剑桥英语：CAE（C1高级） - 状态与条件

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chilly

[形容词]

cold in an unpleasant or uncomfortable way

寒冷的, 冷的

Ex: A chilly breeze swept through the empty streets .一阵**寒冷**的微风吹过空荡荡的街道。

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overcrowded

[形容词]

(of a space or area) filled with too many people or things, causing discomfort or lack of space

过度拥挤的, 人满为患的

Ex: The train was overcrowded, and there was barely enough room to stand .火车**过于拥挤**，几乎没有足够的站立空间。

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refreshed

[形容词]

(of a person) feeling less tired and more energized, typically after rest or a break

神清气爽的, 精力充沛的

Ex: The spa treatment left her feeling relaxed and refreshed.水疗护理让她感到放松和**清爽**。

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dysfunctional

[形容词]

not working normally in the body

功能失调的, 有缺陷的

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open-ended

[形容词]

designed to allow for later additions, changes, or adaptations

可修订的, 可演变的

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downward spiral

[短语]

a continuous worsening of a situation, where one negative event causes another, leading to further decline

Ex: Ignoring the warning signs caused a downward spiral in his mental health.

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nasty

[形容词]

extremely unpleasant or disagreeable

恶心的, 令人不快的

Ex: The nasty stain on the carpet was difficult to remove .地毯上的**恶心**污渍很难清除。

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drawn-out

[形容词]

prolonged or extended longer than expected or necessary

延长的, 没完没了的

Ex: The movie ’s drawn-out ending left viewers feeling restless and unsatisfied .电影**拖沓**的结局让观众感到焦躁和不满意。

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immobile

[形容词]

unable to move

不能移动的, 静止的

Ex: The statue stood immobile in the town square , a symbol of permanence .

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a thing of the past

[短语]

something that does not exist or happen anymore due to being replaced by something more modern or desirable

Ex: In the modern era, encyclopedias in printed form have become a thing of the past, as people turn to online sources for information.

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disposable

[形容词]

meant to be thrown away after being used

一次性的, 可丢弃的

Ex: The disposable cup is made of paper and can be easily thrown away after use .**一次性**杯子是用纸做的，使用后可以轻易扔掉。

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beyond recognition

[副词]

so changed or damaged that it looks completely different or is no longer identifiable

面目全非, 无法辨认

Ex: Social media has reshaped communication beyond recognition.社交媒体已经**面目全非地**重塑了沟通方式。

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running

[形容词]

occurring repeatedly over a period of time

持续的, 连续的

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unprecedented

[形容词]

never having existed or happened before

前所未有的, 空前的

Ex: The government implemented unprecedented measures to control the crisis .政府实施了**前所未有的**措施来控制危机。

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made-to-measure

[形容词]

made to fit the specific size and requirements of a person or thing

定制的, 量身定做的

Ex: Made-to-measure curtains perfectly fit the odd-shaped window.**定制**窗帘完美贴合形状奇特的窗户。

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arid

[形容词]

(of land or a climate) very dry because of not having enough or any rain

干旱的, 干燥的

Ex: Arid regions are susceptible to desertification , a process where fertile land becomes increasingly dry and unable to support vegetation due to human activities or climate change .**干旱**地区容易受到荒漠化的影响，这是一个由于人类活动或气候变化导致肥沃土地变得越来越干燥，无法支持植被的过程。

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on track

[短语]

following the right course in order to achieve a particular result or reach a particular goal

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tight

[形容词]

having little available money or time, making it difficult to manage or spend freely

紧的, 有限的

Ex: Their finances are tight, so they decided to postpone the vacation .

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airborne

[形容词]

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

空气传播的, 空运的

Ex: Scientists studied the airborne pollutants in urban areas to assess their impact on air quality .科学家研究了城市地区的**空气传播**污染物，以评估其对空气质量的影响。

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impending

[形容词]

about to happen soon, often with a sense of threat or urgency

即将发生的, 迫近的

Ex: The clock ticking down signaled the impending end of the game , leaving little time for a comeback .倒计时的钟声标志着比赛**即将**结束，几乎没有时间进行反击。

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top-of-the-form

[形容词]

(of a person) achieving the highest marks or best results in a class, exam, or competition

班上的佼佼者, 班级的领头羊

Ex: Only the top-of-the-form students go on to advanced classes.只有**班级顶尖**的学生才能进入高级班。

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home from home

[短语]

a place where one feels as comfortable and at ease as they do in their own home

Ex: The lodge was so warm and inviting that it became a home from home for the hikers.

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room to swing a cat

[短语]

a small or confined room with very limited space for movement

Ex: In the crowded marketplace, there was barely any room to swing a cat as people jostled past each other.

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a stone's throw

[短语]

a distance that is very short

Ex: The school is a stone's throw from our neighborhood, which is convenient for the kids.

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watertight

[形容词]

not letting water in or out

防水的, 不漏水的

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sluggish

[形容词]

moving, reacting, or functioning more slowly than usual

缓慢的, 迟钝的

Ex: Blood circulation can become sluggish when sitting too long .

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vicious circle

[名词]

a situation where one problem brings about another and that only worsens the original problem

恶性循环, 恶性循环圈

Ex: The vicious circle of poverty can be challenging to escape , as financial hardships can lead to limited opportunities and vice versa .贫困的**恶性循环**可能难以逃脱，因为财务困难可能导致机会有限，反之亦然。

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fleeting

[形容词]

continuing or existing for a very short amount of time

短暂的, 转瞬即逝的

Ex: The photographer captured the fleeting moment when the butterfly landed on the flower .摄影师捕捉到了蝴蝶落在花朵上的**短暂**瞬间。

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irreversible

[形容词]

unable to be undone, changed, or corrected once something has occurred

不可逆的, 无法改变的

Ex: The irreversible loss of data due to a computer crash could have been prevented with regular backups .由于计算机崩溃导致的数据**不可逆**丢失本可以通过定期备份来预防。