Ex: Arid regions are susceptible to desertification , a process where fertile land becomes increasingly dry and unable to support vegetation due to human activities or climate change .**건조한** 지역은 인간 활동이나 기후 변화로 인해 비옥한 땅이 점점 더 건조해지고 식물을 지원할 수 없게 되는 과정인 사막화에 취약합니다.

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on track

[구]

following the right course in order to achieve a particular result or reach a particular goal

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tight

[형용사]

having little available money or time, making it difficult to manage or spend freely

빡빡한, 제한된

Ex: Their finances are tight, so they decided to postpone the vacation .

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airborne

[형용사]

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

공기를 통해 이동하는, 공수된

Ex: Scientists studied the airborne pollutants in urban areas to assess their impact on air quality .과학자들은 도시 지역의 **공기 중** 오염 물질을 연구하여 공기 질에 미치는 영향을 평가했습니다.

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impending

[형용사]

about to happen soon, often with a sense of threat or urgency

임박한, 다가오는

Ex: The clock ticking down signaled the impending end of the game , leaving little time for a comeback .시계의 초읽기는 게임의 **다가오는** 끝을 알렸고, 역전을 위한 시간은 거의 남지 않았다.

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top-of-the-form

[형용사]

(of a person) achieving the highest marks or best results in a class, exam, or competition

반에서 최고, 반의 선두에 서다

Ex: Only the top-of-the-form students go on to advanced classes.**반에서 최고**인 학생들만 고급 반으로 넘어갑니다.

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home from home

[구]

a place where one feels as comfortable and at ease as they do in their own home

Ex: The lodge was so warm and inviting that it became a home from home for the hikers.

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room to swing a cat

[구]

a small or confined room with very limited space for movement

Ex: In the crowded marketplace, there was barely any room to swing a cat as people jostled past each other.

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a stone's throw

[구]

a distance that is very short

Ex: The school is a stone's throw from our neighborhood, which is convenient for the kids.

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watertight

[형용사]

not letting water in or out

방수의, 물이 새지 않는

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sluggish

[형용사]

moving, reacting, or functioning more slowly than usual

느린, 나른한

Ex: Blood circulation can become sluggish when sitting too long .

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vicious circle

[명사]

a situation where one problem brings about another and that only worsens the original problem

악순환, 부정적 순환

Ex: The vicious circle of poverty can be challenging to escape , as financial hardships can lead to limited opportunities and vice versa .가난의 **악순환**은 탈출하기 어려울 수 있습니다. 왜냐하면 재정적 어려움은 제한된 기회로 이어질 수 있고 그 반대도 마찬가지이기 때문입니다.

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fleeting

[형용사]

continuing or existing for a very short amount of time

순간적인, 덧없는

Ex: The photographer captured the fleeting moment when the butterfly landed on the flower .사진작가는 나비가 꽃에 내려앉은 **순간적인** 순간을 포착했다.

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irreversible

[형용사]

unable to be undone, changed, or corrected once something has occurred

되돌릴 수 없는, 변경할 수 없는

Ex: The irreversible loss of data due to a computer crash could have been prevented with regular backups .컴퓨터 충돌로 인한 데이터의 **되돌릴 수 없는** 손실은 정기적인 백업으로 방지할 수 있었을 것입니다.

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to stand up to

[동사]

to endure harsh conditions without being significantly damaged

견디다, 버티다

Ex: Quality hiking boots that can stand up to rough terrain.거친 지형을 **견딜 수 있는** 고품질 하이킹 부츠.

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innocence

[명사]

the quality of being free from worldly experience