to be reluctant to do something or allow it to happen, particularly because it is dangerous, difficult, or unpleasant

سرباز زدن, ابا کردن
to stop something from happening by acting ahead of time

ممانعت کردن
to forbid a specific action

ممنوع کردن, منع کردن
to anticipate and act in a way that prevents a negative outcome from occurring

رفع کردن, عدول کردن، مرتفع کردن، رفع نیاز کردن
to hide or conceal by covering or obstructing

پنهان کردن, مسدود کردن
to officially ban the existence or practice of something

ممنوع کردن, قدغن کردن، ممنوع ساختن
to place limits or boundaries on something to reduce its scope or size

محدود کردن
to stop or prevent something from happening

از وقوع چیزی جلوگیری کردن
to prevent the occurrence or achievement of something

مانع شدن, ناکام گذاشتن
to give, provide, or allow only a small or limited amount of something

کم گذاشتن, محدود کردن
to restrict the things someone can or wants to do

محدود کردن
avoiding too much consumption of alcoholic drinks or food

پرهیزکار (در خوردن و نوشیدن), میانهرو، مراعاتگر
a person who lives a strict life and avoids physical pleasures, particularly due to religious beliefs

زاهد, تارک دنیا
refraining from participating in sexual relations or marriage

خوددار (رابطه جنسی), پاکدامن
refraining from sexual activity outside of marriage or entirely

خوددار (از نظر جنسی)
to become less aggressive or assertive

محتاط شدن
a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

عامل بازدارنده, عامل منعکننده
to act as a powerful factor

(بر ضد چیزی) عمل کردن
completely sealed against the entry or escape of air

کیپ, سربسته، کاملاً بیمنفذ، هوابندیشده
to redirect one's gaze or attention away from something or someone

حواس کسی را از چیزی پرت کردن
to render a plan or action ineffective or unnecessary by doing something before it happens

پیشدستی کردن
| کمبریج انگلیسی: CPE (C2 مهارت) |
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