Ciências Naturais SAT - Physics
Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês relacionadas à física, como "sonar", "prisma", "difuso", etc., que você precisará para se sair bem nos seus SATs.
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(physics) the maximum distance a vibrating material, sound wave, etc. such as a pendulum travels from its first position
amplitude, magnitude
relating to the science of studying sounds or the way people hear things
acústico, relacionado à acústica
a technology that uses sound waves to detect objects underwater or measure distances underwater
sonar, detecção acústica
a solid geometric shape, typically with a triangular base and rectangular sides, that refracts light into its component colors or alters the path of light
prisma, cristal de faces
electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than visible light, used for applications such as thermal imaging and remote sensing
infravermelho, radiação infravermelha
a type of electromagnetic radiation with shorter wavelengths than visible light, often associated with sunlight and used in various applications
ultravioleta, radiação ultravioleta
the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation
fluorescência, luminescência
a scientific instrument used to measure and analyze the properties of light over a specific range of wavelengths
espectrômetro
a fundamental particle of light that carries electromagnetic energy and exhibits both particle-like and wave-like properties
fóton, quantum de luz
(of physics) to change the direction of light, sound, or energy when it passes through something
refratar, desviar
the bending, spreading, and interference of waves as they encounter obstacles or pass through narrow openings, often observed in the behavior of light, sound, or other waves
difração, difração de ondas
the fraction or percentage of light or electromagnetic radiation that passes through a substance or medium
transmitância, transmissão
a measure of how strongly a substance absorbs light at a particular wavelength
absorptividade molar, coeficiente de absorção molar
a range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation absorbed by a substance, typically represented as a graph showing absorption intensity versus wavelength
espectro de absorção, espectro absorvente
the branch of physical science that deals with the relationships between heat, work, and energy, particularly the principles governing the conversion of various forms of energy
termodinâmica
an instrument that automatically controls the temperature of a room, machine, etc.
termostato
a device used to measure the heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction or physical change, typically by measuring temperature changes in a surrounding medium
calorímetro, dispositivo de medição de calor
a tool designed to measure the temperature of the surrounding air or environment
termômetro, termômetro ambiental
a small piece of material that is a semiconductor, used to make an integrated circuit
microprocessador, chip
the distance between a point on a wave of energy and a similar point on the next wave
comprimento de onda, comprimento de uma onda
a theory that explains the relationship between motion, space, and time
relatividade
(physics) matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those of regular matter
antimatéria, matéria antimatéria
the process of solidification or freezing, typically of a liquid or a substance turning into a solid state due to a decrease in temperature
congelamento, solidificação
to transform from a liquid or flexible state into a stable, firm, or compact form
solidificar, solidificar-se
to change from a solid state and become fluid or liquid
liquefazer, derreter
relating to particles or forces that exist within atoms, including particles smaller than atoms themselves or the interactions between these particles
subatômico, infra-atômico
a very small, electrically neutral particle that rarely interacts with matter
neutrino, partícula neutrino
extremely small, typically between 1 and 100 billionths of a meter, where materials show unique properties
nanométrico, em escala nanométrica
the scientific study of measurement, including the development of measurement standards and techniques
metrologia, ciência da medição
a scientist who applies principles and methods of physics to study biological systems and phenomena, aiming to understand life processes at the molecular and cellular levels
biofísico, cientista em biofísica
describing light that spreads evenly from a broad source or surface, creating soft illumination without harsh shadows
difuso, disperso
used nuclear fuel that is no longer efficient for producing energy in a reactor
combustível gasto, combustível nuclear usado
the rate at which pressure changes over a certain distance in a particular direction
gradiente de pressão, variação de pressão
the spatial frequency of a wave, representing the number of wavelengths per unit distance
número de onda, frequência espacial
a tiny particle with whole-number spin, such as photons or the Higgs boson, often associated with carrying fundamental forces or giving mass to other particles
bóson, partícula com spin inteiro
a type of particle accelerator where two opposing beams of particles are directed to collide with each other at high speeds, allowing scientists to study fundamental particles and forces
colisor, acelerador de partículas de colisão frontal
a simple type of antenna made of two metal rods, connected in the middle, that is half the wavelength of the signal it transmits or receives
dipolo, antena dipolo
a fundamental particle with half-integer spin, including electrons and their heavier counterparts, as well as neutrinos
lépton, partícula elementar com spin semi-inteiro
