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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Prohibición y Prevención

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
to balk
to balk
[Verbo]

to be reluctant to do something or allow it to happen, particularly because it is dangerous, difficult, or unpleasant

negarse

negarse

Ex: He is balking at taking on additional responsibilities because of the potential for burnout. 

Él se resiste a asumir responsabilidades adicionales debido al potencial de agotamiento.

to forestall

to stop something from happening by acting ahead of time

prevenir

prevenir

Ex: Early negotiations helped forestall a potential strike. 

Las negociaciones tempranas ayudaron a impedir una huelga potencial.

to interdict

to forbid a specific action

prohibir, vedar

prohibir, vedar

Ex: The religious authorities decided to interdict sale of the controversial book, deeming it incompatible with their teachings. 

Las autoridades religiosas decidieron prohibir la venta del libro controvertido, considerándolo incompatible con sus enseñanzas.

to obviate
to obviate
[Verbo]

to anticipate and act in a way that prevents a negative outcome from occurring

evitar

evitar

Ex: The treaty was designed to obviate future conflict. 

El tratado fue diseñado para obviar conflictos futuros.

to occlude
to occlude
[Verbo]

to hide or conceal by covering or obstructing

ocultar, obstruir

ocultar, obstruir

Ex: Dust storms can occlude entire landscapes, reducing visibility. 

Las tormentas de polvo pueden ocultar paisajes enteros, reduciendo la visibilidad.

to proscribe

to officially ban the existence or practice of something

proscribir

proscribir

Ex: The religious doctrine proscribes the consumption of certain foods during specific religious observances. 

La doctrina religiosa proscribe el consumo de ciertos alimentos durante observancias religiosas específicas.

to curtail
to curtail
[Verbo]

to place limits or boundaries on something to reduce its scope or size

limitar

limitar

Ex: In an effort to curb pollution, the government plans to curtail coal power and boost renewable energy. 

En un esfuerzo por frenar la contaminación, el gobierno planea restringir la energía de carbón y aumentar la energía renovable.

to preclude

to stop or prevent something from happening

impedir

impedir

Ex: Adequate planning will preclude potential issues during the upcoming project. 

Una planificación adecuada impedirá problemas potenciales durante el próximo proyecto.

to stymie
to stymie
[Verbo]

to prevent the occurrence or achievement of something

obstaculizar

obstaculizar

Ex: The legal obstacles stymied the company's plans to expand into new markets. 

Los obstáculos legales frustraron los planes de la empresa para expandirse a nuevos mercados.

to stint
to stint
[Verbo]

to give, provide, or allow only a small or limited amount of something

escasear, limitar

escasear, limitar

Ex: The landlord stinted the tenants on heating during winter. 

El propietario escatimaba la calefacción a los inquilinos durante el invierno.

to constrict

to restrict the things someone can or wants to do

restringir

restringir

Ex: The oppressive government policies constricted the citizens' rights and freedoms. 

Las políticas opresivas del gobierno restringieron los derechos y libertades de los ciudadanos.

abstemious
abstemious
[Adjetivo]

avoiding too much consumption of alcoholic drinks or food

abstemio

abstemio

Ex: The doctor advised him to adopt an abstemious approach to alcohol consumption for the sake of his health. 

El médico le aconsejó que adoptara un enfoque abstemio en el consumo de alcohol por el bien de su salud.

ascetic
ascetic
[Sustantivo]

a person who lives a strict life and avoids physical pleasures, particularly due to religious beliefs

asceta

asceta

Ex: The ascetic’s daily routine revolved around fasting, prayer, and studying sacred texts. 

La rutina diaria del asceta giraba en torno al ayuno, la oración y el estudio de textos sagrados.

celibate
celibate
[Adjetivo]

refraining from participating in sexual relations or marriage

célibe

célibe

Ex: Some individuals choose to remain celibate until they find the right partner or until they are ready for a committed relationship. 

Algunas personas eligen permanecer célibes hasta encontrar la pareja adecuada o hasta que estén listas para una relación comprometida.

chaste
chaste
[Adjetivo]

refraining from sexual activity outside of marriage or entirely

casto

casto

Ex: She took a vow to remain chaste until marriage. 

Ella hizo un voto de permanecer casta hasta el matrimonio.

to [draw] in {one's} horns

to become less aggressive or assertive

Ex: She drew in her horns when she realized her blunt comments were hurting her colleagues. 
inhibition
inhibition
[Sustantivo]

an official order or rule that bans or forbids a specific action

prohibición, veda

prohibición, veda

Ex: There's a strict inhibition against using phones in the examination hall. 

Hay una prohibición estricta contra el uso de teléfonos en la sala de exámenes.

deterrent
deterrent
[Sustantivo]

a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

elemento de disuasión

elemento de disuasión

Ex: The lack of sufficient funding was a deterrent to starting the new project. 

La falta de financiación suficiente fue un elemento disuasorio para iniciar el nuevo proyecto.

to militate

to act as a powerful factor

provocar

provocar

Ex: Cultural differences can militate against smooth negotiations. 

Las diferencias culturales pueden militar en contra de negociaciones fluidas.

hermetic
hermetic
[Adjetivo]

completely sealed against the entry or escape of air

hermético

hermético

Ex: The spacecraft's cabin was designed to be hermetic under extreme pressure. 

La cabina de la nave espacial fue diseñada para ser hermética bajo presión extrema.

to avert
to avert
[Verbo]

to redirect one's gaze or attention away from something or someone

desviar, evitar

desviar, evitar

Ex: Not wanting to eavesdrop, John discreetly averted his attention when he overheard a private conversation. 

Sin querer escuchar a escondidas, John desvió discretamente su atención cuando escuchó una conversación privada.

to preempt
to preempt
[Verbo]

to render a plan or action ineffective or unnecessary by doing something before it happens

adelantarse

adelantarse

Ex: By making the announcement ahead of time, he preempted any potential leaks. 

Al hacer el anuncio con anticipación, él anticipó cualquier posible filtración.

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