Cambridge English: CAE (C1 Advanced) - Keadaan dan kondisi

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chilly

[Adjektiva]

cold in an unpleasant or uncomfortable way

dingin, sejuk

Ex: A chilly breeze swept through the empty streets .Angin **dingin** menerpa jalanan yang kosong.

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overcrowded

[Adjektiva]

(of a space or area) filled with too many people or things, causing discomfort or lack of space

terlalu padat, penuh sesak

Ex: The train was overcrowded, and there was barely enough room to stand .Kereta itu **terlalu penuh**, dan hampir tidak ada cukup ruang untuk berdiri.

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refreshed

[Adjektiva]

(of a person) feeling less tired and more energized, typically after rest or a break

segar, berenergi

Ex: The spa treatment left her feeling relaxed and refreshed.Perawatan spa membuatnya merasa rileks dan **segar**.

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dysfunctional

[Adjektiva]

not working normally in the body

disfungsional, cacat

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open-ended

[Adjektiva]

designed to allow for later additions, changes, or adaptations

terbuka untuk revisi, berkembang

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downward spiral

[frasa]

a continuous worsening of a situation, where one negative event causes another, leading to further decline

Ex: Ignoring the warning signs caused a downward spiral in his mental health.

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nasty

[Adjektiva]

extremely unpleasant or disagreeable

menjijikkan, memuakkan

Ex: The nasty stain on the carpet was difficult to remove .Noda **menjijikkan** di karpet itu sulit dihilangkan.

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drawn-out

[Adjektiva]

prolonged or extended longer than expected or necessary

berlarut-larut, tanpa akhir

Ex: The movie ’s drawn-out ending left viewers feeling restless and unsatisfied .Akhir film yang **berlarut-larut** membuat penonton merasa gelisah dan tidak puas.

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immobile

[Adjektiva]

unable to move

tidak bergerak, diam

Ex: The statue stood immobile in the town square , a symbol of permanence .Dia berdiri **tidak bergerak**, membeku karena syok.

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a thing of the past

[frasa]

something that does not exist or happen anymore due to being replaced by something more modern or desirable

Ex: In the modern era, encyclopedias in printed form have become a thing of the past, as people turn to online sources for information.

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disposable

[Adjektiva]

meant to be thrown away after being used

sekali pakai, bisa dibuang

Ex: The disposable cup is made of paper and can be easily thrown away after use .Cangkir **sekali pakai** terbuat dari kertas dan dapat dengan mudah dibuang setelah digunakan.

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beyond recognition

[Adverbia]

so changed or damaged that it looks completely different or is no longer identifiable

melebihi pengakuan, tidak dapat dikenali lagi

Ex: Social media has reshaped communication beyond recognition.Media sosial telah mengubah komunikasi **di luar pengenalan**.

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running

[Adjektiva]

occurring repeatedly over a period of time

terus-menerus, berkelanjutan

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unprecedented

[Adjektiva]

never having existed or happened before

belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya, tak tertandingi

Ex: The government implemented unprecedented measures to control the crisis .Pemerintah menerapkan langkah-langkah **belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya** untuk mengendalikan krisis.

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made-to-measure

[Adjektiva]

made to fit the specific size and requirements of a person or thing

dibuat sesuai ukuran, dibuat berdasarkan pesanan

Ex: Made-to-measure curtains perfectly fit the odd-shaped window.Tirai **yang dibuat sesuai ukuran** sangat pas dengan jendela berbentuk aneh.

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arid

[Adjektiva]

(of land or a climate) very dry because of not having enough or any rain

gersang, kering

Ex: Arid regions are susceptible to desertification , a process where fertile land becomes increasingly dry and unable to support vegetation due to human activities or climate change .Daerah **kering** rentan terhadap desertifikasi, suatu proses di mana tanah subur menjadi semakin kering dan tidak mampu mendukung vegetasi karena aktivitas manusia atau perubahan iklim.

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on track

[frasa]

following the right course in order to achieve a particular result or reach a particular goal

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tight

[Adjektiva]

having little available money or time, making it difficult to manage or spend freely

ketat, terbatas

Ex: Their finances are tight, so they decided to postpone the vacation .

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airborne

[Adjektiva]

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

terbawa udara, melayang di udara

Ex: Scientists studied the airborne pollutants in urban areas to assess their impact on air quality .Para ilmuwan mempelajari polutan **udara** di daerah perkotaan untuk menilai dampaknya terhadap kualitas udara.

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impending

[Adjektiva]

about to happen soon, often with a sense of threat or urgency

akan datang, mendatang

Ex: The clock ticking down signaled the impending end of the game , leaving little time for a comeback .Detik jam yang berdetak menandakan akhir **yang akan segera terjadi** dari permainan, menyisakan sedikit waktu untuk comeback.

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top-of-the-form

[Adjektiva]

(of a person) achieving the highest marks or best results in a class, exam, or competition

terbaik di kelas, di depan kelas

Ex: Only the top-of-the-form students go on to advanced classes.Hanya siswa **terbaik di kelas** yang melanjutkan ke kelas lanjutan.

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home from home

[frasa]

a place where one feels as comfortable and at ease as they do in their own home

Ex: The lodge was so warm and inviting that it became a home from home for the hikers.

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room to swing a cat

[frasa]

a small or confined room with very limited space for movement

Ex: In the crowded marketplace, there was barely any room to swing a cat as people jostled past each other.

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a stone's throw

[frasa]

a distance that is very short

Ex: The school is a stone's throw from our neighborhood, which is convenient for the kids.

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watertight

[Adjektiva]

not letting water in or out

kedap air, tahan air

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sluggish

[Adjektiva]

moving, reacting, or functioning more slowly than usual

lambat, malas

Ex: Blood circulation can become sluggish when sitting too long .Sirkulasi darah bisa menjadi **lambat** ketika duduk terlalu lama.

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vicious circle

[Kata benda]

a situation where one problem brings about another and that only worsens the original problem

lingkaran setan, siklus jahat

Ex: The vicious circle of poverty can be challenging to escape , as financial hardships can lead to limited opportunities and vice versa .**Lingkaran setan** kemiskinan bisa sulit untuk dihindari, karena kesulitan finansial dapat menyebabkan peluang terbatas dan sebaliknya.

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fleeting

[Adjektiva]

continuing or existing for a very short amount of time

sebentar, singkat

Ex: The photographer captured the fleeting moment when the butterfly landed on the flower .Fotografer menangkap momen **singkat** ketika kupu-kupu hinggap di bunga.

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irreversible

[Adjektiva]

unable to be undone, changed, or corrected once something has occurred

tidak dapat diubah, tidak dapat dibatalkan

Ex: The irreversible loss of data due to a computer crash could have been prevented with regular backups .Kehilangan data **tidak dapat diubah** karena komputer crash bisa dicegah dengan cadangan reguler.

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to stand up to

[kata kerja]

to endure harsh conditions without being significantly damaged

bertahan terhadap, tahan

Ex: Quality hiking boots that can stand up to rough terrain.Sepatu hiking berkualitas yang bisa **bertahan** di medan kasar.

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innocence

[Kata benda]

the quality of being free from worldly experience