to refract
[verb]
(of physics) to change the direction of light, sound, or energy when it passes through something
refractory
[adjective]
hard to control because of stubbornness
Ex:
The
dog
was
refractory
,
ignoring
every
command
.
to refrain
[verb]
to resist or hold back from doing or saying something
Ex:
To
maintain
a
positive
atmosphere
,
the
teacher
encourages
students
to
refrain
from
negative
remarks
in
the
classroom
.
infallible
[adjective]
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong
Ex:
The
system
was
designed
to
be
infallible
,
ensuring
no
errors
occurred
.
inflexible
[adjective]
(of a rule, opinion, etc.) fixed and not easily changed
Ex:
The
school
's
dress code
was
criticized
for
being
too
inflexible
and
outdated
.
irresistible
[adjective]
impossible to resist or refuse, usually because of being very appealing or attractive
Ex:
Her
irresistible
charm
and
wit
made
her
the
life
of
the
party
.
irresponsible
[adjective]
neglecting one's duties or obligations, often causing harm or inconvenience to others
Ex:
She
failed
to
pay
her
bills
on time
,
demonstrating
an
irresponsible
approach
to
financial
management
.
to irrigate
[verb]
to supply crops, land, etc. with water, typically by artificial means
Ex:
The
gardeners
irrigate
the
flower beds
with
drip
irrigation
to
conserve
water
.
to infuse
[verb]
to soak something in liquid in order to get the flavor of it
Ex:
As
part
of
the
recipe
,
infuse
the
spices
in
the
sauce
overnight
,
allowing
their
flavors
to
meld
and
intensify
.
irresolute
[adjective]
hesitant and uncertain about what to do
Ex:
The
politician
's
irresolute
stance
on
the
issue
disappointed
his
supporters
.