(of physics) to change the direction of light, sound, or energy when it passes through something
屈折させる, 方向を変える
hard to control because of stubbornness
手に負えない, 頑固な
to resist or hold back from doing or saying something
控える, 我慢する
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong
間違いのない, 誤りのない
(of a rule, opinion, etc.) fixed and not easily changed
柔軟性のない, 厳格な
impossible to resist or refuse, usually because of being very appealing or attractive
抗しがたい, 非常に魅力的な
neglecting one's duties or obligations, often causing harm or inconvenience to others
無責任な, 怠慢な
to supply crops, land, etc. with water, typically by artificial means
灌漑する, 水をやる
placed closest to the center
最も内側の, 最も深い
to soak something in liquid in order to get the flavor of it
浸す, 抽出する
hesitant and uncertain about what to do
優柔不断な, 決断力のない
