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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Zakaz i Zapobieganie

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
to balk
to balk
[Czasownik]

to be reluctant to do something or allow it to happen, particularly because it is dangerous, difficult, or unpleasant

wahać się, cofać się

wahać się, cofać się

Ex: He balked at the idea of taking on such a risky project. 
to forestall
to forestall
[Czasownik]

to stop something from happening by acting ahead of time

zapobiegać, uprzedzać

zapobiegać, uprzedzać

Ex: She took painkillers to forestall a migraine. 
to interdict
to interdict
[Czasownik]

to forbid a specific action

zakazać, zabronić

zakazać, zabronić

Ex: The court decided to interdict the release of sensitive information to protect national security. 
to obviate
to obviate
[Czasownik]

to anticipate and act in a way that prevents a negative outcome from occurring

zapobiegać, uniknąć

zapobiegać, uniknąć

Ex: Regular maintenance obviates costly repairs down the line. 
to occlude
to occlude
[Czasownik]

to hide or conceal by covering or obstructing

zasłaniać, blokować

zasłaniać, blokować

Ex: The thick curtains were drawn to occlude the harsh sunlight. 
to proscribe
to proscribe
[Czasownik]

to officially ban the existence or practice of something

zakazać, zabronić

zakazać, zabronić

Ex: The government decided to proscribe the use of certain chemicals due to environmental concerns. 
to curtail
to curtail
[Czasownik]

to place limits or boundaries on something to reduce its scope or size

ograniczać, zmniejszać

ograniczać, zmniejszać

Ex: Rising costs have led many companies to curtail benefits and perks for employees in recent years. 
to preclude
to preclude
[Czasownik]

to stop or prevent something from happening

uniemożliwiać, wykluczać

uniemożliwiać, wykluczać

Ex: Strict security measures in place preclude unauthorized entry into the restricted zone. 
to stymie
to stymie
[Czasownik]

to prevent the occurrence or achievement of something

utrudniać, przeszkadzać

utrudniać, przeszkadzać

Ex: The unexpected technical issues stymied the team's efforts to launch the product on time. 
to stint
to stint
[Czasownik]

to give, provide, or allow only a small or limited amount of something

skąpić, ograniczać

skąpić, ograniczać

Ex: The company stinted its employees on bonuses this year. 
to constrict
to constrict
[Czasownik]

to restrict the things someone can or wants to do

ograniczać, krępować

ograniczać, krępować

Ex: The strict rules constricted the students' freedom to express themselves creatively. 
abstemious
abstemious
[przymiotnik]

avoiding too much consumption of alcoholic drinks or food

wstrzemięźliwy, umiarkowany

wstrzemięźliwy, umiarkowany

Ex: John is known for his abstemious lifestyle, opting for a balanced diet and moderate portions. 
ascetic
ascetic
[Rzeczownik]

a person who lives a strict life and avoids physical pleasures, particularly due to religious beliefs

asceta, osoba ascetyczna

asceta, osoba ascetyczna

Ex: As an ascetic, she rejected worldly comforts and dedicated herself entirely to prayer. 
celibate
celibate
[przymiotnik]

refraining from participating in sexual relations or marriage

czysty, celibatariusz

czysty, celibatariusz

Ex: The monk took a vow of celibacy, committing himself to a life of celibate devotion to his faith. 
chaste
chaste
[przymiotnik]

refraining from sexual activity outside of marriage or entirely

czysty, cnotliwy

czysty, cnotliwy

Ex: The monk lived a chaste life devoted to spiritual discipline. 
to [draw] in {one's} horns

to become less aggressive or assertive

Ex: After the heated argument, he decided to draw in his horns to avoid escalating the conflict. 
inhibition
inhibition
[Rzeczownik]

an official order or rule that bans or forbids a specific action

zakaz, weto

zakaz, weto

Ex: The government issued an inhibition on the import of certain goods. 
deterrent
deterrent
[Rzeczownik]

a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

odstraszacz, przeszkoda

odstraszacz, przeszkoda

Ex: Increased security measures serve as a deterrent to potential thieves. 
to militate
to militate
[Czasownik]

to act as a powerful factor

przeciwdziałać, działać jako decydujący czynnik

przeciwdziałać, działać jako decydujący czynnik

Ex: The harsh climate militated against successful crop production. 
hermetic
hermetic
[przymiotnik]

completely sealed against the entry or escape of air

hermetyczny, szczelny

hermetyczny, szczelny

Ex: The scientist stored the samples in hermetic containers to prevent contamination. 
to avert
to avert
[Czasownik]

to redirect one's gaze or attention away from something or someone

odwracać, unikać

odwracać, unikać

Ex: Witnessing the accident, she quickly averted her eyes to avoid the distressing scene. 
to preempt
to preempt
[Czasownik]

to render a plan or action ineffective or unnecessary by doing something before it happens

uprzedzać, zapobiegać

uprzedzać, zapobiegać

Ex: The manager preempted the competitors by launching the product early. 
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