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映画と劇場 - 演劇のジャンルとスタイル

ここでは、「コメディ」、「シュルレアリスム」、「仮面」などの劇場のジャンルやスタイルに関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Cinema and Theater
comedy
comedy
[名詞]

a genre that emphasizes humor and often has a happy or lighthearted conclusion

コメディ, ユーモア

コメディ, ユーモア

Ex: He enjoys watching comedy films to relax after work.彼は仕事の後にリラックスするために**コメディ**映画を見るのを楽しんでいます。
fringe theatre

plays, often written by new writers, challenging the conventional ways of thinking and having a new and unusual form

フリンジシアター, 実験劇場

フリンジシアター, 実験劇場

masque
masque
[名詞]

a play in verse including music and dancing by masked performers that was very popular among the aristocracy in England during the 16th and 17th centuries

仮面劇

仮面劇

morality play

a kind of drama in which the performers personify an abstract concept as an allegory presenting a didactic point, popular in the 15th and 16th centuries

道徳劇, 教訓劇

道徳劇, 教訓劇

experimental theater

a style that challenges traditional theatrical conventions by exploring new forms of expression and presentation

実験劇場

実験劇場

commedia dell'arte

a form of Italian theater that originated in the 16th century and is characterized by its use of stock characters, improvised dialogue, and physical comedy

コンメディア・デラルテ, 即興イタリア劇

コンメディア・デラルテ, 即興イタリア劇

mystery play
mystery play
[名詞]

a kind of play popular in the Middle Ages that was based on the holy scripture or the events in the lives of Christian saints

神秘劇, 聖史劇

神秘劇, 聖史劇

postmodern theater

a late 20th century style of theater that is self-reflexive, often fragmented, blurs the lines between reality and fiction, and emphasizes the role of the audience in creating meaning

ポストモダン演劇, ポストモダニズム演劇

ポストモダン演劇, ポストモダニズム演劇

postdramatic theater

a style that challenges traditional dramatic conventions and instead focuses on the sensory and emotional experience of the audience

ポストドラマティックシアター, ポストドラマティック演劇

ポストドラマティックシアター, ポストドラマティック演劇

in-yer-face theater

a confrontational style of British theater known for its shocking subject matter, explicit language, and graphic content

イン・ユア・フェイス・シアター, 対立的な演劇

イン・ユア・フェイス・シアター, 対立的な演劇

grand guignol

a style of French theater that originated in the late 19th century and is known for its use of graphic horror, violence, and gore, often combined with humor and satire

グラン・ギニョール

グラン・ギニョール

nativity play

a play recreating the story of the birth of Jesus Christ, performed by children at Christmas

降誕劇, キリスト降誕劇

降誕劇, キリスト降誕劇

improvisational theater

a form of theater in which everything is created spontaneously by the performers, without a script or pre-planned storyline

即興劇, 劇的な即興

即興劇, 劇的な即興

physical theater

a style of theater that emphasizes the use of the body, movement, and nonverbal communication as the primary means of storytelling and expression

物理的な劇場, 身体劇

物理的な劇場, 身体劇

Bouffon
Bouffon
[名詞]

a style of physical theater that satirizes social and political issues through exaggerated, grotesque performances and audience interaction

道化師

道化師

Ex: The bouffon's ability to push boundaries and confront taboo subjects makes it a powerful and provocative form of theater.**ブフォン**が境界を押し広げ、タブーな主題に直面する能力は、それを強力で挑発的な演劇の形にします。
Harlequinade
Harlequinade
[名詞]

a traditional theatrical genre that originated in Italy and features the character of Harlequin as the main protagonist in a comedy of love and mistaken identity

アルレッキーノ劇

アルレッキーノ劇

Bunraku
Bunraku
[名詞]

a traditional form of Japanese puppet theater that features intricately crafted puppets, live musicians, and narrators who tell stories of love, tragedy, and historical events

文楽, 日本の伝統的な人形劇

文楽, 日本の伝統的な人形劇

street theater

a type of theater that takes place in public spaces, often featuring political or social themes and aimed at engaging audiences who may not typically attend traditional theater

ストリートシアター, 野外劇

ストリートシアター, 野外劇

immersive theater

a type of theater that seeks to immerse the audience in the world of the play, often featuring site-specific performances and interactive elements

没入型劇場, インタラクティブ演劇

没入型劇場, インタラクティブ演劇

tragedy
tragedy
[名詞]

a play with sad events, especially one that the main character dies at the end

悲劇

悲劇

Ex: The film adaptation stayed true to the original tragedy elements , eliciting strong emotional responses from audiences .
interactive theater

a type of theater that invites audience participation and engagement, blurring the boundaries between performers and spectators

