

omezit, omezovat

omezit, omezovat

Ex: The strict rules constricted the students' freedom to express themselves creatively. 
abstemious
abstemious
[Přídavné jméno]

avoiding too much consumption of alcoholic drinks or food

střídmý, umírněný

střídmý, umírněný

Ex: John is known for his abstemious lifestyle, opting for a balanced diet and moderate portions. 
ascetic
ascetic
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who lives a strict life and avoids physical pleasures, particularly due to religious beliefs

asket, asketická osoba

asket, asketická osoba

Ex: As an ascetic, she rejected worldly comforts and dedicated herself entirely to prayer. 
celibate
celibate
[Přídavné jméno]

refraining from participating in sexual relations or marriage

čistý, celibátní

čistý, celibátní

Ex: The monk took a vow of celibacy, committing himself to a life of celibate devotion to his faith. 
chaste
chaste
[Přídavné jméno]

refraining from sexual activity outside of marriage or entirely

cudný, čistý

cudný, čistý

Ex: The monk lived a chaste life devoted to spiritual discipline. 
to [draw] in {one's} horns

to become less aggressive or assertive

Ex: After the heated argument, he decided to draw in his horns to avoid escalating the conflict. 
inhibition
inhibition
[Podstatné jméno]

an official order or rule that bans or forbids a specific action

zákaz, omezení

zákaz, omezení

Ex: The government issued an inhibition on the import of certain goods. 
deterrent
deterrent
[Podstatné jméno]

a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

odstrašující prostředek, překážka

odstrašující prostředek, překážka

Ex: Increased security measures serve as a deterrent to potential thieves. 
to militate
to militate
[sloveso]

to act as a powerful factor

působit proti, působit jako rozhodující faktor

působit proti, působit jako rozhodující faktor

Ex: The harsh climate militated against successful crop production. 
hermetic
hermetic
[Přídavné jméno]

completely sealed against the entry or escape of air

hermetický, vzduchotěsný

hermetický, vzduchotěsný

Ex: The scientist stored the samples in hermetic containers to prevent contamination. 
to avert
to avert
[sloveso]

to redirect one's gaze or attention away from something or someone

odvrátit, vyhnout se

odvrátit, vyhnout se

Ex: Witnessing the accident, she quickly averted her eyes to avoid the distressing scene. 
to preempt
to preempt
[sloveso]

to render a plan or action ineffective or unnecessary by doing something before it happens

předběhnout, zabránit

předběhnout, zabránit

Ex: The manager preempted the competitors by launching the product early. 
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