ケンブリッジIELTS 17 - アカデミック - テスト3 - リスニング - パート4

the act of subjecting someone to repeated and unwanted attacks, criticism, or other forms of harmful behavior

to attach a ring, often for the purpose of identification, such as to an animal, key, or object

to depend on someone or something for support and assistance

to be able to say who or what someone or something is

information or facts collected to be used for various purposes

a collection of maps, charts, and geographical information typically organized by region or topic

to cover or hide something from sight, often by placing it in the ground or covering it with another material

to show that something is false or incorrect

to make something widely known and accepted by the general public, often by adjusting it to fit popular preferences or trends

lacking the necessary ability or skill to perform a specific task or achieve a particular outcome

a group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a given area

(of fish, birds, or other animals) to move to different geographic areas according to seasons in order to breed, find food, or escape harsh environmental conditions

a particular way in which something is done or happens

in a manner related to or characteristic of a particular season

to a specific degree, particularly when compared to other similar things

the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows

the southern part of Scotland that is not mountainous

to examine something closely and analyze it in order to understand its essential features or meaning

the most northern or most southern points of the earth that are joined by its axis of rotation

something that is hard to explain or understand, often involving a puzzling event or situation with an unknown explanation

the absence or insufficiency of something, often implying a deficiency or shortage

providing enjoyment or laughter

a dormant state in animals, characterized by lowered body temperature and metabolic activity, often during winter to conserve energy

(of some animals or plants) to spend the winter sleeping deeply

the event of coming into sight

the act or instance of going missing, often without explanation or a trace left behind

existing or available in large quantities

to last beyond the typical or anticipated duration

to confine something, typically an animal, within a restricted space

to show clearly that something is true or exists by providing proof or evidence

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

a scientist who studies the natural world, including plants, animals, and ecosystems

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

an act that changes the form or character or substance of something

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

the act of forming a personal understanding or mental image of something based on individual perception or analysis

strange or unexpected in appearance, style, or behavior

a scholarly article describing the results of observations or stating hypotheses

to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

a process or state in which something becomes more advanced, stronger, etc.

to do something important that will be remembered for a long time

a weapon with a long handle and a metal pointed tip, used for fighting and fishing in the past

in a way that defies belief or seems impossible to be true

having a distinctive or crucial role

a branch of zoology concerning the scientific study of birds

involving or concerning the branch of science that deals with animals

having an understanding or perception of something, often through careful thought or sensitivity

to reach a level of acceptance and recognition due to permanent success

the place where someone or something is headed

to form a theory or opinion about a subject without knowing all the facts