インタラクティブシアター, 参加型シアター

インタラクティブシアター, 参加型シアター

epic theater
epic theater
[名詞]

a type of theater that seeks to provoke social and political change, often featuring theatrical devices that distance the audience from the action

叙事劇, 叙事劇

叙事劇, 叙事劇

tragicomedy
tragicomedy
[名詞]

a dramatic piece that has both tragic and comic elements

悲喜劇, 悲劇的と喜劇的要素を併せ持つ劇作品

悲喜劇, 悲劇的と喜劇的要素を併せ持つ劇作品

musical theater

a type of performance that tells a story through a mix of acting, singing, and dancing

ミュージカル, 音楽劇

ミュージカル, 音楽劇

absurdism
absurdism
[名詞]

a style of theater highlighting the senselessness and meaninglessness of existence, often using illogical plots and unconventional language

Ex: The theater festival showcased a series of absurdism productions .
surrealism
surrealism
[名詞]

a theatrical movement that taps into the irrational and subconscious, using dreamlike imagery, symbolic gestures, and non-linear narratives to blur the boundaries between reality and fantasy

シュルレアリスム, 超現実主義

シュルレアリスム, 超現実主義

Ex: The play 's surrealism climax featured a single spotlight on a melting clock , echoing the characters ' distorted perceptions of reality .その劇の**シュルレアリスム**は、溶ける時計に単一のスポットライトを当てることで頂点に達し、登場人物たちの現実に対する歪んだ認識を反映していた。
expressionism

a theatrical style characterized by exaggeration, distortion, and symbolism, often used to explore complex psychological states and emotions

表現主義, 表現主義

表現主義, 表現主義

naturalism
naturalism
[名詞]

a style of theater that attempts to recreate reality as closely as possible, often featuring realistic sets and props, and exploring themes of social injustice

自然主義, 舞台リアリズム

自然主義, 舞台リアリズム

melodrama
melodrama
[名詞]

a type of theater characterized by exaggerated emotions and simplistic morality, often featuring stock characters and featuring music to heighten the emotional impact

メロドラマ, メロドラマチックな劇

メロドラマ, メロドラマチックな劇

Restoration theater

a form of theater that emerged in England during the Restoration period, featuring comedies of manners and bawdy humor

王政復古期の劇場, 王政復古時代の劇場

王政復古期の劇場, 王政復古時代の劇場

Elizabethan theater

a type of theater that emerged in England during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, characterized by plays that combined tragedy, comedy, and history, and featuring prominent playwrights such as William Shakespeare

エリザベス朝演劇, エリザベス時代の劇場

エリザベス朝演劇, エリザベス時代の劇場

Medieval theater

a form of theater that developed in Europe during the Middle Ages, often performed in churches or on traveling carts, and featuring morality plays and miracle plays

中世劇, 中世の劇場

中世劇, 中世の劇場

playback theater

a type of theater in which performers invite members of the audience to share personal stories, which are then re-enacted on stage

プレイバックシアター, 再演劇場

プレイバックシアター, 再演劇場

site-specific theater

a type of theater that is created for and performed in a specific location, often outside of traditional theater spaces

サイトスペシフィックシアター, イン・シチュウシアター

サイトスペシフィックシアター, イン・シチュウシアター

devised theater

a type of theater in which performers work collaboratively to create a new piece of theatre, often without a pre-existing script

考案された劇場, 協同的な劇場

考案された劇場, 協同的な劇場

verbatim theater

a type of theater that uses the actual words spoken by people interviewed on a particular subject as the basis for a script, often dealing with contemporary social and political issues

逐語演劇, ドキュメンタリー演劇

逐語演劇, ドキュメンタリー演劇

physical comedy

a comedic performance that uses exaggerated body movements and physical actions for humor, often involving slapstick and visual gags

物理コメディ,  身体コメディ

物理コメディ, 身体コメディ

political theater

type of theater that focuses on political themes and issues, often aimed at advocating social change or critiquing the status quo

政治劇, 政治的演劇

政治劇, 政治的演劇

Ancient Greek theater

a theatrical tradition that emerged in ancient Greece featuring plays that explored themes of tragedy and comedy, often performed in amphitheaters

古代ギリシャ劇場, 古代ギリシャの劇場

古代ギリシャ劇場, 古代ギリシャの劇場

drama
drama
[名詞]

a genre of literature, film, or television that deals with serious or emotional themes, often involving conflicts and tensions between characters

ドラマ, 演劇

ドラマ, 演劇

Ex: The drama revolves around the protagonist 's struggle with addiction .
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