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SAT Științe ale naturii - Physics

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în limba engleză legate de fizică, cum ar fi „sonar”, „prismă”, „difuză”, etc. de care veți avea nevoie pentru a vă îmbunătăți SAT-urile.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
amplitude

(physics) the maximum distance a vibrating material, sound wave, etc. such as a pendulum travels from its first position

amplitudine

amplitudine

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acoustic

relating to the science of studying sounds or the way people hear things

acustic

acustic

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sonar

a technology that uses sound waves to detect objects underwater or measure distances underwater

sonar

sonar

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prism

a solid geometric shape, typically with a triangular base and rectangular sides, that refracts light into its component colors or alters the path of light

prismă

prismă

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infrared

electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than visible light, used for applications such as thermal imaging and remote sensing

infraroșu

infraroșu

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ultraviolet

a type of electromagnetic radiation with shorter wavelengths than visible light, often associated with sunlight and used in various applications

ultraviolet (substantiv)

ultraviolet (substantiv)

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fluorescence

the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation

fluorescență

fluorescență

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spectrometer

a scientific instrument used to measure and analyze the properties of light over a specific range of wavelengths

spectrometru

spectrometru

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photon

a fundamental particle of light that carries electromagnetic energy and exhibits both particle-like and wave-like properties

foton

foton

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to refract

(of physics) to change the direction of light, sound, or energy when it passes through something

refracta

refracta

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diffraction

the bending, spreading, and interference of waves as they encounter obstacles or pass through narrow openings, often observed in the behavior of light, sound, or other waves

difracție

difracție

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transmittance

the fraction or percentage of light or electromagnetic radiation that passes through a substance or medium

transmitanță

transmitanță

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molar absorptivity

a measure of how strongly a substance absorbs light at a particular wavelength

absorbție molară

absorbție molară

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absorption spectrum

a range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation absorbed by a substance, typically represented as a graph showing absorption intensity versus wavelength

spectrul de absorbție

spectrul de absorbție

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thermodynamics

the branch of physical science that deals with the relationships between heat, work, and energy, particularly the principles governing the conversion of various forms of energy

termodinamică

termodinamică

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thermostat

an instrument that automatically controls the temperature of a room, machine, etc.

termostat

termostat

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calorimeter

a device used to measure the heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction or physical change, typically by measuring temperature changes in a surrounding medium

calorimetru

calorimetru

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thermometer

a piece of equipment that measures the temperature of the air

termometru

termometru

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microchip

a small piece of material that is a semiconductor, used to make an integrated circuit

microcip

microcip

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wavelength

the distance between a point on a wave of energy and a similar point on the next wave

lungimea de undă

lungimea de undă

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relativity

a theory that explains the relationship between motion, space, and time

relativitate

relativitate

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antimatter

(physics) matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those of regular matter

antimaterie

antimaterie

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congelation

the process of solidification or freezing, typically of a liquid or a substance turning into a solid state due to a decrease in temperature

congelare

congelare

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to solidify

to transform from a liquid or flexible state into a stable, firm, or compact form

întări

întări

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to liquefy

to change from a solid state and become fluid or liquid

liquefia

liquefia

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subatomic

relating to particles or forces that exist within atoms, including particles smaller than atoms themselves or the interactions between these particles

subatomic

subatomic

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neutrino

a very small, electrically neutral particle that rarely interacts with matter

neutrino

neutrino

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nanoscale

extremely small size, typically on the scale of nanometers, which is a billionth of a meter

nanoscală

nanoscală

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metrology

the scientific study of measurement, including the development of measurement standards and techniques

metrologie

metrologie

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biophysicist

a scientist who applies principles and methods of physics to study biological systems and phenomena, aiming to understand life processes at the molecular and cellular levels

biofizician

biofizician

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diffuse

describing light that spreads evenly from a broad source or surface, creating soft illumination without harsh shadows

difuz

difuz

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spent fuel

used nuclear fuel that is no longer efficient for producing energy in a reactor

combustibil uzat

combustibil uzat

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pressure gradient

the rate at which pressure changes over a certain distance in a particular direction

gradient de presiune

gradient de presiune

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wave number

the spatial frequency of a wave, representing the number of wavelengths per unit distance

numărul de undă

numărul de undă

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boson

a tiny particle with whole-number spin, such as photons or the Higgs boson, often associated with carrying fundamental forces or giving mass to other particles

bozon

bozon

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collider

a type of particle accelerator where two opposing beams of particles are directed to collide with each other at high speeds, allowing scientists to study fundamental particles and forces

colizor

colizor

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dipole

a simple type of antenna made of two metal rods, connected in the middle, that is half the wavelength of the signal it transmits or receives

dipol

dipol

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lepton

a fundamental particle with half-integer spin, including electrons and their heavier counterparts, as well as neutrinos

lepton

lepton

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